Álvaro Vidiella, Phillip West, Dannielle van der Heijden

Álvaro Vidiella, Phillip West, Dannielle van der Heijden, NZ Avocado Lima, September 2015 . ... –Maluma 2000 trees since 2011...

15 downloads 263 Views 9MB Size
Álvaro Vidiella, Phillip West, Dannielle van der Heijden, NZ Avocado Lima, September 2015

NZ Avocado

2005-2006

Fruiting cultivars

Rootstocks

Dusa

Bounty

Carmen

Maluma

Tolerant to Pc

Tolerant to Pc

Hass like

Hass like

Clonal: less variability

Tolerant to waterlogging

High yield

High yield

Clonal: less variability

High autumn set`

Early season

Single leader

• Trials • 2009 Mangawhai • 2011-12 • Whangarei • Far North • 2012-13 • BOP x2 • Whangarei x2

• Commercial plantings • Dusa 45,000 trees from 2007 • Bounty 8,000 trees from 2009 • Maluma and Carmen 2000 in 2011

Mangawhai trial • Planted in 2007 • Comparing Hass on • Dusa • Bounty • Duke 7 • Zutano • 35 reps in randomized blocks • Very sick 30 y trees pulled out 1 year before planting

2011

% of dead trees 100 90

% of dead trees

80 70 Bounty

60

Duke 7

50

Dusa

40

Zutano

30 20

10 0 2012

2013

2014 Year

2015

2013

Tree health 0

Average Health Score of Survivng trees (0-9)

1 2 3

Bounty Duke 7

4

Dusa 5

Zutano

6 7 8 9 2012

2013

2014 Year

2015

Yield (kg/tree)

Dusa

Bounty

Duke 7

2015

Zutano

Fruit size(g)

Other Replant Trials Cliff

Bailey

Virgin soil

• Rootstocks – Dusa 45,000 trees since 2007 – Bounty 8,000 trees since 2009

• Fruiting cultivars – Carmen 1200 trees since 2011 – Maluma 2000 trees since 2011

Early difficulties – Common problems: • Aeration: • Compact soils • Waterlogging (Drainage) • Irrigation • Mulching • Planting depth • Spraying • Time of planting (soil temperature) • Chilling, frosts, wind • Defective staking

Replanting

Hass on Dusa planted in 2008 Area: 0.42 ha 2013-14: 800 trays = 11 t/ha 2014-15: 1800 trays = 23 t/ha 2015-16: 1500* trays = 19 t/ha

Virgin soil

Hass on Dusa planted in 2007 Area: 1 ha 2012-2013 = 11 t/ha 2013-2014 = 18 t/ha 2014-2015 = 22.5 t/ha

Virgin soil

Hass on Dusa and Zutano planted in 2009 Area: 16 ha 2012-2013 = 2 t/ha 2013-2014 = 6 t/ha 2014-2015 = 17 t/ha

Storm damage

Variability

Virgin soil

Hass on Dusa and Bounty planted in 2010 Area: 2 ha 2013-2014 = 4 t/ha 2014-2015 = 10 t/ha

Currently 50% total rootstock sales are Dusa + Bounty

Maluma and Carmen commercial plantings

2011: 11 orchards in 4 regions

Carmen Maluma

Bounty

Dusa

Zutano

140 166

698 871

418 1197

306

1569

1615

1256 2234 3490

Carmen

Carmen

Kg/tree Kg/tree (spring) 1.8

Kg/tree (autumn) 2.8

Maluma

Maluma

Fruit size

g

350 300 250 200

Hass 150

Maluma

100 50 0

Orchard 1

Orchard 2

Maluma

Tree architecture

Working groups Groups of growers, consultants and scientists Expertise: Standard agreed procedures Extension