TILBURG UNIVERSITY PRODUCTION PLANNING AND INVENTORY CONTROL IN THE

Download No. 2003–92. PRODUCTION PLANNING & INVENTORY CONTROL. IN THE PRE-DECO INDUSTRY. By J. Ashayeri, R.J.M. Heuts, H.G.L. Lansdaal,. L.W.G. St...

0 downloads 449 Views 241KB Size
Tilburg University

Production Planning and Inventory Control in the Pre-deco Industry Ashayeri, Jalal; Heuts, R.M.J.; Strijbosch, L.W.G.; Lansdaal, H.G.L.

Publication date: 2003 Link to publication

General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. - Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research - You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain - You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Download date: 29. Jul. 2018

No. 2003–92 PRODUCTION PLANNING & INVENTORY CONTROL IN THE PRE-DECO INDUSTRY By J. Ashayeri, R.J.M. Heuts, H.G.L. Lansdaal, L.W.G. Strijbosch October 2003

ISSN 0924-7815

hL_U|L? *@???} : W?i?|Lh) L?|hL* ? |i Thi#iUL W?_t|h)

a t@)ih c +a Oi|t c



OBw w@?t_@@* c w`B 5|hMLtU

*@|L?tG

A*Mh} N?iht|)c L

bfD c Dfff w, A*Mh}c

Ai i|ih*@?_t



5)?|iU Vc #iT@h|4i?| Lu wL}t|Utc L

e2ff , BLh?Ui4c Ai i|ih*@?_t

@*?} @_hittitG

at@)ih9|?* +aOi|t9|?* Ow@?t_@@*9t)?|iU?* w`B5|hMLtU9|?*

2eec

2

Mt|h@U|

hL_U|L? *@???} @?_ W?i?|Lh) L?|hL* EW t @? itti?|@* _)?@4Ut Lu |i *L}t|U@* TihuLh4@?Ui Lu 4@?u@U|h?} Lh}@?3@|L?t W? |t T@Tihc i _tUtt |i _i i*LT4i?| Lu @ W t)t|i4 ? @ ThLUitt ?_t|h) Ai ThLUitt 4@?u@U|h?} ?_t|h) @t ?L| i4Mh@Ui_ |i ?i _@?Ui_ *@???} @?_ 5Ui_*?} E5 tLu|@hi tL*|L?t _i |L |i UL4T*i

|it ?L*i_ ? |i tLu|@hi tL*|L?tc U _L ?L| €| |i ThLUitt

?_t|h) i?hL?4i?| i**

h UL?|hM|L? t |L ?_ih*?i |i ?ii_ uLh @ t4T*i @?_

i@t*) ?_iht|LL_ 4i|L_L*L}) uLh |t ?_t|h) Ai T@Tih t M@ti_ L? @ hi@**ui U@ti t|_) ? @ M@|U ThLUitt ?_t|h) | }L*4i%*L@*i ThL_U|t W| i

T*@?t L

|i UL4T@?) Uhhi?|*) LTih@|it @?_ L |i t|@|L? t 4ThLi_ t}?€U@?|*) t?} t4T*i W LT|43@|L? 4L_i*t

6?@**)c i }i @? Lihi Lu @? @hi@ |@| U@?

uh|ih Mi 4ThLi_ ? tU ?_t|hit

ki)Lh_tG @|U hLUitt W?_t|h)c W?i?|Lh) L?|hL*c hL_U|L? *@???}





W?|hL_U|L?

ih |i *@t| 2f )i@ht @ }hi@| _i@* Lu hiti@hU igLh| @t Mii? T| ?|L |i _ii*LT4i?| Lu hL_U|L? *@???} @?_ W?i?|Lh) L?|hL* EW tLu|@hi tL*|L?t uLh _tUhi|i ? _t|hit Ai _ii*LTiht Lu |iti |LL*t @?_ |iU?^it @i U*@4i_ t}?€U@?| t@?}t ? LTih@|?} ULt|t @?_ ?Uhi@t?} Lh!?} U@T|@*

Ai Mt?ittc Liihc ? ThLUitt

?_t|hit @| *@h}ic @t ?L| U@?}i_ t}?€U@?|*) @?_ 4@?u@U|h?} T*@???} @?_ ? i?|Lh) UL?|hL* ? ?_t|h@* Th@U|Ui t t|** Th4@h*) @ 4@?@*< tThi@_tii| M@ti_ |@t! At t _itT|i |i UL?|?@* hti ? |i ?4Mih Lu tLu|@hi T@U!@}it @@*@M*i uLh W ThLM*i4t Ai *4|i_ @TT*U@|L?t Lu |iti |LL*t @i |L 4@Lh hi@tL?tG @ |i ?@|hi Lu |i ThLUitt @hit @?_ _iTi?_t i@*) TL? |i |)Ti Lu ThL_U|t ThL_Ui_( M |i 5 |LL*t _ii*LTi_ @hi 4@?*) hiiU|?} |i _tUhi|i 4@?u@U|h?} i?hL?4i?| W? |i uL**L?} i L|*?i |i ?@|hi Lu ThLUitt ?_t|h) @?_ |t 4@? _gihi?Uit Ai W5 _U|L?@h) EW5 bbD _i€?it ThLUitt 4@?u@U|h?} @t RThL_U|L? |@| @__t @*i |L 4@|ih@*t M) 4

?}c

tiT@h@|?}c

uLh4?} Lh Ui4U@* hi@U|L?t

At _i€?|L? ThL_it |i !i) i*i4i?|t |L U*@ttu) ?_t|hit i|ih @t ThLUitt< Lh @t 4@?u@U|h?}< Ai _U|L?@h) @*tL ThLTLtit @ uh|ih _t|?U|L? Mi|ii? M@|U @?_ UL?|?Lt ThLUitt?}c ihi M@|U ThLUitt?} t ?ii_i_ @t R@ 4@?u@U|h?} |iU?^i ? U ThL_U|L? t @UU4*@|i_ @?_ ThLUitti_ |L}i|ih ? @ *L|c *i UL?|?Lt L ThL_U|L? t R*L|*itt ThL_U|L? ? U ThL_U|L? Lt UL?|?Lt*) h@|ih |@? Mi?} __i_  UL4Thii?ti Lihi Lu |i 4@? ttit @| t|@!i U@? Mi uL?_ ? t@)ih i| @* EbbSc A@)*Lh i| @* EbH@( bHM t@)ih i| @* EbbS _itUhMi_ |i?|)i}| ui@|hit _t|?}t?} ThLUitt ?_t|hit uhL4 _tUhi|i ?_t|hit h 4@? uLUt ? |t T@Tih t L? |i M@|U ThLUitt ?_t|h) @?_ ihi| |i ?@|hi Lu M@|U ThLUitt?} t _tUtti_ @|U ThLUittit T*@) @ t}?€U@?| hL*i ? 4@?) tiU|Lht Lu |i ThLUitt ?_t|h) Ai) @hi 4Lt| _i*) ti_ ? |i 4@?u@U|hi Lu } @*i@__i_ ThL_U|t *!i €?i Ui4U@*t< EtU @t @__|itc Tit|U_it @?_ T@h4@Ui|U@*t U @hi ThL_Ui_ @| hi*@|i*) *L L*4it @|U Lh ti4M@|U LTih@|L?t @*tL LUUh |? 4@?) UL?|? Lt ThLUittit

?_ €?@**)c M@|U ThLUitt t @*tL ti_ ? *L@*i M| *@h}iL*4i

ThL_U|tc *!i tL@Tc @t?} TL_ihtc i|U Aiti tiU|Lht _iTi?_ L? M@|U ThLUitt?} |L 4ii| |ih }L@*t LuG



O} ThL_U| ^@*|)(



6*i

M*i ThL_U|L?c

? hitTL?ti |L |i _)?@4Ut Lu |i 4@h!i| T*@Ui @?_ |i

tTT*) @?_ _t|hM|L? U@?t( @?_

e



it| ti Lu hitLhUit

W? Lh_ih |L @Uii |i *@t| |L }L@*tc }LL_ ThL_U|L? T*@???} @?_ ?i?|Lh) UL?|hL* @hi itti?|@* |L *L}t|U@* TihuLh4@?Ui 4ThLi4i?|

OLiihc |i i

t|?} 5 |LL*t

uLh ThL_U|L? T*@???} ThLM*i4t @hi Mi||ih t|i_ uLh |i _tUhi|i 4@?u@U|h?} i? hL?4i?| Aiti ThLM*i4t U@? Mi hL}*) __i_ ?|L LtLTc LMtLT Lh LTi?tLT ThLM*i4t 6Lh M@|U ThLUitt?} T*@?|tc |t U@h@U|ih3@|L? t ?L| tUi?| t?Ui @__ |L?@* UL?t|h@?|t @?_ tTiU€U U@h@U|iht|Ut @i |L Mi |@!i? ?|L @UUL?| U hit*| uhL4 ui@|hit tU @tG



5@hi_ hitLhUit(



E5i4 UL?|?Lt ?|t(



w4|i_ UL??iU||) M) TT?} ?i|Lh!t( @?_



w4|i_ t|Lh@}i t3it

LhiLihc |i @) |i ThLUitt t LTih@|i_ @t i** @t ui@|hit Lu |i ThL_U| hiUTit 4@) 4TLti ?^i?ittc U @i |L Mi |@!i? ?|L @UUL?|c ?U*_?}G



5i^i?Ui _iTi?_i?| U@?}iLih |4it(



@?|i?@?Ui T*@?t(



+iU)U*?} Lt( @?_



hLUitt M@ti_ €

i_ M@|U t3it

Ai ThLTih|it Lu |i tMt|@?Uit Lu 4@|ih@* U@ti @__|L?@* UL?t|h@?|t tU @t *4|i_ t|Lh@}i |4i Lh *4|i_ t|Lh@}i U@T@U|)c |)TU@**) _i |L tTiU@* hi^hi4i?|t UL?Uih??} L |i 4@|ih@* 4t| Mi t|Lhi_c Lh |L t|Lh@}i U*i@??} hi^hi4i?|t

Ai

@hi|) @?_ UL4M?@|L? Lu ThLM*i4t 4@!i | _U*| |L @TT*) |i t|@?_@h_ 5 |LL*t @?_ |L tL*i |i M@|U ThLUitt ?_t|h) ThL_U|L? @?_ ?i?|Lh) UL?|hL* ThLM*i4t( tii i} Oi|t i| @* Ebb  AihiuLhic 4Lhi |@*Lh4@_i tL*|L?t @hi ?ii_i_ Ai uL**L?} tiU|L?t _itUhMi |i _ii*LT4i?| Lu W uLh @ M@|U ThLUitt ? _t|h) | } L*4i @?_ *L @*i ThL_U|t 5iU|L? 2 Thiti?|t |i UL4T@?) M@U! }hL?_ @?_ |i ?@|hi Lu |i ThLUitt 5iU|L? i

T*@?t |i tL*|L? @TThL@U 5iU|L?

e L|*?it |i _@|@ hi^hi4i?|tc *i 5iU|L? D Thiti?|t |i hit*|t Lu @TT*)?} |i @TThL@U 6?@**)c ? 5iU|L? S i Thiti?| |i UL?U*tL?t @?_ @i?it Lu 4ThLi4i?|t

D

2

L4T@?) @U!}hL?_

*@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t t |i Mt?itt ?| Lu W4Tih@* i4U@* W?_t|hit w EWW ? ,hLTi |@| 4@!it Thi#iUL ThL_U|t

Ai Thi#iUL ThL_U|t @hi 4@|ih@*t |@|

U@? Mi ti_ |L *ii*L| @? LM iU| MiuLhi _iULh@|?} |@| LM iU| *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t 4@?u@U|hit @ML| 2Df _gihi?| ThL_U|tc T@U!@}i_ ? 4Lhi |@? fff t|LU!!iiT?} ?|t E5kN
i@h*)

 *4|i_ h@?}i Lu @h|U*it

Ai Thi#iUL 4@h!i| t @ ?Ui 4@h!i| |

Ai @h|U*it U@? Mi U@h@U|ihti_ @t }L*4i%*L@*i @h|U*it

Ai |L|@* ThL_U|L? L*4i t }hL?} h@T_*) Ai Thi#iUL ThL_U|t U@? Mi __i_ ?|L uLh U@|i}LhitG TL_ihtc hi@_)4 *^_tc

@?_ L|iht

i_c

Ai TL_ih L*4it uLh |i #Wv 4@h!i| @hi th?!?} @| |i

4L4i?|c @t UL?t4iht Thiuih 4Lhi @?_ 4Lhi hi@_)4 ThL_U|tc @ UL4T@h@M*i hi@_)4

i_ ThL_U|t 6Lh 4@?) TL_ih

i_ ThL_U| @t Mii? _ii*LTi_ ? |i *@t| ui )i@ht

Ai TL_ih M@ti_ @h|U*it @i |i @_@?|@}i |@| |i ULt| ThUi uLh |i UL?t4ih t hi*@|i*) *L 6Lh _gihi?| 4 |i 4

iht 4@?u@U|hi |i TL_iht

Ai TL_ih t |h@?tTLh|i_ uhL4

iht |L ?i?|Lh) t*Lt Ai TL_ih U@? Mi |h@?tTLh|i_ uhL4 |iti ?i?|Lh) t*Lt

|L i}| _gihi?| €**?} *?it Aihi |i TL_ih t T@U!i_ ?|L U@h|L?tc M@}tc MU!i|t Lh uL* Ai hi@_)4

i_ T@t|it @hi 4@?*) 4@_i ? |Mt 6hL4 |iti |Mtc |i T@t|i U@?

Mi MhL}| |L |i? _gihi?| €**?} *?it U T@U! |i T@t|i ?|L |Mitc TL|tc ML||*it Lh U@?t Ai *^_ ThL_U|t @hi ThL_U|t | @h)?} t@*it }hL| T@||ih?t Ai *^_t @hi 4@_i @| @ tiT@h@|i T*@Ui ? |i T*@?|

6hL4 |ihi |i) @hi |h@?tTLh|i_ |L |hii

€**?} *?it M) @ ?i|Lh! Lu TTit ihi |i) @hi T@U!i_ ?|L ML||*itc U@?t Lh ihh) U@?t Ai @h|U*it UL?|@??} |i hi4@??} ThL_U|t @hi 4@?*) 4@_i i

|ih?@**)

Lt| Lu

|iti @h|U*it ?ii_ tTiU€U |iU?U@* u@U*|itc *!i T@U!@}?} ?|L tTh@) U@?tc U t ?L| TLttM*i @| *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t *tLc 4@?) ?}hi_i?|t @hi t*L4L?} @?_ U@? Mi ThL_Ui_ 4Lhi iUi?|*) M) L|iht

?L|ih T@h| t 4@_i @t ti4€?ti_ }LL_t

i*tiihic *i@?} |i *@t| ThL_U|L? t|iTt |L |i T*@?| Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t Ai @h|U*it |@| @hi 4@?u@U|hi_ M) *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t @hi tL*_ |L i}| WW t@*it ?|t ? ,hLTi *ii* Tih 5kN

?

Aiti t@*it ?|t hiTLh| |ih ii!*) t@*it @?_ |ih ?i?|Lh)

5kN *ii*c

|i t@*it ?|t @*tL

hiTLh| @ hL**?} uLhiU@t| uLh

|i

S

?i

| |i*i 4L?|t @| |i Mi}???} Lu iih) 4L?|

5L4i Lu |i t@*it ?|t ti

uLhiU@t|?} tLu|@hic i} ihU@ w?Utc @?_ L|iht ti ti*u_ii*LTi_ iht|U tL*|L?t *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t _i|ih4?it ML| @ ThL_U|L? U)U*i @?_ @ M@|U t3i uLh iih) 5kN M) i

Tihi?Ui

Ai t@*it ?|t _i|ih4?i @ t@ui|) t|LU! uLh iih) 5kN 4Lt|*)

M) @ |4itTT*) h*i

 ThL_U|L? h? t T*@??i_ L? @ U)U*i 4L4i?| i?iih |i

?i?|Lh) TLt|L? Lu |i hitTiU|i 5kN @| |i ?i |i t@ui|) t|LU!

| U)U*i 4L4i?| L*_ Mi Mi*L

At 4i@?t |@| |i hiLh_ih TL?| i^@*t |i t@ui|) t|LU! T*t |i

uLhiU@t| _h?} @ ThL_U|L? U)U*i

#iTi?_?} TL? |i uLhiU@t| _h?} |i U)U*ic |i

ThL_U|L? ^@?||) U@? Mi L?i Lh 4Lhi M@|Uit

At ThLUitt t hiTi@|i_ iih) ii!

Ai h@ @?_ T@U!@}?} 4@|ih@*t @hi Lh_ihi_ @?_ |i TiLT*i @hi hi_ M@ti_ L? |i ?uLh4@|L? Lu |i ThL_U|L? T*@?

| |i i?_ Lu i@U ii!c |i T*@???} _tL?

ThL_it @ ThL_U|L? T*@? uLh |i ?i

| ii! |L |i ThL_U|L? _tL?c U ? |h?

_iU_it L? |i ThiUti ThL_U|L? Lh_ih Ai W hi*@|i_ ThLM*i4t Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t @hi ? |L @hi@t ThL_U|L? ULt|t t@**) i

Uii_ M_}i|

6ht|*)c

5iUL?_*)c ?i?|Lh) *ii*t Lu |i 5kNt @| |i

t@*it ?|tc uLh U *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t t @*tL hitTL?tM*ic tii4 |L Mi |LL } AL tL*i |i ThLM*i4t ? |iti |L @hi@tc *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t *@?Ui_ @ t|_) |L €?_ L| |i LT|4@* M@|U t3i @?_ U)U*i *i?}| ? Lh_ih |L 4?43i |i tTT*) U@? ULt|c @?_ |i LT|4@* t@ui|) t|LU! *ii* |L 4ii| |i _ithi_ Ut|L4ih tihUi Ai tUi_*?} 4i|L_ |L Mi ThLTLti_ tL*_ uLUt L? |i uL**L?} }L@*tG



?43?} |i ?4Mih Lu U@?}iLiht @?}iLih ULt|t tL*_ Mi hi_Ui_



W?Uhi@t?} |i t|@M*|) Lu |i ThL_U|L? 4L4i?|t hLM*i4t | hi}@h_ |L ThL Uhi4i?| @?_ h?} TiLT*i tL*_ Mi hi_Ui_



#iUhi@t?} |i ?i?Ui Lu uLhiU@t|?}

Ai *@h}i _gihi?Uit Mi|ii? uLhiU@t|i_

@?_ hi@*ti_ t@*it ?L!i @ *L| Lu ThLM*i4t |L |i Uhhi?| UL?|hL*



#ii*LT?}

@?

i@t*)

?_iht|LL_

4L_i*

*@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t t hi*U|@?| |L

?it| ? @ ?i tLu|@hi tL*|L? Lh hi }*) i



#ii*LT?} @ hi@*t|U @?_ t|@M*i ThL_U|L? T*@?

Tihi?Ui_ TiLT*i

Ai ThL_U|L? T*@? 4t| Mi

UL4i 4Lhi t|@M*i Lih |4ic @?_ hi@*t|U | hi}@h_ |L |i 4@ Lht Tih €**?} *?i Tih ii!



6@U*|@|?} i@tih hi@*t@|L? Lu |i ThL_U|L? T*@?

44 ThL_U|L?

.



5L*|L? TThL@U

Ai t|h@|i}) |@| @t Mii? ThLTLti_ |L tL*i |i ThLM*i4 Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t



t @ tLU@**i_ EW > n UL?UiT|



>V



t|h@|i})c U t @ U)U*U@* ThL_U|L??i?|Lh) 4L_i**?}

Ai _i@ t @t uL**Lt Etii 6}hi 

h|U*it |@| @hi 4@_i L? |i t@4i

4@U?i @?_ @i hi*@|i tLh| U@?}iLih |4itc @hi U@**i_ @ u@4*) E?_U@|i_ M) ?_i

l

Ai *i?}| Lu |i |4i Mi|ii? ThL_U|L? t|@h|t Lu |i t@4i u@4*) l t



W c @?_ t U@**i_ @ u@4*) U)U*i n



6Lh i@U @h|U*i m |? @ u@4*) lc @ Uih|@? ?|i}ih

t _i|ih4?i_c U ?_U@|it |i ?4Mih Lu u@4*) U)U*it Mi|ii? |L tMti^i?|

 

ThL_U|L? t|@h|t Lu @h|U*i lc )i*_?} @? @h|U*i U)U*i W n



|!?t : W)L}? EbHH

ThLTLti_ @? iUi?| @*}Lh|4 |L }i?ih@|i @? LT|4@* @h|U*i U)U*i uLh i@U @h|U*i |@| 4?43it |i U@?}iLih @?_ ?i?|Lh) ULt|t

+L?_?} |i ?|i}iht n



@UULh_?} |L

|i TLihtLu|L 4i|L_ Lu UBii : )!i EbbS 4@!it |i ThL_U|L? T*@? 4Lhi t|@M*i E5*ih i| @*

EbbH

 _itUhT|L? @?_ @ U@ti @TT*U@|L? Lu |i @*}Lh|4 uLh

@ T@h4@Ui|U@* UL4T@?) ? |i i|ih*@?_t t _itUhMi_ ? @ T@Tih M) 5|hMLtU i| @*

E2ff2

Ai TTi?_

UL?|@?t @ 4i|L_ |L _i|ih4?i |i ThL_U|L? _h@|L?

Tih u@4*) Tih ThL_U|L? h? @u|ih it|@M*t?} |i tUi_*?} @?_ ti^i?U?} Lu |i u@4*it

dW?tih| 6}hi  @ML| ihio

Ai _gihi?Ui Mi|ii? |i Lh_ih T|L*ii* V



@?_ |i ?i?|Lh) TLt|L? Lu @h|U*i

m Lu u@4*) l _i|ih4?it |i ^@?||) |L ThL_Ui @| @ ThL_U|L? t|@h| ihuLh4@?Ui t 4i@thi_ M@ti_ L? L?|4i< @?_ ?u**< U hitTiU|i*) hiThiti?| S



@?_ S



Uh|ih@

OLiihc ?u**< @t @h_*) 4i@thi_ M) |i UL4T@?) AihiuLhic i ULLti |i €**







h@|i< TihuLh4@?Ui U t |i S Uh|ihL? Bi? |i S Uh|ihL? @ S tihUi i^@|L? uLh @ TihL_U ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* Lu |i |)Ti EU Mi tL*i_ |L _i|ih4?i V





 

' W n

>V



c Uu 5*ih i| @* EbbHc 4t|

 5|hMLtU i| @* E2ff2 @TT*) @ t4T*i ?4ihU@* @TThL@U

uLh |i _i|ih4?@|L? Lu |i LT|4@* Lh_ihT|L*ii* At @TThL@U @t |i @_@?|@}i |@| | U@? Mi i@t*) ThL}h@44i_ ? @ tThi@_tii| @t Thiuihhi_ M) *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t At U)U*U@* ThL_U|L??i?|Lh) 4L_i* @t Uih|@? @_@?|@}it @?_ _t@_@?|@}it ? |i @hi@ Lu |i tTT*) U@? Ai @_@?|@}it @hiG



+i_U|L?

Lu

U@?}iLih |4it G

M) Uhi@|?} @ ti^i?Ui ? U @h|U*it |

hi*@|i*) tLh| U@?}iLih |4it @hi ThL_Ui_ L?i @u|ih @?L|ihc |i ?4Mih Lu *@h}i U@?}iLiht @?_ |t |i |L|@* U@?}iLih |4i U@? Mi hi_Ui_

H



W?Uhi@ti Lu U@T@U|) G hi_U?} |L|@* U@?}iLih |4i L? @ 4@U?i hit*|t ? 4Lhi U@T@U|) |L t@|tu) Ti@! _i4@?_



@|ih@*t hi^hi4i?| t 4Lhi Thi_U|@M*i G €

|i u|hi ThL_U|L? 4L4i?|t @hi

i_ ? |i T*@???}( |i tTT*iht U@? Mi ?uLh4i_ ? @_@?Ui @ML| |i 4L4i?|t

|@| L?i ?ii_t Uih|@? 4@|ih@*t



5|@M*|) Lu |i Lh! *L@_ @?_ |i Lh! uLhUi hi^hi4i?| G

|i |4i Mi|ii? |L

ThL_U|L? h?t t ?i@h*) t|@M*i @?_ |i @h|U*it |@| @hi ThL_Ui_ @hi ih) t4*@h iih) U)U*i( |i ThL_U|L? TiLT*i ** Mi *itt _t|hMi_ M) _i*@) @?_ t|hitt



Lhi hLMt| ThL_U|L? tUi4i G U@??L| Mi ThL_Ui_ Ei}

i?iih @ Uih|@? @h|U*i _Lit ?L| @i |L Lh

_i |L |i *@U! Lu h@ 4@|ih@*t _h?} @ ThL_U|L?

U)U*ic |i ThL_U|L? T*@? hi4@?t |i t@4i



+i_U|L? Lu |i *i@_ |4i uLh Ut|L4ih Lh_iht G

t?Ui |i T*@??i_ ThL_U|L?

4L4i?|t @hi !?L? ? @_@?Uic |i *i@_ |4i hi*@M*|) t ?Uhi@ti_ @?_ Ut|L4iht U@? T*@Ui |ih Lh_iht *@|ih(

|ihiuLhi Ut|L4ih U)U*i T*t t@ui|) t|LU! U@? Mi

hi_Ui_



i||ih |h@?tTLh| *L@_ G

|i t|@M*|) Lu |i ThL_U|L? tUi4i *i@_t |L @ Mi||ih

_t|hM|L? T*@? Lu |i @h|U*itc tL |i |h@?tTLh| *L@_ ** Mi }ih



,@ti Lu ti G |i T@h@4i|iht Lu |i 4L_i* U@? i@t*) Mi U@*U*@|i_ ? @ tThi@_tii|

Ai _t@_@?|@}it @hiG



LttM*i ?Uhi@ti Lu |i ?i?|Lh) G

|i U)U*U@* T*@? 4@) t}}it| @? ?Uhi@ti ?

@ih@}i M@|U t3i ? Lh_ih |L hi@*3i t@?}t L? U@?}iLih |4it( ? |@| U@ti |i @ih@}i ?i?|Lh) *ii* 4@) ?Uhi@ti



+i}*@h @_t|4i?| Lu |i T*@? G @t _i4@?_ t t@**) ?L| t|@|L?@h)c |i T*@? 4t| Mi hiU@*U*@|i_ hi}*@h*)

O@?} _i|ih4?i_ |i ThL_U|L? U)U*it @?_ |i Lh_ihT|L*ii*t Lu |i @h|U*it |? i@U u@4*)c |i u@4*it @?_ |i @h|U*it t|** @i |L Mi tUi_*i_

Ai LT|4@* ThL

_U|L? ti^i?Ui Lu |i _gihi?| u@4*it ?ii_t |L Mi _i|ih4?i_ M@ti_ L? |i 4|@* U@?}iLih |4it Aihi @hi _gihi?| 4i|L_t @TT*U@M*i |L tL*i |t ThLM*i4G



Nti @? @t)44i|hU |h@i**?} t@*it4@? @*}Lh|4 Ew@*ih i| @* bHD

b



Ai t3i Lu |i T@U!@}i U@? Mi @ Uh|ihL? ?i U@? t|@h| | |i t4@**it| T@U!@}it @?_ |i? }h@_@**) 4Li |L |i *@h}it| L?it



Nti |i i

Tihi?Ui |? |i UL4T@?) |L LM|@? @ }LL_ ti^i?Ui

`i? |i

?4Mih Lu u@4*it t t4@** @?_ |i U@?}iLih |4it _L ?L| U@?}i |LL Lu|i?c L?i }LL_ LT|L? t |L _i|ih4?i @ }LL_ ti^i?Ui M) @?_

W? |i U@ti Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t | t ih) i@t) |L _i|ih4?i |i LT|4@* ThL_U|L? ti^i?Ui Lu |i _gihi?| u@4*it MiU@ti |i 4|@* U@?}iLih |4it @hi 4Lhi Lh *itt |i t@4i Ai @TTi?_

_itUhMit @? @TThL@U |L _i|ih4?i |i ThL_U|L? h? |4it

Lu i@U u@4*) M@ti_ L? |i u@4*) ThL_U|L? h@|it @?_ |L|@* _i4@?_ Tih )i@hc @4L?} L|iht

e

#@|@ hi^hi4i?|t

Ai _@|@ hi^hi_ |L _i|ih4?i |i LT|4@* ThL_U|L? U)U*it UL?|@?t |i uL**L?} T@h@4i|ihtG

G y

|i )i@h*) uLhiU@t| uLh @h|U*i m |? u@4*) l



|i ULt| ThUi Lu @h|U*i m |? u@4*) l



|i 4?Lh ti|T ULt| Lu @h|U*i m |? u@4*) l

d

D u





|i 4@ Lh ti|T ULt| Lu u@4*) l |i ?i?|Lh) ULt| Tih ihL ?it|i_ ? ?i?|Lh) Tih )i@h

Ai 4?Lh ti|T Ei} U@?}?} *@Mi*t ULt|t UL?tt|t Lu @| *i@t| uLh UL4TL?i?|t ,@U U@?}iLih ULt|t |4i _h?} U ThL_U|L? t|LTtc *i@_?} |L *@MLh ULt|

@?_ *Ltt

Lu U@T@U|) ELTTLh|?|) ULt| i?iih h???} U*Lti |L u***L@_ U@T@U|)( ML| @| |i t|@h| @?_ |i i?_ Lu @ ThL_U|L? h? 4@|ih@* t *Lt| MiU@ti |i T@U!@}it @hi ?L| u** @?_ |ihiuLhi ?t@*i@M*iG

4@|ih@* ULt| ( uLh i@U ThL_U|L? t|@h|c @ *u| |hU! _hih

@t |L Mh?} ?i 4@|ih@*t @?_ hit|Lhi |i 4@|ih@*t Lu |i *@t| h?G

ULt| Lu ?|ih?@*

*L}t|Ut ( u @ 4?Lh ti|T ?U*_it U*i@??}c |i U@?}iLih *i@_t |L U*i@??} ULt|t Ai 4@ Lh ti|T Ei} U@?}?} |i T@U!@}i t3i ULt| UL?tt|t Lu @| *i@t| |L UL4TL?i?|t  4@Lh ti|T 4@?*) |@!it |4ic @}@? *i@_?} |L *@MLh ULt|

@?_ *Ltt Lu U@T@U|)

ELTTLh|?|) ULt|( u | ?U*_it U*i@??}c |i ti|T *i@_t |L *@MLh @?_ hi4L@* ULt|t Ai UL4TL?i?|t Lu |i ?i?|Lh) ULt|t @hi uLhuL*_G U@T|@* ULt| E?i?|Lh) t T@h| Lu |i Lh!?} U@T|@*( ht! ULt| E?i?|Lh) 4@) MiUL4i LMtL*i|i M) |iU?U@* Lh iUL?L4U

f

hi@tL?t( t|Lh@}i ULt|

E4Lt| ?i?|Lh) t t|Lhi_ @| hi_ T*@Uitc tL |t UL4TL?i?| t

i@t) |L _i|ih4?i( ?th@?Ui EtihUi  ULt|t Ai uL**L?} i

|h@ _@|@ t ?iUitt@h) |L _i|ih4?i |i Lh_ihT|L *ii*tG

S



E_i

thi_ tihUi *ii*c O E*i@_ |4ic Y EO E*i@_ |4i @h@?Uic Y EG E_i4@?_ @h@?Ui Ai *i@_ |4i UL?tt|t Lu ThL_U|L? |4ic ThL_U|L? _i*@)c @|?} |4i uLh |h@?tTLh|c @?_ |h@?tTLh| |4i

D

+it*|t @?_ _tUttL?

Ai €?@?U@* Mi?i€|t uLh *@M@t|?i @TTi@hi_ |L Mi *@h}i i? 4T*i4i?|?} |i ThL TLti_ U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i**?} UL?UiT|  ULt| hi_U|L? Lu fDcfff ihL UL*_ Mi hi@*3i_ L? @ |L|@* ULt| Lu fcfff ihL E 2I uLh |L @?@*)ti_ ThL_U|L? *?it E€**?}c T@U!@}?}c *@Mi*?} W| @t it|4@|i_ |@| |i ULt| hi_U|L? L? |i L|ih ThL _U|L? *?it L*_ Mi @| *i@t| 2DIc U L*_ *i@_ |L @ |L|@* i Lu 4Lhi |@? L?i 4**L? ihL Tih )i@h

TiU|i_ ULt| hi_U|L?

Ai ?it|4i?| |@| *@M@t|?i tL*_ 4@!i

|L 4T*i4i?| |i U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i**?} UL?UiT| t ?i}*}M*i Lu |i ?it|4i?| i

Lt|

Ti?ti ** Mi 4@_i uLh U@?}it ? |i ,+ t)t|i4 Lu *@M@t|?i

|L 4@!i |i 4T*i4i?|@|L? TLttM*i( Liihc |Lti i |i hi|hi?U4i?|t hi|h? iih) )i@h

Ai }i?ih@* @_@?|@}it Lu |i U)U*U@* ThL_U

|L? 4L_i* @hi @*hi@_) _itUhMi_ ? 5iU|L? 2 hi@*3@M*i @?_ t|@M*i ThL_U|L? T*@?

Ti?tit ** Mi 4@_i L?Ui *i

Ai ThLTLti_ UL?UiT| *i@_t |L @ 4Lhi

Ai ti Lu |i TLihtLu|L 4i|L_ 4@!it |

hi*@|i*) i@t) |L tUi_*i @h|U*it uLh U n



A  Ai U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh)

4L_i* *i@_t |L @ U*Ltih hi@*t@|L? Lu |i ThL_U|L? T*@?

@?@}?} |i ThL_U|L?

T*@? t i@tih _i |L |i t|@M*|) @?_ hLMt|?itt Lu |( itTiU@**) |i *@MLh T*@???} ** Mi *itt UL4T*i

G |i ti^i?Ui Lu @U||it L? |i tLh| |ih4 t !?L? ? @_@?Uic

@U@|L?t U@? Mi Mi||ih T*@??i_ Ai igiU| Lu |i U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* @t Mii? |it|i_ L? |L Lu |i |i?|)|L €**?} *?it Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t Ai €ht| t uLh TL_ih @h|U*it @?_ |i L|ih uLh hi@_)4

i_ @h|U*it #i|ih4??} |i Lh_ihT|L *ii*t hi^hit @ 4L_i* uLh

|i _i4@?_ _t|hM|L?

`i ti_ |i }@44@ _t|hM|L? uLh |i ii!*) t@*it @t uLh

HfI Lu eH Eh@?_L4*) ULti? @h|U*it ThL_Ui_ L? |L €**?}*?itc |i }LL_?ittLu€|



" |it| t|@|t|U )i*_i_ @ ?L?t}?€U@?| hit*| @|  ' f=fD 

Ai Uhhi?| t|@|L? Ai €ht| *?i ThL_Uit S _gihi?| TL_ih @h|U*itc U @hi __i_ ?|L |hii u@4*itc M@ti_ L? |i U@?}iLih |4it Mi|ii? |i _gihi?| t3it Lu |i T@U!@}it



hi?|*)c @** @h|U*it Lu L?i Lu |i u@4*it @t @ U)U*i |4i Lu L?i ii! @h|U*it Lu |i L|ih |L u@4*it @i @ U)U*i Lu t

ii!tc i

Lt|

UiT| tL4i @h|U*it

|@| @i @ U)U*i Lu ??i ii!t Ai tiUL?_ *?i ThL_Uit S2 _gihi?| T@t|i @h|U*it |@| U@? Mi __i_ ?|L tii? u@4*itc M@ti_ L? |i U@?}iLih |4it Mi|ii? |i _gihi?| ThL_U|t ** |i @h|U*it Lu |iti u@4*it @i @ U)U*i Lu |hii ii!t ? |i Uhhi?| t|@|L? W? @__|L? |L |i ThL_U|L? U)U*itc *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t € uLh iih) @h|U*i Aiti M@|U t3it @hi @TThL

it @ M@|U t3i

4@|i*) i^@* |L |i )i@h*) uLhiU@t|

|4it |i @h|U*i U)U*i |4i ? )i@htc @TT*)?} @ tLU@**i_ |4itTT*) h*i iU@ti *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t @t _iU_i_ |L ThL_Ui L?*) u** M@|Uitc ?L| iih) @h|U*i @t |L Mi ThL_Ui_ iih) U)U*i

W? Th@U|Ui L?i U@? ii? LMtihi t|@|L?t ?

U L?*) |L Lh |hii @h|U*it Lu @ u@4*) Lu |i*i @h|U*it @hi ThL_Ui_ ? L?i U)U*i

t U@? Mi LMtihi_c |i @h|U*i U)U*i |4it @hi h@|ih @hM|h@hi*) _iU_i_

t tUc |t ThL_U|L? t|h@|i}) t L?i TLttM*i hi@tL? |@| |i ?i?|Lh) Lu |i 5kN
?L|ih hi@tL? t |i ti Lu @ |4itTT*) h*i |L _i|ih4?i |i

t@ui|) t|LU! Lu @ @h|U*i At _iUtL? h*i t i@t)c M| _Lit ?L| |@!i ?|L @UUL?| |i _i4@?_ @h@?Ui Lu @? @h|U*i

Ai Uhhi?| @) Lu Lh!?} *i@_t |L @ |L|@*

)i@h*) ULt| uLh ThL_U|L? EU@?}iLiht T*t ?i?|Lh) Lu fcfff ihL



Ai U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* TT*)?} |i ThLUi_hit Lu |!?t : W)L}? EbHH @?_ UBii : )!i EbbS i _i|ih4?i_ @ u@4*) M@ti U)U*i Lu tii? ii!t uLh |i €ht| *?i @?_ @h|U*i U)U*i |4it Lu .c e @?_ 2H ii!t

6Lh D.I Lu |i @h|U*it | L*_t |@| |i iUL?L4U

Lh_ih ^@?||) t *@h}ih |@? |i Uhhi?| M@|U t3i

#i |L |t hit*| @?_ |L

|i @M@?_L?4i?| Lu |i |4itTT*) h*ic |i U@?}iLih ULt|t U@? Mi hi_Ui_ | eecfff ihL @?_ |i ?i?|Lh) ULt| U@? Mi hi_Ui_ | bcfff ihL |L|@*c e2I ULt| hi_U|L? Lh S cfff ihL U@? Mi hi@*3i_ L? |i €ht| *?i

W?

At

ULt| hi_U|L? t 4@?*) |i igLh| Lu |i *@h}ih ThL_U|L? U)U*it Lu |i @h|U*it |@| @i @ Uhhi?| ThL_U|L? U)U*i Lu L?i ii!

`i _i|ih4?i_ @ u@4*) M@ti

U)U*i Lu ??i ii!t uLh |i tiUL?_ *?i hit*|?} ? @h|U*i U)U*i |4it Lu bc Hc S @?_ .2 ii!t

`| hi}@h_ |L |i Uhhi?| ThL_U|L? U)U*i | t ?L| thTht?}

|@| |i iUL?L4U Lh_ih ^@?||) t *@h}ih |@? |i Uhhi?| M@|U t3i uLh H2I Lu |i @h|U*it

Ai ULt| hi_U|L? ? U@?}iLih ULt|t |@| U@? Mi @Uii_ @|

|t *?i t cfff ihL t bcfff ihL

Ai ULt| hi_U|L? | hi}@h_ |L |i ?i?|Lh) ULt|t

W? |L|@* 2DI ULt| hi_U|L? Lh e2cfff ihL U@? Mi hi@*3i_ L? |i

2

tiUL?_ *?i t 2I

At |L|@* ULt| hi_U|L? L? |i |L *?it t S cfffne2cfff U

Ai ULt| hi_U|L? |@| *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t U@? @Uii L? |i L|ih

2f €**?} *?it t i

TiU|i_*) @hL?_ 2DI

L L|ih €**?} *?i @t *Lih Uhhi?|

ThL_U|L? U)U*it @?_ M@|U t3it |@? |i €ht| *?i

Ai 4T*i4i?|@|L? Lu |i

U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* L*_ *i@_ |L @ _iUhi@ti Lu |i ?i?|Lh) Lu *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?tc M| |i _iUhi@ti Lu |i ?4Mih Lu U@?}iLiht hi_Uit ULt|t 4Lt| 6h|ih4Lhic ?ihLt?itt ? |i u@U|Lh) ** _iUhi@ti hit*|?} ? *itt t|hitt @4L?} |i ThL_U|L? TiLT*i

544@h3?}c i U@? UL?U*_i |@| *@M@t|?i Tih@|L?t @t 4@?*) Mii? 4? 43?} |i 4?Lh ti|Tt ULt|t ?t|i@_ Lu |i |L|@* ti|T |4i ULt|t AL}i|ih | |i |4i tTT*) h*i |@| t ti_ |L _i|ih4?i |i t@ui|) t|LU! *ii*tc |t hit*|i_ ? } ?i?|Lh) *ii*t | @ } ht! Lu ?t@*i@M*i ?i?|Lhit

W4ThLi4i?| LTTLh|?|it u|ih 4T*i4i?|?} |i U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* tL4i 4ThLi4i?| t|iTt uLh @ Mi||ih TihuLh4@?Ui 4@) Mi ?iUitt@h) |@| UL*_ ?L| Mi i

5L4i Lu |Lti t|iTt hi^hi @ ULt| igLh|

Thitti_ ? |i 4L_i*G



W4ThLi |i UL44?U@|L? Mi|ii? |i _gihi?| _iT@h|4i?|t Lu |i UL4T@?)(



hL_Ui uLhiU@t|t Lih |i t@4i TihL_ @t t ti_ ? |i ,+ t)t|i4(



#L ?L| ?U*_i @U|L? @h|U*it Lh @h|U*it | @? hhi}*@h T@||ih? ?|L |i 4L_i*(



+iU@*U*@|i |i T@h@4i|iht Lu |i 4L_i* i?iih |i hi@*ti_ Ut|L4ih tihUi t |LL *L Lh |LL }(



W?it|}@|i |i TLttM*|it |L hi_Ui |i U@?}iLih |4it( @?_



@?}i |i Uhhi?| ULt| @UUL?|?} t)t|i4 |L U||) @ti_ Lt| @UUL?|?}

Ai U)U*U@* ThL_U|L? ?i?|Lh) 4L_i* 4@) Mi ?@TThLTh@|i E@?_ ?ii_t |L Mi @_ t|i_ i?c i}G



Ai t}}it|i_ ThL_U|L? ^@?||it @hi |LL *L |L }@h@?|ii @? i

UiT|i_ *ii* Lu

^@*|)( @?_



Ai |L|@* U@?}iLih |4i ?Uhi@tit |L @ *ii* |@| 4@!it | 4TLttM*i |L ThL_Ui @** |i @h|U*it |@| @hi L? |i ThL_U|L? T*@? Etii |i @hLt @tt4T|L?t ? |i TTi?_





S

L?U*tL?t

W? |t T@Tih i _tUtti_ |@| @_@?Ui_ T*@???} @?_ tUi_*?} t)t|i4t @hi ?L| Lu |i? ti_ ? Th@U|Ui ? |i ThLUitt ?_t|h) L44ihU@* tLu|@hi tL*|L?t @hi 4Lt|*) ?|ih@U|i t4*@|L?< |LL*tc Lh iht|Utc |L tTTLh| |i tih Lt| Lu |iti *@U! |i ?ULhTLh@|L? Lu @_@?Ui_ ?i?|Lh) UL?|hL* 4L_i*t @?_ @hi _it}?i_ uLh _tUhi|i ?_t |h) Ai @MLi U@ti _tUttL? TL?|t |L@h_ |i ?ii_ uLh @ 4Lhi |LhL} ?it|}@|L? Lu |i tTiU€U|it Lu T*@???} 4L_i*t ? ThLUitt ?_t|hit W? T@h|U*@hc | t itti?|@* |L _it}? @ ThL_U|L? T*@???} @?_ ?i?|Lh) UL?|hL*t)t|i4 t?} @ €?ih _itUhT|L? Lu |i ThL_U|L? ThLUitt |ti*u |? *L?} @?_ tLh||ih4 T*@???} Lh3L?t Ai T@Tih @*tL tLt |@| |@*Lh4@_i W tL*|L?t U@? Mi t4T*i @?_ i@t*) ?_iht|LL_ M) |i tiht

5U |LL*t @hi ?Uhi@t?}*) ?ii_i_ ? |i W _iUtL?4@!?} ThLUitt uLh |i

ThLUitt ?_t|h) Ai @TThL@U U@? Mi i@t*) 4T*i4i?|i_ ? @ tThi@_tii|c @ u@4*@h @?_ tihuhi?_*) i?hL?4i?| uLh |i ThL_U|L? T*@??iht

OLTiu**)c |t Lh! **

Tiht@_i hi@_iht |L _ii*LT 4Lhi |@*Lh4@_i tL*|L?t @?_ 4i|L_L*L}) |L tL*i |i W ThLM*i4t ? _gihi?| tiU|Lht Lu ThLUitt ?_t|h)

e

+iuihi?Uit W5 #U|L?@h) bbD W5c 6@**t hU EN5c H| i_|L?

t@)ihc ac  Aii*i?c `a 5i*i? bbS L4T|ih?|i}h@|i_ 4@?u@U|h?} ? |i Ui4U@* ?_t|h) hL_U|L? @?_ W?i?|Lh) @?@}i4i?| aLh?@* .E D2 D.

|!?tc #c  W)L}? EbHHc ihL_U ihtt U@? Lh_ih TL*Uit uLh ULLh_?@|i_ 4*| |i4 ?i?|Lh) t)t|i4t @?@}i4i?| 5Ui?Ui eES .b.bS

Oi|tc +ac  i_iht|}|c ` +LiMhLi!c `a 5i*i? | T@U!@}?} ? |i ThLUitt ?_t|h)

bb 

*|ThL_U| U)U*?}

TT*i_ @|i4@|U@* L_i* *?}

.Eb

eHDeb

w@*ihc ,wc ak wi?t|h@c OB +??LL) k@?c # 54L)t

bHD

Ai |h@i*?}

t@*it4@? ThLM*i4 aL? `*i) : tL?tc i vLh!

UBiic V,c #6 )!i bbS ihL_U ThL_U|L? tUi_*?} @| @ u@t|i?ih 4@?u@U |hih W?|ih?@|L?@* aLh?@* Lu hL_U|L? ,UL?L4Ut eSe. SDH.

5*ihc ,_@h_ c #6 )!ic + i|ihtL? bbH W?i?|Lh) @?@}i4i?| @?_ hL_U |L? *@???} @?_ 5Ui_*?}c `*i)c i vLh!

5|hMLtUc w`Bc +a Oi|tc wa w|i? 2ff2 )U*U@* T@U!@}?} T*@???} @| @ T@h4@Ui|U@* UL4T@?) W?|ih?@|L?@* aLh?@* Lu Tih@|L?t : hL_U|L? @?@}i4i?| 22ED DebDSe

A@)*Lhc 5Bc 5 5i@h_c 56 L*@?_ih

bH@

`) |i ThLUitt ?_t|hit @hi

_gihi?| hL_U|L? @?_ W?i?|Lh) @?@}i4i?| aLh?@* 22Ee b2e

A@)*Lhc 5B c5 5i@h_c 56 L*@?_ihc + Oi@h_

bHM

hLUitt ?_t|h) ThL

_U|L? @?_ ?i?|Lh) T*@???} uh@4iLh!G @ t44@h) hL_U|L? @?_ W?i?|Lh) @?@}i4i?| aLh?@* 22E D 2

D

TTi?_ G

#i|ih4?@|L? Lu |i ThL_U|L? _h@|L? Eh? |4i Tih u@4*) Tih ThL

_U|L? h? ?_ih |i UL?_|L? Lu ?L U@T@U|) hit|hU|L?t @?_ @tt4?} ?L U@?}it ? _i4@?_ 4 

L|@|L?G U



G W



S

ThL_U|L? h@|i uLh u@4*)  E?U*_?} |i 4?Lh ti|Tt

r%4@U?iLh

G

|L|@* _i4@?_ uLh u@4*)  Tih )i@h

r





V

G







u@4*) M@ti U)U*i Lu u@4*)  E@tt4i W

G

ti|T |4i uLh u@4*)  E!?L? @u|ih ti^i?U?} |i u@4*it

4@U?iLh

G

|L|@* hi^hi_ ThL_U|L? h? |4i uLh u@4*)  Tih )i@h

4@U?iLh

E?U* ti|Tt tt4T|L?G DS G QV SW





G G

S

S



' f  i > i



G

5 Q

4@U?iLh

 DS

|L|@* @@*@M*i ThL_U|L? |4i Tih )i@h

4@U?iLh

4Mih Lu E4@Lh ti|Tt uLh u@4*)  Tih ThL_U|L?tUi_*i

r

u@4*) ThL_U|L? h? |4i Lu u@4*)  Tih ThL_U|L? h?

4@U?iLh

E?U* ti|Tt O G

*i?}| Lu hiTi@|?} T@||ih? Lu u@4*) ThL_U|L?tc i *i?}| Lu ThL_U|L?tUi_*i EO ' 4@



iW j u i





' 2

> s



5 Q

4@U?iLh

tt4i |@|

O ' QV





 W >

uLh @** l

E

Ai |L|@* ThL_U|L? h?|4i Tih )i@h t |i t4 Lu |i hi^hi_ 4ihi ThL_U|L? |4i E?U*_?} 4?Lh ti|Tt @?_ 4@Lh ti|T |4i



S



G

'

n QV



U



 V





S

S



O

Lhc t?} Ec

S



G

'

U





n

V W







[

S

544?} Lih l )i*_t [



S

'

S

 

tt4?} [

V @W

[

S





? 

@?_



? DS



G @U S





V @W





E2

S

i }i|

S



'

G U





n

V W







S

 



G @U S





V @W



Ai uh@U|L? Lu |4i uLh ThL_U|L? Lu u@4*) l Tih )i@h i^@*t |i uh@U|L? Lu |4i uLh ThL_U|L? Lu u@4*) l Tih ThL_U|L? U)U*i AihiuLhi S S



S



'

SW



 QV



E 

O

L4M??} E2 @?_ E  i €?@**) }i|

SW



S





O  E  V @W  S '  S QV  G @U









.

6}hi G Ai ThLTLti_ @TThL@U

Production Planning & Inventory Control

Family Cycle Scheduling & Sequencing

Article Cycle Sequencing

A D

C

H

a@*@* t@)ih t ThLuittLh Lu 5TT*) @? @?@}i4i?| Oi @t @ # ? W?_t|h@* ,?}?iih?} @?@}i4i?| uhL4 k@|L*i!i N?iht|i| wii?c i*}4 |@? b )i@ht i

Oi @t 4Lhi

Tihi?Ui |i@U?} @?_ @_t?} 4@?u@U|h?} Lh}@?3@|L?t |hL}

|i 4@?@}ih@* @?_ |iU?U@* U@?}it hi^hi_ |L }@? @*i uhL4 t?} 4@?@}i4i?| i?}?iih?} !?L*i_}i @?_ ?uLh4@|L? hitLhUit |L Thti ^@*|)c ThL_U||) @?_ i

M*|) Oi @t UL**@MLh@|i_ | UL4T@?it hiThiti?|?} @ MhL@_ @hh@) Lu 4@?u@U

|h?} @?_ tihUi ?_t|hit

+_ Oi|t }h@_@|i_ | @? 5 @?_ # ? iUL?L4i|hUt uhL4 A*Mh} N?iht|) ? Ai i|ih*@?_t

t @? @ttLU@|i ThLuittLh ? "@?||@|i wL}t|Ut @| A*Mh}

N?iht|) i t tTiht?} t|_i?|t L @hi Lh!?} L? i

|ih?@* Mt?itt ThL iU|t @?_

t |i@U?} L? LTih@|L?t 4@?@}i4i?| @?_ 4@?@}i4i?| tUi?Ui

| |i 4L4i?| i

hi|hi_ uhL4 ?iht|) |L tTi?_ 4Lhi |4i L? U*|h@* *uic tU @t t|?} UL?Uih|t @?_ 4ti4tc @?_ hi@_?} MLL!t L? t|LhU@* ii?|t

O@hh) w@?t_@@* t i@_ Lu |i _iT@h|4i?| ?i?|Lh) 4@?@}i4i?| Lu 5)?|iU V Oi L*_t t 4@t|ih _i}hii ? ,UL?L4i|hUt : Tih@|L?t +iti@hU uhL4 A*Mh} N?iht|) u|ih i €?ti_ t t|_)c i t|@h|i_ |L Lh! uLh 5)?|iU V t i** @t t Lh!c O@hh) *!it |h@i**?}c U)U*?} @?_ M@**hLL4 _@?U?}

wiL 5|hMLtU t @? @ttt|i?| ThLuittLh Lu wL}t|Ut @?@}i4i?| ? |i #iT@h|4i?| Lu ,UL?L4i|hUt : Tih@|L?t +iti@hU @| A*Mh} N?iht|) Oi L*_t @? ,?}?iih?} #i}hii uhL4 |i AiU?U@* N?iht|) Lu ,?_Li? @?_ @ # ? i_U@* 5|@|t|Ut uhL4 |i N?iht|) Lu @@t|hU| Oi @t tTiU@* ?|ihit| uLh t|@|t|Utc ?i?|Lh) 4@? @}i4i?|c ThL}h@44?} @?_ t44?}