Kingdom Protista - canyons.edu

KINGDOM PROTISTA Biology 106 By: Sameera Haq Professor Taylor Anderson-McGill

How are protists different from other kingdoms? 

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Most protists are found to be mainly unicellular and sometimes as colonial/multicellular (unspecialized cells) They have characteristics that are almost animal, plant, or fungi like but do not exactly fit into those kingdoms

What are some general characteristics of protists ?  

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Composed of eukaryotic cells Membrane bound organelles DNA found in the nucleus Plant-like-autotrophs, non-motile Animal-like-heterotrophs, motile Fungi-like - decomposers, some motility

What are the three kind of cellular movements found in animal-like protists ? Flagella- which are long tail like structures that is moved back and fourth Ex. Euglena  Pseudopod- (false foot) changes it shape by pushing the cytoplasm in one direction Ex. Paramecium  Cilia- are small hair like structures that move back and forth creating movement Ex. Amoeba 

Animal-like Phyla Phylum Zoomastigophora  Phylum Rhizopoda  Phylum Ciliophora  Phylum Sporozoa  Phylum Foraminifera *All of these phyla are unicellular 

Phylum Zoomastigophora  

All use flagella for locomotion Heterotrophic

Ex. Trichonympha

Flagellas

Phylum Rhizopoda  

Forms psuedopods for movement Heterotropic (cellular eating)

Ex. Amoeba proteus

Psuedopods

Phylum Ciliophora 

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Uses many cilia for locomotion as well as for feeding Heterotrophic Cilia

Ex. Paramecium

Phylum Sporozoa  

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Parasite No locomotion (nonmotile) Heterotrophic Red blood cells

Ex. Plasmodium (causes malaria)

Plasmodium

Phylum Foraminifera  

Uses podia (similar to pseudopods) for movement Heterotrophic

Ex. Foram Shells

Plant-like Phyla  

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Phylum Chlorophytha Phylum Phaeophyta Phylum Rhodophyta Phylum Bacillarophytha

Phylum Chlorophyta  

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Unicellular or Colonial Autotrophic Some organisms are motile Also known as green algae

Ex. Chlamydomonas

Flagella present therefore motile

Chloroplast

Phylum Phaeophyta  

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Multicellular Autotrophic Also known as brown algae/brown sea weeds

Ex. Macrocystis

Phylum Rhodophyta  

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Multicellular Autotrophic Also known as red algae

Ex. Chondrus crispus

Phylum Bacillarophytha  

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Unicellular or colonial Both autotrophic and heterotrophic Most of them have exoskeletons (shells)

Ex. Diatoms

Fungi-like Phyla  

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Phylum Myxomycota Phylum Arasciomycota Phylum Oomycota

Phylum Myxomycota  

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Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic Use flagella for locomotion

Ex. Plasmodial slime molds

Phylum Arasciomycota  

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Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic “Slug like” movement

Ex. Cellular slime molds

Phylum Oomycota  

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Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic Uses flagella for locomotion

Ex. Phytopthora infestans

Practice Questions 

Try practicing using a key

What is the domain?

Eukarya

What is the kingdom?

Protista

What is the phylum?

Ciliophora

What is the genus name?

Paramecium

What are the tiny hair like projection?

Cilia

Is it heterotrophic or autotrophic?

Heterotrophic

Where is and what is the function of the contractile vacuole?

Its function is to regulate water and salt balance

Is this eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Eukaryotic

How does this organism produce movement?

Flagella

Is this unicellular or multicellular?

Unicellular

What is the phylum?

Phylum Chlorophyta

What is that also known as?

Green Algae

What is the genus name?

Volvox

Are they unicellular or colonial?

Colonial

What is the common name?

Seaweed

What is the phylum?

Phylum Phaeophyta

How does this organism move?

Using pseudopods

How does this organism feed?

Through phagocytosis