ALBANIAN MINING TODAY
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ALBANIAN MINING TODAY
Albania is a rich country in minerals. The most frequent ones are groundwater resources, carbonate minerals, industrial minerals, mineral rocks, sedimentary industrial minerals, chromites etc. Albania is well known for chromium, copper, nickel and copper reserves. Quantity and quality of chromium is high. Before 1990 Albania was the 3rd country in Europe for chromium reserves and now it ranks as the country with the highest level of reserves in Europe. Mining industry in Albania, is currently being privatized and the government is also offering concession for construction and operation in this sector. There are different activities given in concession to domestic and or foreign companies for exploitation of chrome, nickel-silicate, copper, bitumen, cement, kaolin, alabaster, marbles, clays for brick production, river-bed gravels production, and rock building materials. In 2000 the government signed a 30-year concession with the Italian company DARFO to exploit 50% of chromium reserves and 100% of Ferro- Chromium. Coal and Nickel mines are privatized. The three largest cooper mines are being operated for a 30-year concession by a Turkish company: Ber-Oner. These quantity and quality mineral reserves provide an ideal situation for foreign investors to step in and expand their business in Albanian mining sector, with future export potentials to other countries in the region. The number of mining permits is increasing year after year and in 2008 more than 738 small, medium and very few large private companies exercise their activity in Albania . On year 2008, despite of 738 mining permits issued, only 590 were exploitation mining permits. Out of 738 mining permits, mostly are from chrome and limestone mining permits, respectively 220 and 259 exploitation permits.
CERTIFICATION OF MINING PRODUCTS
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Sampling based on approved standards, product presentation
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Testing on the basis of approved procedures
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Product inspection, verification on test bases, certification of quality, chemical and physical properties for all mining products in Albanian market such as: chromium ore, chromium concentrate, ferrochrome, iron-nickel ore, nickel silicate ore, copper concentrate, coal, kaolin, limestone, gravel, gyps, decorative stones, clays, construction materials, titan-magnetite, tailings.
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Conformity assessment for minerals and products after their treatment in order to be competitive in the world market.
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CERTIFICATION OF MINING PRODUCTS
FAST FACTS ON THE ALBANIAN MINING INDUSTRY OVERCAME THE CRISIS IS ENTIRELY PRIVATIZED IS ON THE WAY OF DEVELOPING IN ACCORDANCE WITH MARKET ECONOMY REQUIREMENTS DIFFERENT STRUCTURE FROM THE TRADITIONAL ONE STILL PRESERVING TRADITIONAL ELEMENTS HAS A CLEAR PERSPECTIVE AND WILL BE RE-ASSESSED IN THE MARKET WITH ITS POTENTIAL IS IN ONGOING REFORMING PROCESS THE STATE GAVE UP THE ADMINISTRATION OF PRODUCTION AND TOOK OVER THE MANAGEMENT OF THIS BRANCH OF ECONOMY THROUGH COMPILING PRIORITY POLICIES AND PROGRAMS RE-ASSESSED NATURAL RESOURCES OF MINERAL-MINING CHARACTER ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL CONCEPTS AND STANDARDS OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR REGIONAL AND WIDER COORDINATION EXCHANGE OF MUTUAL INVESTMENTS IN THE FIELD OF GEOLOGYMINING IMPROVED CLIMATE FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
Three Largest Albanian Mines Launched for Concession The Ministry of Economy Trade and Energy, (METE), based on DCM Nr. 1355 dated 10.10.2008 is accepting bids for the three largest mines and fabrics in Albania, respectively: Chrome Mine of Kalimash, Chrome Mine of Vlahna, Fabric for the Enrichment of Chrome Kalimash, and Fabric for the Enrichment of Copper Golaj.
MINERAL WEALTH IN ALBANIA …Bridging Investment Opportunities!
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GROUNDWATER RESOURCES
Albania is rich in water resources. About 57% of country surface is hydro. There are about 152 rivers and torrents which create 8 big rivers. The average annual flow of our rivers is about 1245 m3/s and all our rivers pour into the sea about 40 billion m3 of water per year. Facts showed that efficient infiltration, which is part of precipitation recharging groundwater, accounts for about 45-55% of the average annual precipitation. The average annual infiltration in Albania is 1500 to 2000 mm and the most frequent areas are Mali i Gjere, Mali me Gropa, Mali i Thate. Karstic water discharges almost equal karstic springs which vary greatly in productivity. There are about 110 karstic springs with average discharges exceeding 100 l/s. 17 of them discharge more than 1000 l/s. The average annual discharge of the biggest karstic spring, Blue Eye, is 18.4 m3/s. The maximum discharge of wells varies between 10-15 l/s. The total of dissolved solids varies between 400-650 mg/l and ground water has a high percentage of iron concentration (about 0.3-1 mg/l). Sulphuric mineral waters are mineral waters which increase the concentration of sulphur gas more than 10 l/s. Deep wells have released mineral waters in some buried Mesozoic carbonate structures in Ionian and Kruja areas. Methane mineral waters were found in numerous gas and oil wells. These waters have increased the total amount of mineral presence which varies between 10-60 g/l. Cold waters have high percentage of sulphates and chlorides. The most well-known areas containing cold water are Glina and Kolonja near Gjirokastra, and Bashaj spring in Smokthina.
HYDROCARBON SOURCES
Albania has considerable potentials for future oil and gas discoveries both in land and at sea, which may encourage foreign investors to start digging and searching for new oil and gas fields. Interpretation of geological data and evidence has shown that in the future the Peripheral-Adriatic Depression will remain an important exploration area in Albania.
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HYDROCARBON SOURCES
From the geological point of view, Albania is an important hub for hydrocarbon resources in the Mediterranean alpine zone. Hydrocarbon accumulations are unrepeatable subterranean natural resources by means of which Albania has generated and will continue to generate important financial funds. Many oil and gas fields are discovered and put on production more than 2.118.516 meters of explanatory-drillings, 4.836.204 meters of production and development-drillings are drilled and more than 50 million tons of crude oil and 10 billion m3 of accompanying natural gases are produced. Albania has considerable potentials for future oil and gas discoveries both in land and at sea, which may encourage foreign investors to start digging and searching for new oil and gas fields. For the time being, exploration of hydrocarbons in these targets is difficult due to high depths and presence of over thrusting and salt diapirism tectonics. Interpretation of geological data and evidence has shown that in the future the Peripheral-Adriatic Depression will remain an important exploration area in Albania. The rehabilitation, improvement and further development of existing fields, but also exploration and development of potential future hydrocarbon resources in Albania may lead foreign companies and industrialized countries to invest in our country. As of 01/01/2006, cumulative oil production represents only 11.59% of the total estimated reserves or 27.57% of reserves in carbonate deposits and 6.88% of reserves in sand and stone deposits. The cumulative oil and gas production represents some 7.42% of predicted or potential reserves. It is important to emphasize that bituminous sands should also be considered an important part of hydrocarbon reserves in Albania. Bituminous sands with colossal reserves in Albania have such geologic-mineral and technologic parameters that have allowed them to be treated and processed for several years for the recovery of heating fuels.
INDUSTRIAL & BUILDING MATERIALS MINERALS
Carbonate rocks are the most widespread sedimentary formation in Albania, covering 7300 km2 . The thickest sections of carbonates belong to the Mesozoic age and are located in Albanian Alps, in SazanKaraburuni and Kruja platforms, and in Ionian, Krasta-Cukali, Mirdita, and Korabi pelagic troughs.
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INDUSTRIAL & BUILDING MATERIALS MINERALS
Albania is rich in mineral resources of sedimentary, magma and metamorphic origin. In industrial aspect the production is going on in 300 deposits of 25 different kinds of industrial minerals and rocks. 1. Carbonate formation of sedimentary origin related to shallow water and pelagic platforms fall in the following groups: •
Biochemical formations (limestone, dolomites, reach phosphorous, siliceous rocks)
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Chemical formation (gypsum, anhydride, alabaster, salts)
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Mechanical sedimentary formation (marl, different kinds of clay, sands and quartz, river and sea cost alluvium, ground colors)
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Weathering formation
2. Industrial mineral rocks of magma origin related to ultra basic and basic ophiolite sequences are divided in the following 3 groups. •
Industrial minerals and rock related to plutonic ophiolites (olivine, hazburgite, lhercolite, gabbors, pyroxsenite, granite, plagiogranite).
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Non metallic minerals and rocks related to the plutonic granite complex (granite) and hydrothermal (magnets, talc, asbestos, quartz, serpentine, fluorite).
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Magmatic origin linked with volcanic complex (basalt, volcanic glass, volcanic tuffs).
INDUSTRIAL MINERALS
Limestone rock is mainly composed of calcite and contains from 52% up to 56%. Limestone is found in enormous quantities all over Albania and could be used successfully in the cement industry, lime production and the task is to expand production of carbonic aggregates (rock quarries) in order to fulfill the demands from construction industry. Limestone: 494.4 million tons, with CaO 50-55%, MgO 0.25-4%, SiO2 0.1-3%, Fe2O30.1-0.8% Dolomites. The dolomites are met together with the limestone, in the form of layers, packets, belts of big sizes. Dolomite >158.5 million tons with CaO 30.34%; MgO 18.21%, Fe2O3 0.14-0.43% They are widespread in Ionian and Kruja tectonic zone which are prospected large deposits containing 18-21.7 % MgO In the Ionian zone are found and prospected uranium-bearing phosphate mineralization of Middle Jurassic linked with submarine gap in sedimentation of hard ‘ground town’ type, and many poor phosphorous deposits genetically related to carbonate-phosphate-siliceous- globotruncanic sequence of Coniacian. Carbonated Decorative Stones. They are mainly located in the Korabi zone, in the peripheral parts of Mirdita zone, in the zone of Alps, Krasta-Cukali, Kruja and Jonic. Phosphorus. 12 phosphorus deposits have been discovered, with about 23 million tons of reserves, which have been used in agriculture directly or for phosphoric fertilizers production. Phosphorus 57.1 million tons with: P2O5 4-12%, CaO 4850%, SiO2 5-8.5%, U3O8 > 0.005.
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INDUSTRIAL MINERALS
Clays. Several sorts of clays have been explored and are already known in Albania. According to their composition and areas in which they are used, clays are called as follows: bentonite clays, gratified clays, white potassium clays, coloring clays and the clays for the thick ceramics, to be used for brick and tiles production. Clays 262.7million tons with Al2O3 11-14%, MgO 2.6-7%, SiO2 43-51%, Fe2O3 0.4-11%, CaO 0.7- 0.8%, TiO2 0.3-0.7% Silica sands and Quartzite. In Albania there have been discovered about 30 deposits and objects of quartzite, silica sands, with a potential of 200 million tons of ore reserves, which have been used in a very small scale in the industry of glass and abrasives. The content of silica sands is over 80 % SiO2, about 10 % Al2O3 and up to 1.5% Fe2O3. Gypsums and Anhydrites. The explored reserves exceed 85 million tons of CaSO4 2H2O=88-98%, only a small part of which has been mined so far near Vlora (used for production of plaster and cement) and near Dumre and Kavaja for cement production. Chalk. Gorica chalk deposits in Korça region are well-known in Albania and reserves are estimated more than 2 million tones. Traven tines are porous carbonate rocks, light and with colloidal forms of decorative features. Albitophyre. Na-feldspars and NaK-feldspars of 8-9% alkali content and 4-7% K2O are found in Korabi, Gashi, and Mirdita zones. There is also a prospected albitophyre deposit in Guri i Zi, with an estimated 265.000 tons of industrial albitophyre reserve. Rock salt. More than 300 million tons of rock salt has been discovered containing 76-82% NaCl. River-bed Gravels. 52 deposits and objects of river-bed aggregates have been studied and discovered (sand and gravels) in all rivers of Albania, amounting to more than 270 million m3 reserves.
OPHIOLITE ROCKS AND NON-METALLIFEROUS MINERALS
Olivinites are distributed in the Ultra Basic Massifs, mainly in those of Eastern Belt and less in the Western Belt. They can be used as refractory material when they are fresh and MgO is 46-48 %, but they can also be used as decorative stones in case the block is good. Volcanic Glass is localized in the volcanogenic complex of Central Mirdita, mainly in the western Part of the Munella Mountain, from Mashterkor in the South to Lak Roshi in the North. These rocks of intermediate-acid composition are widespread into the basalt-dacite volcanic complex of the Central Mirdita, where they have been discovered, prospected and partly explored, Qafe Bari, Lumzi, and Lak Roshi deposits. Volcanic Tuffs. Large deposits of potassium volcanic tuffs are prospected in Tirana syncline in molasses formations, in Gramshi region in flesh formations, in molasses of Peripheral Adriatic Depression zone.
OPHIOLITE ROCKS AND NON-METALLIFEROUS MINERALS
Magnesites have been explored in the ultra basic rocks connected with the serpentines peridotites in some of the massifs of our country.
Granite. Some massifs and small occurrences of granites are known in Albania (Trokuza, Levrushk, Fierza, Radomir, Peladhi, etc). The massive granite of Levrushk represents a mineral (quartz feldspar) raw material widely used in glass and ceramics industry Ophiolitic Decorative Stones are distributed in the zone of Mirdita, starting from Tropoja and Kuksi in the North up to Korça and Kolonja in the South. About 20 deposits of ophiolite decorative stones are discovered, with an estimated reserve of more than 70 million m3, a wealth to be used by not only for fulfilling the needs of the country abut also for export. Basalts are distributed in the tectonic zone of Mirdita in the North, in the region of Kuksi, Puka, Mirdita and in the South East in Korça and Kolonja. There are 1064 million tons with SiO2 47%, Fe2O3 10%, Al2O3 13%. Our basalt deposits are numerous and close to national road network and major harbors. Ceolites are intercalated with riodacites, andosite-basalts etc. They contain 57.35% SiO2.
CHROMITES IN THE OPHILITES OF ALBANIA
The Albania ophiolite contains pod from chromites deposits. The most important chromites deposits are located within depleted hazburgites, 500800m beneath the boundary of hazburgite transition zone. In the context of structural classification, there is evidence of concordant, sub-concordant and discordant chromites ore bodies. The largest economically important deposits are confined to the transition zone between the tectonic hazburgite and the cumulate dunite, particularly in dunite apophyse and lenses within the upper part of the hazburgite. Two main morph structural types of chromites ore bodies are distinguished in ultramafic section of ophiolite complexes of the east belt of the Albania. Stratiform-like bodies with preserved cumulative characteristics of primary crystallization and accumulation of chromites Pod from SSZ (supra seduction zone) deposits are dominant type. They are tabular and pencil-like. With regard to chromate composition, three principal groups have been defined: • High Cr2O3 and MgO chromites are dominant. • High Al2O3 and low Cr2O3 chromites occur occasionally only in tectonic mantel ore sequence and mostly in cumulate sequence near gabbors. • High iron chromites are associated with dunite and pyroxene close to gabbors contact with which continue EGP. Present Chrome Ore Reserves - 32, 8 million tons, from which 12.8 million tons of grade over 30 % Cr2O3 Chromites ores of different types are located in the ultra basic rocks, extended in the form of big massifs, in an area of several hundreds of square kilometers which altogether is about 2850 km2 . The content of Cr2O3 in chromites ore is 15 - 50% and Cr/Fe ratio is 3/1 which makes Albanian chromites ore very suitable for metallurgical use. Besides reserves of high-grade chromites, there is also a huge potential of low-grade chromites ore suitable to be processed in enrichment plants operating in Albania and be later used in different fields.
CHROMITES IN THE OPHILITES OF ALBANIA Ultra Basic Massif of Bulqiza The main levels of mineralization in this massif are: • In the level of dunite-harzburgites facie (deposits in Theken - Ternove, Almarine - Lugu i Gjate - 10 Korriku, Liqeni i Sopeve, zone Shkalle - Maja e Drenit - Qaf Burrel - Maja Burrel, zone of Manazdren, a part of objects of Selishta zone) • In the level of dunitic facie (Cumulates) (deposits of Kraste-Lugu i Thelle, Maja e Lugut, objects Kaptina, Livadhi i Dashit, Kopshti i Kalit, Letaj, Maja e Kunores, Kreshta, Shenas and several other occurrences genetically linked with dunitic fascia) Ultra Basic Massif of Kukës Future prospects for additional chromites reserves adding are in the zone of Prroi Batrës, Marajth, Laku i Çupit, Qafe Kumbull, Prroi i Pulave, Prroi Andrave, Koder Luç–2, Kapti, etc. and also around the existing areas (Kalimash, etc), in strike and dip. Ultra-Basic Massif of Tropoja • 328 chromites outcrops (occurrences) are known in the massif of Tropoja where nearly 140 objects and deposits are located. • Harzburgite-dunite sequence objects of the zone Dege-T’pla– Rragan-Lugu i Zi and in the zone of Pac–Kam-Kepenek-ZogajQafe Bushi–Vllahen • Dunite sequence, objects of Qafe–Luzhe, Kepenek–10, 11, Perroi Thelle, Kepenek–9, Lugu Gjinit–1, 2, Gjelaj–3, 4, MahalleQafe, Mahall–Fshat, Lugu Zanit, Kepenek-Fshat, etc. • sequence of the transition zone, objects of Dobrej-Vlad-Pac-Kam and Visoç–Gzhime-Lugu Helshanit –Mazç-Qafa e Gomurit– Perollaj–Golaj–Dobrune–Vranisht Ultra-Basic Massif of Shebenik–Pogradec In the massif of Shebenik-Pogradec we can distinguish the following mineralization levels: • Chromatic level Fushë e Madhe – Gjorduke also including the chromatic outcrop in Rajce, Fush Madhe, etc. • Chromatic level Katjel-Memelisht including Katjel, Memelisht, Kosharisht, Pishkash, Grupi Gobilles, Qafa Dinarit. • Chromatic level of Govate-Shesh Bush (ore body Nr.4) is located in the intercalated horizon harzburgite–dunite, that are connected with the deposits “1 Qershori ” Pojske, Bushtrica, • Chromatic level of Tollovice–Bushtrice is located in intercalated in the upper part of horizon harzburgite–dunite which is richer in dunites and contains relatively low-grade ores of second type. • Chromatic level located in the dunite horizon is of third type.
BITUMEN AND OTHERS Bituminous Sands reserves are about 246 million tons. Albania is considered as one of the richest countries in bituminous sands.
Natural Bitumen Natural bitumen of high content is located in the Selenica deposit, in the district Vlora; Known since ancient times this bitumen is very rare. Due to its location, forming conditions and particularly high content, this bitumen is also known in technical literature as Albanite. The amount of geologic reserves in Selenica deposit are estimated to be about 520.000 tons of natural bitumen Bituminous Coal It is found together with natural bitumen in the Selenica deposit. It has 70-92% of free carbon and a calorific value of 3500-7500 kcal/kg (or 14.7-31.5 MJ/kg). Sometimes, light fractions are liberated up to 30%. According to geological studies, the estimated reserves of bituminous coal are about 3-4 million tons Bituminous Sands (tar sands) Due to forming conditions, enormous quantities of tar sands reserves have been explored in Albania, namely in: Patosi, Treblov-Selenica, Selishta, Kucova, Murrizi, Kreshpan, Belishova, Greshica, Makareshti, Thuman-Miloti, etc.
BITUMEN AND OTHERS
The reserves of bituminous sands are about 246 million tons. Albania is considered as one of the richest countries in bituminous sands. Below you will find estimated reserves only for the two major fields: Kasnice-Visoke-Patos in Fier region and Trebleve-Selenice in Vlora region: - Verified reserves 120 million tons - Potential reserves 360 million tons - Prognosis reserves 600-630 million tons The content of sandstones is mainly quartzite. Carbonate is high and occasionally equals 2.9% of weight. As below are listed some geological technical and economic considerations: 1. The main deposits of bituminous sands belong structurally to a monocline zone (Patosi, Trebelova, and Selenica) mainly composed of mollusk deposits of Tortonian-Pliocene, contacting deep down with ancient deposits. 2. The average presence of bitumen is 8-11%. 3. The ratio mineral/sterile is 1/3. Mineral loss is up to 10% 4. Vertically there is evidence of some levels of bituminous sands with a thickness from 1-2m to 17-18 m, alternated with clay layers with thickness 25-30 m. Object depth is more than 100 m below surface. 5. The Selenice-Trebleve bituminous sands deposit have a very favorable position because it is located in the most populated and industrialized area of Albania, near the ports of: Vlora and Durresi near the cities of: Fier, Vlora, Patos, Ballsh and crossed by local and national roads and railroads linking the main cities with the ports of Vlora and Durresi. These areas have complete coverage of electronic networks. 6. The deposits of bituminous sand are mostly public property and partially private property. They are treated in conformity with the Law on Hydrocarbons and Mining 7. Main additional energy sources are: petroleum, gas, and coal.
IRON NICKEL AND NICKEL SILICATES
FAST FACTS Nickel Ore Reserves: 272 million tons. Present reserves: 258 million tons Mined Reserves: 15 million tones With abundant regional capacities for nickel-ore processing (MacedoniaKavardarc, Kosovo-Gllogovc and Ferronickel Plant-Greece) the industry of nickel mining in Albania has great possibilities for development.
12 million tones of iron-nickel ore have been mined over the years. Production in the year 1989 was 1.2 million tons. The lack of domestic and foreign market as principal consumer of nickel ore was the only reason for mines closure. Domestic market, with an annual processing capacity of 1.2 million tons of ore, was closed due to incompatibility of melting technology with ore characteristics, due to poor quality of technology and techniques used, low economic indexes and undulation of world nickel market. Nickel is in the form of iron-nickel (Pogradec, Librazhd) with a grade of 0.81.1 % Ni and nickel-silicate (Devoll, Kukes) with a grade of 1.1–1.4 % Ni. Existing three main regions of Iron-Nickel Ore: 1) HAS-KUKËS-LURË REGION (Mamez, Trull Surroj, Nome). In general the area covered by lateritic formations is relatively big and for particular areas have big undulations varying from 0.4 km2 up to 10 km2 , which means considerable reserves of iron-nickel. 2) LIBRAZHD-POGRADEC REGION (Guri Kuq, Cervenaka, etc) has very large reserves of iron-nickel ores which has led to the opening and development of several mines where mining has been successful. Mining of nickel ore has started since 1958 in the first iron-nickel mine of Eastern Pishkash. The extracted ironnickel ore was exported to Czechoslovakia and later it was used as raw material in the Metallurgical Combine of Elbasan.
IRON NICKEL AND NICKEL SILICATES
Deposits and occurrences of iron-nickel in this region are spread in two belts: a) North East Wing. On ground surface the iron-nickel ore body appears interrupted by ultra basic rocks with carbonate deposits of upper Creatacious which extend for more than 30 km starting from the Northeast outcrop of Buzgara deposit and continuing to the south with deposits of North Bushtrica, Central Bushtrica, Upper Bushtrica, Skroska, Xixillas, Guri i Pishkashit, Upper Pishkash etc. Main components of ironnickel ore body are: Fe, Ni, Co as useful elements. For iron the content is 39-50 %, for nickel 0.8-1.11 % and for cobalt 0.06-0.10 %. Considerable reserves, good technical mining conditions, relatively good content of Ni, Fe and Co, good technological results, location in proximity of residential centers and appropriate infrastructure, create very good possibilities for opening and mining of iron-nickel ores b) North-West Wing. Part of this wing is important deposit of Liqeni Kuq (Red lake) and Xhumaga. The ore body is located between two carbonic facies of Lower Cretscious as floor and strike. Its length in Liqeni Kuq is 1700 m and in Xhumaga 2800 m. Ore body thickness ranges from 5 m to 40 m in Xhumanga and 0.36-6.9 m in Liqeni i Kuq 3) DEVOLL REGION (Bilishti, Bitincka, etc). This region contains iron-nickel and nickel-silicate deposits of Bitincka and Kapshtica and also occurrences of Shkoza and Verrnik. The deposits of iron-nickel and nickel-silicate in Bitincka are the biggest deposits explored in Albania. The ore body is located between the ultra basic rocks as floor and sedimentary rocks as roof. Chemical composition of nickel-silicate and iron-nickel ores in general follows the laws of iron-nickel ores and nickel content depends on the ore type, politic type is Ni grade, meanwhile Fe higher grade in oolotic-pisolotic type. In general values of Fe content vary between 38-48%, Ni 0.8-1.3%.
COAL RESERVES IN ALBANIA FAST FACTS Coal reserves in our country are about 794 million tons and they are concentrated in the following zones: In the zone of Tirana, about 86% of reserves In the zone of Korça-Pogradec, 10% of reserves In the zone of Memaliaj 4% of reserves
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COAL RESERVES IN ALBANIA
Our coals, in general, are of lignite type with calorific analytical value of 2000-5600 kcal/kg (averagely 3200-3300). Coals can be washed after mining thus increasing their calorific value in concentrates up to 4500-5500 kcal/kg In the present energetic situation of our country, coalgenerated energy production is an important alternative which is encouraged through the building and installation of energy units up to 5 MW, using domestic coal of low calorific value. This type of coal is located in the coal-bearing basins of Tirana, Memaliaj, Pogradec and Korça. First option is the rehabilitation of 60MW Thermo Power Station block in Fieri, with infrastructure already in place. Based on studies for strengthening the Energetic System of the country conducted by Albanian Electric Power Corporation-KESH, it is recommended to start as soon as possible the construction of Thermo Power Station, which could be fueled with coal from Memaliaj, where the raw material is available. Future Measures and Investment opportunities to be followed: In the case of further oil price increase it is indispensable to consider also the use of other alternative forms of energy production. Due to the continuously increasing application of new pollution-free technologies for burning coals, it is worth making an economic re-assessment for coals of high calorific value which should be combined with investments in Thermo Power Stations, producing energy.
PEATS
FAST FACTS Peats reserves are about 156 million m3 with 2200 kcal/kg Peat’s Deposit characteristics are: Calorific value: 2960 kcal/kg Moisture: 11% Volatiles: 39% Sulphur content: 1.1%
Peats are considered as a valuable additional energy source and they are located in the deposit of Maliq city;
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COPPER FAST FACTS Albanian geologic reserves of copper deposits are about 53 million tons with 1.3-2.5% Cu; extractable reserves are about 27 million tons with 1, 52% Cu.
Four main types of copper deposits are distinguished based on the geological conditions of ophiolites position, their morphology, genetic and mineralogical components, etc: Hydrothermal-Methasomatic and Volcanogenic-Sedimentary Deposits in: Munella, Qaf-Bari, Gurthi, Rruga Rinise, etc. Main type Volcanogenic-Hydrothermal-Methasomatic Deposits in: Tuçi, Spaci, Derven, Paluca, etc. Volcanogene-Sedimentara Deposits in: Munella, Gjegjan, Palaj, Karma, Rubik Metasomatic Sulphide Massif Deposits in: Kurbneshi, Golaj, Thirra, Nikoliqi, etc. A WEALTH OF OPPORTUNITIES IN THE COPPER MINING INDUSTRY IN ALBANIA Munella deposit, with about 10 million tons of copper ore reserves with an average content in block of 1.35% Cu Lak Roshi deposit, with about 0.35 million tons of copper ore reserves with an average content in block of 3.4% Cu Karma deposit, with about 1 million tons of copper ore reserves with an average content in block of 2.5% Cu Perlati South deposit with about 1.4 million tons of copper ore reserves with an average content in block of 2.88% Cu Spaçi deposit, with about 3.65 million tons of copper ore reserves with an average content in block of 1.23% Cu Bregu Geshtenjes deposit, with about 1.7 million tons of copper reserves with an average grade of 2.09% Cu
ADDRESING CONCESSION AND LEGISLATION
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ADDRESING CONCESSION AND LEGISLATION
Law no 7764, date 02.11.1993 “On Foreign Investments covers all kinds of foreign investments in Albania, specifying the basic conditions for their promotion and protection. The law creates a legal basis for the creation of favorable conditions for foreign investors. Law no.7796, date 17.02.1994 “On mining in Albania” amended by Law no.8741, date 15.02.2001 “On labor safety during mining activity” Law no.9261, date 22.07.2004” On some changes and additions to the Law on Mining in Albania” “Documentation and procedures for obtaining exploitation permit in compliance with requirements of Albanian Mining Law no.7796, date 17.02.1994, amended with Law no.9261, date 22.07.2004”. Law no. 9663 dated 18.12.2006 “On Concessions” Law no.9667, date 29.12.2006 “On some changes and additions to the Law on Mining in Albania” Regulation of criteria and procedures for granting professional licenses in design, assessment, consultancy, monitoring and technical management of mining activities Law no. 9880 dated 25.2.2008 “On Electronic Signature” Law no. 9901 dated 14.04.2008 “On Entrepreneurs and Companies”
Special Thanks, Albinvest, would like to express its gratitude to the National Agency of Natural Recourses (NANR/AKBN) and to the Albinvest staff who worked restlessly to put this promotional brochure together. For more information please visit the NANR official website: http://www.akbn.gov.al/eng/
