Fisher 2500-249 Pneumatic Controllers and Transmitters

Product Bulletin 34.2:2500 D200037X012 May 2011

2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters

Fisherr 2500-249 Pneumatic Controllers and Transmitters Typical caged and cageless sensor/instrument configurations are shown in figures 1 and 2. Caged sensors (figure 3) provide more stable operation than do cageless sensors (figure 4) for vessels with internal obstructions or considerable internal turbulence. Cageless sensors are generally used on specific gravity and interface control applications requiring large displacers that are more easily accommodated by flange connections up to NPS 8. The availability of many different displacer stem lengths permits lowering the displacer down to the

most advantageous depth in the vessel. Fisher pneumatic controllers and transmitters are used wherever rugged, dependable, and simply constructed displacer-style pneumatic instrumentation is required in liquid level, interface level, or density service. The ruggedness of these products is demonstrated by their use in many kinds of demanding applications, including those in the power, chemical process, oil and gas production, and petrochemical industries.

STANDARD CAGED SENSORS MOUNT ON VESSEL SIDE WITH DISPLACER INSIDE CAGE

CAGELESS SENSORS CAN MOUNT ON VESSEL SIDE OR TOP WITH DISPLACER INSIDE VESSEL

W9354-1

W8334

FISHER L3 PNEUMATIC LEVEL CONTROLLER (2500 CONTROLLER IN COMBINATION WITH A 249W SENSOR) CAN MOUNT ON VESSEL TOP OR BE INSTALLED IN A CUSTOMER‐SUPPLIED CAGE

W8679

Figure 1. Typical Configurations

www.Fisher.com

Product Bulletin


34.2:2500 May 2011

Specifications Available Configurations See tables 1, 5, and 6

Steady-State Air Consumption See table 4

Input Signal Fluid Level or Fluid-to-Fluid Interface Level: From 0 to 100 percent of displacer length—standard lengths for all sensors are J 356 mm (14 inches) or J 813 mm (32 inches); other lengths available depending on sensor construction Fluid Density: From 0 to 100 percent of displacement force change obtained with given displacer volume—standard volumes are J 980 cm3 (60 inches3) for 249C and 249CP sensors or J 1640 cm3 (100 inches3) for most other sensors; other volumes available depending upon sensor construction

Proportional Band, Differential Gap, or Span See table 1 Set Point (Controllers Only) Continuously adjustable to position control point or differential gap of less than 100 percent anywhere within displacer length (fluid or interface level) or displacement force change (density) Zero Adjustment (Transmitters Only) Continuously adjustable to position span of less than 100 percent anywhere within displacer length (fluid or interface level) or displacement force change (density)

Allowable Specific Gravity Specific gravity with standard volume displacers and standard wall torque tubes: Fluid Level and Fluid-to-Fluid Interface 2500 Controllers, except 2503 and 2503R: Specific gravity range, 0.20 to 1.10 2503 and 2503R: Specific gravity range, 0.25 to 1.10 Fluid Density 2500 Controllers, except 2503 and 2503R: Minimum change in specific gravity, 0.20 2503 and 2503R: Minimum change in specific gravity, 0.25 Contact your Emerson Process Management sales office for information on non-standard applications

Performance Independent Linearity (Transmitters Only): 1 percent of output pressure change at span of 100 percent Hysteresis: 0.6 percent of output pressure change at 100 percent of proportional band, differential gap, or span Repeatability: 0.2 percent of displacer length or displacement force change Deadband (Except Differential Gap Controllers(3)): 0.05 percent of proportional band or span Typical Frequency Response: 4 Hz and 90-degree phase shift at 100 percent of proportional band, differential gap, or span with output piped to typical instrument bellows using 6.1 meters (20 feet) of 6.4 mm (1/4-inch) tubing Ambient Temperature Error: ±1.5 percent of output pressure change per 28_C (50_F) of temperature change at 100 percent of proportional band, differential gap, or span when using sensor with standard wall N05500 torque tube Reset (Proportional-Plus-Reset Controllers Only): Continuously adjustable from 0.005 to over 0.9 minutes per repeat (from 200 to under 1.1 repeats per minute) Anti-Reset Differential Relief (2502F and 2502FR Controllers Only): Continuously adjustable from 0.14 to 0.48 bar (2 to 7 psi) differential to relieve excessive difference between proportional and reset pressures

Output Signal See table 1 Output Action J Direct (increasing fluid or interface level or specific gravity increases output pressure) or J Reverse (increasing fluid or interface level or specific gravity decreases output pressure) Area Ratio of Relay Diaphragms 3:1 Supply Pressure(1) Normal Operation: See table 4. Maximum to Prevent Internal Part Rupture(2): 3 bar (45 psig) -continued-

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Product Bulletin 34.2:2500 May 2011


Specifications (Continued) Standard Tubing Connections 1/4 NPT internal

Allowable Process Temperatures(1) See table 2

Sensor Connection Sizes See tables 5 and 6

Hazardous Area Classification

Maximum Working Pressures (Sensors Only)(1) Consistent with applicable ASME pressure/temperature ratings for the specific sensor constructions shown in tables 5 and 6 Operative Ambient Temperatures(1) Controller. J Standard: −40 to 71_C (−40 to 160_F) J High Temperature: −18 to 104_C (0 to 220_F) Sensor. See table 2 For ambient temperature ranges, guidelines, and use of optional heat insulator, see figure 5 Standard Supply and Output Pressure Gauge Indications See table 4

2500 controllers comply with the requirements of ATEX Group II Category 2 Gas and Dust

Construction Materials See tables 2, 3, and 7 Mounting Positions See figure 10 Caged Sensor Connection Styles See figure 11 Options See Options section

NOTE: Specialized instrument terms are defined in ANSI/ISA Standard 51.1 − Process Instrument Terminology. 1. The pressure/temperature limits in this document and any applicable code or standard should not be exceeded. 2. Also see Supply Pressure Overpressure Protection section. 3. For 2500S, 2500SC, and 2503 adjusting the differential gap is equivalent to adjusting the deadband.

Features D Easy Adjustment—Set point, proportional valve opening, and reset changes are made with simple dial-knob controls. D Simple, Durable Construction—Few moving parts are used. Knife-edged driver bearing in sensor and plated brass instrument case ball bearing for torque tube rotary shaft help provide low-friction operation. Sensors are available in ratings up to CL2500. D Mounting Versatility—Caged sensors are available in a variety of orientations and connection styles, and all sensors can be either right- or left-hand mounted. D Sensitive to Small Changes—Displacer reaction to small specific gravity changes allows these instruments to be used for density applications

and in other applications where a response to low levels of input signal change is required. D Easy Reversibility—Action is field reversible from direct to reverse or vice versa without additional parts. D Reduced Maintenance Costs—Spring-out wire provides for in-service cleaning of relay orifice (figure 2). Torque tube can be replaced without removing torque tube arm. D Reduced Operating Costs—Supply pressure conservation is enhanced in all constructions because relay exhaust opens only when output pressure is being reduced. D Smaller Vessel Sizes Required for Stable Control—Caged 249 sensors come standard with a liquid damping orifice in the lower equalizing connection that helps stability where vessel capacitance is small and permits narrower proportional valve settings.

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2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters Table 1. Additional Specifications for Selected Fisher 2500 Controller Configurations Control or Transmission Mode

Controller(1) 2500, 2500C(2)

Proportional control

2502C(2)

Full Output Signal Change Obtainable Over Input Of:

Output Signal

Proportional band of 0 to 100 percent of displacer length or displacement force change (10 to 100 percent recommended)

0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)

Proportional-plus-reset control

2502,

Proportional-plus-reset control with anti-reset windup

2502F

Proportional band of 0 to 200 percent of displacer length or displacement force change (20 to 200 percent recommended)

2500S, 2500SC(2)

Differential gap of 0 to 100 percent of displacer length

0 and 1.4 bar (0 and 20 psig) or 0 and 2.4 bar (0 and 35 psig)

2503

Differential gap of approximately 25 to 40 percent of displacer length, when a 356 millimeter (14-inch) ideal-volume displacer is used on 1.0 specific gravity liquid level service and a standard 1.4 bar (20 psig) supply regulator setting is varied between 1.0 and 1.7 bar (15 and 25 psig)(3)

0 and full supply pressure(4)

2500T, 2500TC(2)

Span of 0 to 100 percent of displacer length or displacement force change (20 to 100 percent recommended)

0.2 and 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)

Differential Gap (On-off) Control

With proportional valve and full differential gap adjustment Without proportional valve − has limited differential gap adjustment

Proportional transmission

1. The suffix R is added to the type number for reverse action, and all types have a 67CFR supply regulator mounted as standard. 2. The suffix C is added to the type number for indicator assembly. 3. Other displacer lengths and volumes, or service conditions, will result in other differential gaps. 4. 1.4 bar (20 psig) and 2.4 bar (35 psig) are the standard factory-set supply regulator pressures, but these values will vary whenever the supply pressure is changed to adjust the differential gap.

Table 2. Allowable Process Temperatures for Common Fisher 249 Sensor Component Materials MATERIAL Cast Iron(1) Steel

Table 3. Displacer and Torque Tube Materials Part

Standard Material

Other Material

Displacer

304 Stainless Steel

316 Stainless Steel, N10276, N04400, Plastic, and Special Alloys

316 Stainless Steel

N10276, N04400, other Austenitic Stainless Steels, and Special Alloys

N05500(1)

316 Stainless Steel, N06600, N10276

PROCESS TEMPERATURE Minimum

Maximum

−29_C (−20_F)

232_C (450_F)

−29_C (−20_F)

427_C (800_F)

−198_C (−325_F)

427_C (800_F)

N04400

−198_C (−325_F)

Aluminum

−195_C (−320_F)

99_C (210_F)

Displacer Stem, Driver Bearing, Displacer Rod and Driver

−29_C (−20_F)

427_C (800_F)

Torque Tube

Gaskets Graphite Laminate/SST N04400/PTFE

−198_C (−325_F) −73_C (−100_F)

427_C (800_F) 204_C (400_F)

1. N05500 is not recommended for spring applications above 232_C (450_F). Contact your Emerson Process Management sales office or application engineer if temperatures exceeding this limit are required.

Bolting B7 steel B7M steel B8M stainless steel

−46_C (−50_F) −29_C (−20_F) −198_C (−325_F)

427_C (800_F) 427_C (800_F) 427_C (800_F)

Stainless Steel

Soft Iron Gasket

427_C (800_F)

1. Cast iron may be used to −73_C (−100_F) provided a heat insulator is used below −18_C (0_F) and stainless steel studs and nuts are used below −46_C (−50_F).

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Table 4. Supply Pressure Data OUTPUT SIGNAL

0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig), except 0 and 1.4 bar (0 and 20 psig)(2) for on-off controllers 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig), except 0 and 2.4 bar (0 and 35 psig)(2) for on-off controllers

STANDARD SUPPLY AND OUTPUT PRESSURE GAUGE INDICATIONS(1)

NORMAL OPERATING SUPPLY PRESSURE(2)

AIR CONSUMPTION AT NORMAL OPERATING SUPPLY PRESSURE(3) Normal m3/h(6) Scfh(6)

Bar

Psig

Min(4)

Max(5)

Min(4)

Max(5)

0 to 30 psig

1.4

20

0.11

0.72

4.2

27

0 to 60 psig

2.4

35

0.19

1.1

7

42

1. Consult your Emerson Process Management sales office about gauges in other units. 2. Control and stability may be impaired if this pressure is exceeded (except 2503 or 2503R controller without proportional valve). 3. Except 2503 or 2503R controller, which bleeds only when relay is open at exhaust position. 4. At zero or maximum proportional band or span setting. 5. At setting in middle of proportional band or span range. 6. Normal m3/hr=normal cubic meters per hour at 0_C and 1.01325 bar. Scfh=standard cubic foot per hour at 60_F and 14.7 psia.

RESET ADJUSTMENT

3-WAY BOURDON TUBE VALVE HAS LARGE PORTS WHICH GREATLY REDUCE CLOGGING PIPE PLUG INSTEAD OF PROPORTIONAL VALVE MEANS INTERMITTENT BLEED THAT MINIMIZES FREEZE UP

W0671-1/IL W5637/IL

DETAIL OF DIRECT ACTING 2502 PROPORTIONAL‐PLUS RESET CONTROLLER

DETAIL OF REVERSE‐ACTING 2503R ON‐OFF CONTROLLER SPRING-OUT CLEANING WIRE

PROPORTIONAL BAND ADJUSTMENT

POINTER INDICATOR AND BASE PLATES

W0648-1/IL

INDICATOR ASSEMBLY DETAIL

W0656-1/IL

DIRECT‐ACTING 2500 CONTROLLER

Figure 2. Typical Fisher 2500 Controller Constructions with Right-Hand Mounting Shown

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DISPLACER ROD

DISPLACER STEM END CONNECTOR OPTIONAL TRAVEL STOP PIN AND PLATE W1800-1/IL

KNIFE EDGE BEARING

DISPLACER STEM

ROTATABLE HEAD

DISPLACER STUD

W0660-1/IL

TORQUE TUBE

249BP MOUNTS ON TOP OF VESSEL

DISPLACER ROD

DISPLACER

STANDARD TRAVEL STOP ASSEMBLY

CAGE

249W WAFER BODY

NPS 3 OR 4 RF FLANGE

W9353

249VS MOUNTS ON SIDE OF VESSEL CENTER OF DISPLACER SHOULD BE LOCATION OF LIQUID OR INTERFACE LEVEL DURING NORMAL OPERATION

W2141-1/IL

STILLWELL

1

W8252

DAMPING ORIFICE (REMOVABLE IF CLOGGING WILL OCCUR)

249W MOUNTS ON TOP OF VESSEL AS SHOWN OR CAN MOUNT IN CUSTOMER FABRICATED CAGE

W0144-1/IL

NOTE: 1 STILLWELL REQUIRED AROUND DISPLACER IF THE FLUID IS IN A STATE OF CONTINUOUS AGITATION

Figure 3. Fisher 249B Caged Sensor (Typical of all Rotatable-Head Caged Sensors)

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Figure 4. Typical Cageless Sensors



Table 5. Caged Displacer Sensors (1) EQUALIZING CONNECTION

SENSOR

Style

249(3) Torque tube arm rotatable with respect to equalizing connections

Screwed

1-1/2 or 2

Flanged

2

Screwed or optional socket weld 249B or 249BF(4)

CL125 or 250

1-1/2 or 2

Raised face or optional ring-type joint flanged Screwed

249C(2)

PRESSURE RATING(2)

Size (NPS)

CL600

1-1/2

CL150, 300, or 600

2

CL150, 300, or 600

1-1/2 or 2

Raised face

249K

Raised face or optional ring-type joint flanged

249L

Ring-type joint flanged

CL600

1-1/2

CL150, 300, or 600

2

CL150, 300, or 600

1-1/2 or 2

CL1500

2(5)

CL2500

1. Standard displacer lengths for all styles (except 249) are 14, 32, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, and 120 inches. The 249 uses a displacer with a length of either 14 or 32 inches. 2. PN flange connections available in EMA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa). 3. Not available in EMA. 4. 249BF available in EMA only. Also available in EN size DN 40 with PN 10 to PN 100 flanges and size DN 50 with PN 10 to PN 63 flanges. 5. Top connection is NPS 1 ring-type joint flanged for connection styles F1 and F2.

Table 6. Cageless Displacer Sensors (1) Mounting

Sensor

Mounts on top of vessel

249BP(3) 249CP

Mounts on top of vessel

Mounts on side of vessel Mounts on top of vessel or on customer supplied cage

Pressure Rating(2)

Flange Connection (Size)

249P(4)

249VS

249W

NPS 4 raised face or optional ring-type joint

CL150, 300, or 600

NPS 6 or 8 raised face

CL150 or 300

NPS 3 raised face

CL150, 300, or 600

NPS 4 raised face or optional ring-type joint

CL900 or 1500 (EN PN 10 to DIN PN 250)


CL150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, or 2500

NPS 4 raised face or flat face

CL125, 150, 250, 300, 600, 900, or 1500 (EN PN 10 to DIN PN 160)

NPS 4 butt weld end, XXS

CL2500


CL150, 300, or 600

71 60 70 400

TOO HOT

HEAT INSULATOR REQUIRED

300 200

400

100 NO INSULATOR NECESSARY

0

0 1 TOO COLD

−325 −40 −20

−100


−200 −240 0

20 40 60 80 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (_F)

120

140

_

_

−18 800

−10

0

10

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (_C) 20 30 40 50 60

93 70

80

90 TOO HOT


400

_

300 200

400

100 NO INSULATOR NECESSARY 0

0 1

−100


−325

160

0

STANDARD CONTROLLER

20 TOO COLD

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

PROCESS TEMPERATURE ( C)

50

PROCESS TEMPERATURE ( C)

_

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (_C) −40 −30 −20 −10 0 10 20 30 40 800

PROCESS TEMPERATURE ( F)

PROCESS TEMPERATURE ( F)

1. Standard displacer lengths are 14, 32, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, and 120 inches. 2. PN flange connections available in EMA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa). 3. Not available in EMA. 4. 249P with NPS 6 and 8 flanges and PN flanges are available in EMA only.

−200 −240 200

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (_F)

HIGH‐TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

NOTE: IF AMBIENT DEWPOINT IS ABOVE PROCESS TEMPERATURE, ICE FORMATION MIGHT CAUSE INSTRUMENT MALFUNCTION AND REDUCE INSULATOR EFFECTIVENESS. 1 FOR PROCESS TEMPERATURES BELOW −29_C (−20_F) AND ABOVE 204_C (400_F) SENSOR MATERIALS MUST BE APPROPRIATE FOR THE PROCESS − SEE TABLE 2. B1413-1A/IL

Figure 5. Guidelines for Use of Optional Heat Insulator Assembly

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2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters Table 7. Construction Materials Part In contact with process

Cage, head, torque tube arm

Sensor Cast iron

249B, 249BF(1)

Carbon steel

249C and 249CP

249L

CF8M (316 stainless steel) standard, CF3M (316L stainless steel), CF8 (304 stainless steel), CF3 (304L stainless steel), LCC (steel), C5 (steel), LC3 (3.5 percent nickel steel), M35-1, CN7M (Alloy 20) Steel standard, CF8, CF8M, CF3M, LCC, C5, LC3, WC1 (chrome moly steel), M35-1, CN7M optional Steel standard, CF8M, C5, WC1, LCC

249BP

Carbon Steel

249P

Carbon Steel

249VS

LCC, WCC (steel), CF8M

249W

WCC, CF8M LCC, CF8M N05500 standard

249K

Wafer body, torque tube arm Torque tube

Displacer

NPS 3 NPS 4 249, 249B, 249BF(1), 249K, 249L, 249P, 249VS, 249W 249C, 249CP, stainless steel 249VS, 249W All 249, 249B, 249BF(1), 249K, 249VS, 249W 249C, 249CP, 249W

S31600 (316 stainless steel) standard

S30403 (304L stainless steel), S31603 (316L stainless steel), N06600, N08020 (Alloy 20) optional S30400 (304 stainless steel) standard S31600 (316 stainless steel) standard

249L

A91100F (solid aluminum) standard

All

Solid PTFE, N04400 or other special materials

Standard trim(2)

All

S31600

Bolting

All

Standard torque tube end gasket Standard torque tube arm and cage gasket, if used Optional trim and gasketing

All

Steel grade B7 studs or cap screws and grade 2H nuts (standard), steel grade B7M studs and grade 2M nuts optional on 249B and WCC 249W sensor 316 stainless steel/graphite laminate, except 304 stainless steel/graphite laminate for 249K sensor Composition, except soft iron for the 249L sensor

All

All

In contact with Bourdon tube or bellows supply pressure Tubing

Other

Material

249

316 stainless steel trim with 316L stainless steel gasketing or soft iron gasketing; 317 stainless steel or N06600 trim with composition gasketing; 304, 304L or 316L stainless steel, N04400 or N08020 trim and gasketing Brass, plus SST 3-way valve for 2503 or 2503R controller Stainless steel

Relay diaphragms

Nitrile (standard) or polyacrylate (high-temperature)

Relay O-ring

Nitrile

Gasketing

Chloroprene (standard) or rubber (high-temperature)

Seal ring O-rings (and reset relief valve O-rings if used) Case

Nitrile (standard) or fluorocarbon (high-temperature)

Cover

Aluminum with glass gauge windows and nitrile cover gasket

Retaining flange

Steel

Aluminum

1. Available only in EMA. 2. Trim parts include displacer rod, driver bearing; displacer stem parts, and stem connection parts.

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OUTER BOURDON TUBE CHANNEL

INNER BOURDON TUBE CHANNEL SETPOINT OR ZERO ADJUSTMENT

FLAPPER

TORQUE TUBE SHAFT EXHAUST NOZZLE PROPORTIONAL VALVE

FIXED ORIFICE

LARGE DIAPHRAGM EXHAUST

EXHAUST END OF RELAY VALVE

SUPPLY PRESSURE

SMALL DIAPHRAGM

TO OTHER PNEUMATIC INSTRUMENT IF TRANSMITTER CONSTRUCTION OR APPLICATION

SUPPLY END OF RELAY VALVE

SUPPLY PRESSURE NOZZLE PRESSURE OUTPUT PRESSURE PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE

CD2114-E B2296/IL

Figure 6. Schematic of Direct-Acting Fisher 2500-249 Proportional Controller (or Transmitter) Shown with Right-Hand Mounting

Supply Pressure Overpressure Protection Applying excessive pressure to any portion of a controller, transmitter or connected equipment may cause leakage, part damage, or personal injury due to bursting of pressure-containing parts. Although the standard 67CFR supply regulator for 2500 instruments has internal relief to provide very limited overpressure protection, complete overpressure protection between the supply regulator outlet and the instrument case is needed if a malfunctioning supply regulator can deliver a supply pressure that exceeds 3.4 bar (50 psig).

Principle of Operation All 2500 controllers and transmitters use the same basic pressure-balanced relay with a yoked double-diaphragm assembly. Supply pressure either passes through the fixed orifice and bleeds out the nozzle (figure 6 or 7) or directly enters the Bourdon tube valve (figure 8). Nozzle pressure registers on the large relay diaphragm, and output pressure on the small relay diaphragm. The following descriptions show how the various controller and transmitter constructions work in conjunction with displacer action.

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2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters PROPORTIONAL BELLOWS

TORQUE TUBE SHAFT

SET POINT ADJUSTMENT

WITH ARROW DOWNRELIEVES ON DECREASING OUTPUT (OUTPUT AT SUPPLY DURING SHUTDOWN)

DIFFERENTIAL RELIEF VALVE

RESET VALVE

PROPORTIONAL VALVE

EXHAUST

TO PROPORTIONAL BELLOWS RESET ADJUSTMENT

TO RESET BELLOWS SUPPLY PRESSURE OUTPUT PRESSURE NOZZLE PRESSURE PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE RESET PRESSURE

PROPORTION BAND ADJUSTMENT

FROM RELAY

CJ4081-A B2347-2 E0792

PROPORTIONAL‐PLUS‐RESET CONTROL WITH ANTI‐RESET WINDUP

Figure 7. Schematic of Direct-Acting Proportional-Plus-Reset Controller

Proportional Controller or Transmitter As long as the process remains constant, the displacer will hold the torque tube shaft and attached flapper steady in relation to the nozzle. The nozzle-flapper opening will be such as to permit pressure to bleed from the nozzle as fast as it enters through the fixed orifice of the relay, keeping the pressure loading on the large relay diaphragm at the amount necessary to balance the output pressure loading on the small relay diaphragm. A process variable change (such as a variation in downstream demand that affects liquid outflow and thus the level of the tank shown in figure 6) changes the buoyant force acting on the displacer and moves the flapper with respect to the nozzle. An increasing buoyant force with direct action, or decreasing buoyant force with reverse action, produces a nozzle-flapper restriction that increases nozzle pressure on the large relay diaphragm. This opens the supply end of the relay valve and increases relay output pressure. But a decreasing buoyant force with direct action, or increasing buoyant force with reverse action, produces a nozzle-flapper opening that bleeds off nozzle pressure on the large relay

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diaphragm and opens the exhaust end of the relay valve to let output pressure (and thus actuator loading pressure) bleed away. The relay diaphragm pressure differential equalizes and a new output pressure is maintained according to the change in displacer position.

Proportional-Plus-Reset Controller All 2502 controllers (figure 7) have a two-way reset restriction valve that channels proportional pressure into a reset bellows to oppose proportional bellows action. This automatically slows the canceling effect of any proportional action by a set amount per time interval, as long as there is a deviation from the control point. Action of this reset pressure occurs on a delayed basis, and the reset valve can be adjusted to vary the time of delay. If a prolonged difference exists between the set point and the process variable, output pressure with a proportional-plus-reset controller will either drop to zero or rise to the maximum delivered by the supply regulator. This condition is called reset windup.



Anti-Reset Windup 2502F and 2502FR controllers additionally have anti-reset windup to minimize the delay in returning the controlled variable to the set point. This capability is provided by a reversible differential relief valve with adjustable spring. As shown in figure 7, proportional pressure registers rapidly on the spring side of the relief valve diaphragm as well as in the proportional bellows. Reset pressure registers slowly on the opposite side of the diaphragm. As long as the output pressure changes are slow enough for normal proportional and reset action, the relief valve spring prevents opening of the relief valve diaphragm. A large or rapid decrease in controller output pressure decreases the pressure in the proportional system, and on the spring side of the relief diaphragm. If the decrease on the spring side of the diaphragm is greater than the relief valve spring setting, the diaphragm moves off the relief valve orifice and permits reset pressure on the opposite side of the relief valve diaphragm to bleed rapidly into the proportional system. The differential relief valve can also be reversed to relieve with an increasing output pressure.

On-Off Controller With Proportional Valve This construction has the same flapper, relay, and proportional valve responses to a level or density change as does a proportional 2500 controller. However, the Bourdon tube is constructed (figure 2) so that output pressure change feedback moves the nozzle in the opposite direction from the way the flapper is moving. This reinforcement completely opens the relay valve either to full supply pressure or to full exhaust of output pressure, allowing no in-between throttling.

On-Off Controller Without Proportional Valve As long as vessel level or density remains above the lower snapping point on a direct-acting controller (or below the upper snapping point on a reverse-acting controller), the flapper remains far enough away to keep the exhaust port of the Bourdon tube valve closed and prevent any pressure escape from the Bourdon tube. The relay valve remains closed at the exhaust end and open at the supply end, allowing full output pressure into the control valve actuator.

When level or density sufficiently decreases with direct action or increases with reverse action, the flapper pushes the Bourdon tube valve in enough to seal the inner Bourdon tube channel (figure 8). This opens the exhaust port of the valve and permits exhaust of pressure from the actuator, initiating the appropriate control action. This control action continues until the level or density change again moves the flapper away enough to permit closing of the Bourdon tube valve exhaust port and the full application of output pressure to the actuator.

Options D Stainless Steel Heat Insulator Assembly—Refer to figure 9. Available for mounting between the torque tube arm of any 249 sensor and the instrument. Recommended for applications where combination of process and environmental temperatures would result in controller temperatures in excess of safe limits (figure 5). D JergusonR Gages—Permit direct observation of process level and other relevant characteristics. These gages are described in the Jerguson Gages supplement. The 249 sensor cage comes standard with suitable bosses that can be tapped for gage installation. All other sensors require the gages to be installed at the factory. When specified, the bosses will be tapped 1/2 NPT on the CL125 249 sensor, and 3/4 NPT on the CL250 249.

Installation Although it can be shipped alone for separate installation, a 249 sensor usually is shipped with a controller or transmitter installed. During shipment, displacers are detached from cageless sensors and optional tubular gauge glasses are detached from caged sensors. Equalizing piping, stillwells, or other equipment may be required for installation. Emerson Process Management does not provide this equipment. Complete dimensions and case connection information for all 249 constructions can be found in Fisher product bulletin 34.2:249 (D200039X012).

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2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters INNER BOURDON TUBE CHANNEL

OUTER BOURDON TUBE CHANNEL

SWITCHING POINT ADJUSTMENT

SUPPLY PORT OF THREE-WAY BOURDON TUBE VALVE

EXHAUST PORT OF BOURDON TUBE VALVE (OPEN FOR RELEASE OF LOADING PRESSURE)

FLAPPER

EXHAUST END OF RELAY VALVE

LARGE DIAPHRAGM

SUPPLY PRESSURE OUTPUT PRESSURE SMALL DIAPHRAGM

SUPPLY END OF RELAY VALVE

NOZZLE PRESSURE

B04466-E A2546-1/IL

Figure 8. Schematic of Reverse-Acting Fisher 2503R Controller

Ordering Information Application TORQUE TUBE ARM

TORQUE TUBE SHAFT

TORQUE TUBE SHAFT EXTENSION

When ordering, specify: D Control (proportional, proportional-plus-reset, or on-off), or transmission mode D Liquid level service (give type, pressure, temperature and specific gravity)

SHAFT COUPLING W0630-2/IL

Figure 9. Optional Heat Insulator Assembly

12

D Interface level service (give specific gravity of both liquids and minimum proportional band, differential gap, or span required) D Density service (give minimum and maximum specific gravity required)



Figure 10. Torque Tube Arm Mounting Positions

SCREWED: S1 FLANGED: F1 SOCKET WELD: SW1




A1271-3/IL

Figure 11. Cage Connection Styles

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2500-249 Controllers and Transmitters Construction Refer to the specifications and the Options section. Review the descriptions for each specification, under each option, and in the referenced tables and figures; specify the desired selection whenever there is a choice to be made. Right-hand mounting (with position 1 if appropriate) will be supplied automatically unless some other mounting method is specified. Unless another length is specified, 305 millimeters (12 inches) will be used as the standard cageless sensor length from flange face—or displacer rod—to displacer top. Always specify the complete type number (including the R suffix for reverse action) of the controller or transmitter, sensor, supply pressure regulator, and other desired equipment. On differential relief

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controllers, specify whether relief is to occur with excessive proportional or with excessive reset pressure.

Note Neither Emerson, Emerson Process Management, nor any of their affiliated entities assumes responsibility for the selection, use, or maintenance of any product. Responsibility for the selection, use, and maintenance of any product remains with the purchaser and end user.



15

Product Bulletin


34.2:2500 May 2011

Fisher is a mark owned by one of the companies in the Emerson Process Management business division of Emerson Electric Co. Emerson Process Management, Emerson, and the Emerson logo are trademarks and service marks of Emerson Electric Co. All other marks are the property of their respective owners. The contents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy, they are not to be construed as warranties or guarantees, express or implied, regarding the products or services described herein or their use or applicability. All sales are governed by our terms and conditions, which are available upon request. We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or specifications of such products at any time without notice. Neither Emerson, Emerson Process Management, nor any of their affiliated entities assumes responsibility for the selection, use or maintenance of any product. Responsibility for proper selection, use, and maintenance of any product remains solely with the purchaser and end user.

Emerson Process Management Marshalltown, Iowa 50158 USA Sorocaba, 18087 Brazil Chatham, Kent ME4 4QZ UK Dubai, United Arab Emirates Singapore 128461 Singapore www.Fisher.com 16 EFisher Controls International LLC 1990, 2011; All Rights Reserved

Fisher 2500-249 Pneumatic Controllers and Transmitters

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