Comparative Advantage Practice Problems

Comparative Advantage Practice Problems . Absolute Advantage: makes the most of a good (if using similar resources) Comparative Outputs: lowest opport...

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Comparative Advantage Practice Problems Absolute Advantage: makes the most of a good (if using similar resources) Comparative Outputs: lowest opportunity costs of producing a good (use “other goes over”) Comparative Inputs: least resources or effort needed to make one unit (use “other goes under”) Terms of trade: trade can occur only if the “price” of the good each country obtains from trade is less than their opportunity cost of producing the good themselves. *Pay attention to the format of the chart to determine if it is an input or output viewpoint. It makes a difference!* #1. Hats Delta 1200 Epsilon 600 AA Hats = AA Bicycles = CA Hats = Trade can occur: _____________ hats for ________________ bicycles

Bicycles 300 300

#2. Fish Alpha 10 labor hours Beta 20 labor hours AA Fish = AA Wheat = CA Fish = Trade can occur: _____________ fish for ________________ wheat

Wheat 20 labor hours 80 labor hours CA Wheat =

#3. Cloth Gamma 10 Kappa 10 AA Cloth = AA Food = CA Cloth = Trade can occur: _____________ cloth for _______________ food

Food 2 1

#4. Cars Lambda 30 Mu 20 AA Cars = AA Tractors = CA Cars = Trade can occur: ____________ cars for ______________ tractors

Tractors 10 40

#5. Watches 40

CA Bicycles =

CA Food =

CA Tractors =

Omega

10

Phi 10

20

Radios

AA Watches = AA Radios = CA Watches = Trade can occur: __________ watches for _____________ radios

CA Radios =

#6. Minutes needed to produce 1 radio Minutes needed to produce 1 bushel of wheat Ted 20 minutes 5 minutes Nancy 30 minutes 15 minutes AA Radios = AA Wheat = CA Radios = CA Wheat = Trade can occur: __________ radios for ___________wheat

Comparative Advantage Practice Problems KEY Absolute Advantage: makes the most of a good (if using similar resources) Comparative Outputs: lowest opportunity costs of producing a good (use “other goes over”) Comparative Inputs: least resources or effort needed to make one unit (use “other goes under”) Terms of trade: trade can occur only if the “price” of the good each country obtains from trade is less than their opportunity cost of producing the good themselves. *Pay attention to the format of the chart to determine if it is an input or output viewpoint. It makes a difference!* #1. Hats Bicycles Delta 1200 (1 hat = ¼ bike) 300 (1 bike = 4 hats) Epsilon 600 (1 hat = ½ bike) 300 (1 bike = 2 hats) AA Hats = Delta AA Bicycles = Neither/both CA Hats = Delta CA Bicycles = Epsilon Trade can occur: _____3________ hats for _______1_________ bicycles #2. Fish Alpha 10 labor hours (1 fish = ½ wheat) Beta 20 labor hours (1 fish = ¼ wheat) AA Fish = Alpha AA Wheat = Alpha CA Fish = Beta Trade can occur: _______3______ fish for ________1________ wheat

Wheat 20 labor hours (1 wheat = 2 fish) 80 labor hours (1 wheat = 4 fish) CA Wheat = Alpha

#3. Cloth Food Gamma 10 (1 cloth = 1/5 food) 2 (1 food = 5 cloth) Kappa 10 (1 cloth = 1/10 food) 1 (1 food = 10 cloth) AA Cloth = Neither/both AA Food = Gamma CA Cloth = Kappa CA Food = Gamma Trade can occur: __6, 7, 8, or 9__ cloth for ________1_______ food #4. Cars Tractors Lambda 30 (1 car = 1/3 tractor) 10 (1 tractor = 3 cars) Mu 20 (1 car = 2 tractors) 40 (1 tractor = ½ car) AA Cars = Lambda AA Tractors = Mu CA Cars = Lambda CA Tractors = Mu Trade can occur: _____1_______ cars for _______1_______ tractors #5. Watches 40

Omega Phi

Omega

10

Watches 40 (1W = ¼ R) 10 (1W = 2R)

Radios 10 (1R = 4W) 20 (1R = ½ W)

Phi 10

20

Radios

AA Watches = Omega AA Radios = Phi CA Watches = Omega Trade can occur: _____1_____ watches for ______1_______ radios

CA Radios = Phi

#6. Minutes needed to produce 1 radio Minutes needed to produce 1 bushel of wheat Ted 20 minutes (1 radio = 4 wheat) 5 minutes (1 wheat = ¼ radio) Nancy 30 minutes (1 radio = 2 wheat) 15 minutes (1 wheat = ½ radios) AA Radios = Ted AA Wheat =Ted CA Radios = Nancy CA Wheat = Ted Trade can occur: _____1_____ radios for ______3_____wheat