Chest CT Protocols - VCU Radiology Resident Resources

Scan extends from thoracic inlet through adrenal glands Scanner effective mAs (Reg-Lg)...

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Chest CT Protocols Revisions Effective January 2012 Chest 1: Pulmonary Nodule Follow-up: Low-Dose Helical CT (Unenhanced) (Non-metastatic)

Technologist Instructions

Technique

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions Patient imaged supine with arms elevated over head to minimize beamhardening artifact Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a breathe in and stop breathing Scan extends from thoracic inlet through adrenal glands Primary Scout performed in PA projection (tube at gantry bottom, patient supine) to minimize breast dose Repeat any scans with motion

kV

Siemens Sensation 64 64 x 0.6 (beam collimation 32 x 0.6) 100 (≤180 LBS) 120 (180-250 LBS) 140 (>250 LBS)

Gantry Rotation Time

0.33 sec

mAs (Reg-Lg)

40-80

Scanner effective mAs (Reg-Lg)

25-50

Detector Collimation (mm) (T)

0.6 mm

Number of active channels (N)

32

Detector configuration (N x T) Collimation (on operator console)

32 x 0.6 mm 64 x 0.6 mm

Image Sequence Table incrementation (mm/rotation) (I) Pitch ([mm/rotation]/beam collimation) (I/NT) Table Speed (mm/second) Scan Time (40 cm thorax) Nominal Reconstructed Slice Width Reconstruction Interval Reconstruction Algorithm CTDI vol (Dose in mGy) DFOV = smallest diameter of the chest wall that will completely contain the lung parenchyma as measured from the widest point of outer rib to outer rib Care Dose

Cr-Ca 19.2 mm

Breast Shield PACS / TerraRecon/ Vitrea (for lung nodule volumetric analysis)

Will not be applied Yes

1.0 mm 38.4 mm/sec 11 sec 3 mm 3 mm B40 1.9-3.8 mGy

Off”

In addition to the axial soft tissue (B40f) and lung (B60f) window reconstructions, perform the following recons: Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) (B60f) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Lung Window (B60f)

Chest CT Protocols Revisions Effective January 2012 Chest 2: Routine Chest CT (CECT) Chest CT alone or in combination with Abdomen/Pelvis CT Order Chest 2

Routine Chest

Clinical Indications Lung Cancer Staging Lymphoma Staging Solitary Lung Nodule Evaluation (Baseline) Cancer Follow-up Baseline Baseline Metastatic Work-up Fever Unknown Origin (FUO) Work-up Abscess Work-up Non-Opportunistic Lung Infections Air-space Disease (ASD) Non-resolving ASD Pleural Effusion Empyema Malignant Pleural Disease Chest Wall Disease Post-Thoracotomy (non-vascular) Mediastinal Abnormalities (e.g., thymoma, vocal cord paralysis, etc)

Technologist Instructions Available CXR within 1 month

kVp

1st (Soft-tissues) 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

mAs

130

Rotation time

0.33s

Technique

2nd (Lung)

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions

Collimation

24 x 1.2mm

Scan extends from thoracic inlet through adrenal glands Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a small breathe in and stop breathing

Slice Width

3.0mm

Pitch

0.75

Repeat any scans with motion

Kernel

B40f Medium

B60f Sharp

Increments Image Sequence FOV

3.0mm Cr-Ca Tailored to patient 3.0ml/sec 80 ml Omni 350 30 ml saline flush 40 sec “On”

3.0mm Cr-Ca Same

Injection Rate

Prep Time (delay) Care Dose Breast Shield

Appropriate patients after scout acquired

PACS

Yes

3.0mm

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) (B60F) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Lung Window (B60F)

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 3: Unenhanced Routine Chest CT Chest 3

Routine Chest

Clinical Indications Any routine CECT clinical indication but in the setting of abnormal laboratory parameters (e.g., eGFR; creatinine, etc) Multiple myeloma Acute Sickle Cell Crisis Solitary Lung Nodule Follow-up Chest Wall Disease

Technologist Instructions Scan extends from thoracic inlet through adrenal glands

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a breathe in and stop breathing Repeat any scans with motion Available CXR within 1 month

kVp

1st (Soft-tissues) 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

mAs

130

Rotation time Collimation

0.33s 24 x 1.2mm

Slice Width

3.0mm

Pitch

0.75

Kernel

B40f Medium 3.0mm Cr-Ca Tailored to

Technique

Increments Image Sequence FOV

2nd (Lung)

3.0mm

B60f Sharp 3.0mm Cr-Ca Same

patient Injection Rate Prep Time (delay) Care Dose Breast Shield

PACS

“On” Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) (B60F) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Lung Window (B60F)

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 4: CTA Pulmonary Angiography (CTA) (Preference: Flash Scanner)

Chest 4

CTA Pulmonary Angiography (CTA)

Clinical Indications

Primary diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Follow-up evaluation of previously diagnosed Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Evaluation of candidates for possible Pulmonary Thromboendartectomy Evaluation of Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolic disease (Chronic PE) Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) Technologist Instructions Available CXR same day if acute PE workup; otherwise within 1 month

kVp

1st (Soft-tissues) 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

mAs

130

Rotation time Collimation

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm

Technique

Patient “must cough” several times if capable prior to scan to clear secretions Breathing: Slice Width hyperventilate x3; Take a

2.0mm

2nd (Lung)

2.0mm

breathe in and stop breathing Pitch Kernel

0.9 B31f medium-smooth ++

Increments Image Sequence FOV Injection Rate

Prep Time (delay)

Care Dose Breast Shield

PACS

1.0mm Cr-Ca Tailored to patient 4.0ml/sec 80-100 ml Isovue 370 + 30 ml saline chaser Bolus Tracking Trigger @ Main Pulmonary Artery @ 200HU “On” Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

B70f very sharp 1.0mm

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: SoftTissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Softtissue Window

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 5: CTA Thoracic Aortography (CTA): Acute Dissection (Preference: Flash Scanner)

Chest 5

CTA Thoracic Angiography (CTA)

Clinical Indications

Thoracic Aorta Dissection (baseline and follow-up without stent graft) Thoracic Aorta Aneurysms (baseline and follow-up without stent graft) Atheromatous disease and Penetrating Ulcers Intramural Hematoma (baseline and follow-up without stent graft) Aortitis Technologist Technique Instructions Available CXR kVp same day if acute workup; otherwise within 1 mAs month Rotation time Patient Collimation “must cough” several times if capable prior to scan to clear secretions Breathing: Slice Width hyperventilate x3; Take a breathe in and stop breathing

1st Unenhanced 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

2nd Enhanced 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

130

130

0.33s 24 x 1.2mm

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm

5.0mm

2.0mm

Pitch Kernel

0.9

0.9 B40f

B25f Smooth

Medium

Increments Image Sequence FOV Injection Rate

5.0mm Cr-Ca Tailored to patient N/A

Prep Time (delay)

N/A

Care Dose

“On”

Breast Shield

Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

PACS

1.0mm

4.0ml/sec 150 ml Isovue 370 + 30 ml saline chaser Bolus Tracking Trigger @ Arch at 150HU “On” Yes

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: SoftTissue & Lung Window True Sagittal / Sagittal Oblique: Soft-tissue Window

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 6: Thoracic Aortography (CTA): Follow-up Aorta Dissection / Repair (Preference: Flash Scanner)

Chest 6

CTA Thoracic Angiography (CTA)

Clinical Indications

Thoracic Aorta Dissection (follow-up with stent graft / hardware) Thoracic Aorta Aneurysms (follow-up with stent graft / hardware) Atheromatous disease and Penetrating Ulcers (follow-up with stent graft / hardware) Intramural Hematoma (follow-up with stent graft / hardware) Technologist Instructions

Technique

Available CXR kVp same day if acute workup; otherwise within 1 mAs month Rotation time Patient Collimation “must cough” several times if capable prior to scan to clear secretions Breathing: Slice Width hyperventilate x3; Take a small breathe

1st Unenhanced

100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

2nd Enhanced

3rd 60 sec Delay

Same

Same

0.33s 24 x 1.2mm

64 x 0.6mm

64 x 0.6mm

5.0mm

2.0mm

2.0mm

130

in and stop breathing Pitch Kernel

0.9 B40f Medium

Increments Image Sequence FOV Injection Rate

5.0mm Cr-Ca Tailored to patient N/A

Prep Time (delay)

N/A

Care Dose

“On”

Breast Shield

Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

PACS

0.9

0.9

B25f Smooth 1.0mm

B25f Smooth 0.7mm

4.0ml/sec 150 ml Isovue 370 + 30 ml saline chaser Bolus Tracking Trigger @ Arch at 150HU “On”

N/A

Yes

Yes

Yes

“On”

Yes

Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal / Sagittal Oblique: Soft-tissue Window

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 7: CTA Thoracic Aortography (CTA): Trauma Chest (Preference: Flash Scanner or Cardiac Gated if Non-Flash) Technologist Note: Only send 2 x 2’s to PACS (not 3 x 3’s)

Chest 7

Technologist Instructions

CTA Thoracic Clinical Indications Aortography (CTA) Suspected Acute Traumatic Aorta or Branch Vessel Injury Trauma-related Hemomediastinum

kVp

1st (Soft-tissues) 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

mAs

130

Rotation time Collimation Slice Width Pitch Kernel

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm 2.0mm 0.75 B40f

Technique

Medium

Increments Image Sequence FOV Injection Rate

Prep Time (delay)

Care Dose Breast Shield

2nd (Lung)

2.0mm B20f Smooth 1.0mm

1.0mm Cr-Ca 300 300 4.0ml/sec 80-100 ml Omni-300 + 30 ml saline chaser Bolus Tracking Trigger @ aortic arch @ 150HU “On” “Off” Baseline exams

Breast Shield

PACS

“On” Follow-up studies on appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: SoftTissue & Lung Window True Sagittal / Sagittal Oblique: Soft-tissue Window

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 8: High-Resolution (HRCT) Chest CT-Interstitial Lung Disease

Chest 8

HRCT

Clinical Indications Unexplained Dyspnea on Exertion Suspected or Known Chronic Interstitial Lung Disease Follow-up CILD on Therapy

Technologist Instructions

Technique

1st (Soft-Tissues and Lungs)

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions

kVp

100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a breathe in and stop breathing If patient unable to lie prone; must acquire HRCT supine with B70 kernel Repeat any scans with motion Available CXR within 1 month

2nd HRCT Sequence Supine (Inspiration) Same

3rd HRCT Sequence Prone (Inspiration) Same (Carina through Diaphragm)

mAs

130

Rotation time Collimation

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm

1mm x 2.0mm

1 x 2.0 mm

Slice Width

3.0mm

1.0mm

1.0mm

Pitch

0.75

Feed 10mm

Feed 10mm

B70s Very Sharp

B70s Very Sharp

Kernel

Increments Image

B40f Medium (soft-tissues) B60f Sharp (lungs) 3.0mm Cr-Ca

10mm Cr-Ca

10mm Cr-Ca

Sequence FOV Oral Contrast Injection Rate Prep Time (delay) Care Dose Breast Shield

PACS

Tailored to patient N/A N/A

Same

Same

“On”

“Off”

“Off”

Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

Yes

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Lung Window (B60F)

-

-

Chest CT Protocols January 2012 Chest 9: Chest CT-Small Airways Disease

Chest 9

HRCT

Clinical Indications Suspected or Known Small Airways Disease Suspected or Known Bronchiectasis Known or Suspected GVHD Bone Marrow Transplants (pre- and post-procedure)

1st Soft-Tissues and Lungs) 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

2nd Supine Expiration 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

mAs

130

130

Rotation time Collimation

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm

0.33s 64 x 0.6mm

2.0mm

2.0mm

0.75

0.75

Technologist Instructions

Technique

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions

kVp

Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a small breathe in and stop breathing Repeat any Slice Width scans with motion Available CXR Pitch within 1 month Kernel

Increments

B40F Medium (soft-tissues) B70s Very Sharp 1.0 mm

B70s Very Sharp

1.0 mm

Image Sequence FOV

Cr-Ca

Tailored to patient Oral Contrast Injection N/A Rate Prep Time N/A (delay) Care Dose “On” Breast Shield Appropriate patients after scout acquired PACS Yes

Cr-Ca Same -

“Off”

Yes Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Lung Window (B60F)

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 10: Large Airways Disease-Stenosis

Chest 10

Large Airways Disease

Clinical Indications Tracheal Stenosis Bronchial Stenosis Tracheal-Esophageal Fistula Suspected Tracheal or Bronchial Injury or Fracture

Technologist Instructions

Technique

Available CXR kVp within 1 month

1st Angle of Mandible to 3rd Order Bronchi 100 (≤180lbs) 120 (180-250lbs) 140 (>250lbs)

1st (Softtissues)

Same

mAs

130

Rotation time Collimation

0.33s 2 x 1.0 mm

24 x 1.2mm

3.0mm

3.0mm

3-5mm/sec or Pitch 1-1.6

0.75

B70s Very Sharp 1-2mm

B40F Medium 3.0mm

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions Breathing: Slice Width hyperventilate x3; Take a small breathe in and stop breathing Repeat any Pitch scans with motion Kernel Increments

2nd (Lung)

3rd (Expiratory Lung)

Same

Send to TerraRecon as 3x2 for Radiologist to reconstruct

3.0mm 5.0 mm

B60F Sharp 3.0mm 5.0 mm

Image Sequence FOV

Cr-Ca

Cr-Ca

Cr-Ca

Tailored to Airway -

Same

N/A N/A

Tailored to patient 3.0ml/sec 80 ml Omni 350 30 ml saline flush 40 sec “On”

Care Dose

“On”

Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes

Breast Shield

Appropriate patients after scout acquired Yes Yes

Oral Contrast

Injection Rate Prep Time (delay)

PACS Volume Rendering with Lung Isolation Algorithm

Yes

After scout acquired Yes

Yes

Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Soft-tissue Window VRT: Trachealbronchial Tree

Chest CT Protocols Revisions January 2012 Chest 11: Large Airways Disease-Malacia

Chest 11

Tracheomalacia

Clinical Indications Tracheomalacia Tracheobronchomalacia Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome

SERIES 1:

SCOUT AP and LATERAL

SERIES 2:

TRACHEA END INSPIRATION

HELICAL 0.5SEC RECON 1 RECON 2 RECON 3

Send all Data to PACS MID C4 THRU ADRENAL GLAND

3mm 39.37 .984 :1

3mm Interval 100kVp 320 mA

3mm X 3mm Interval 2.5mm X 2.5mm Interval 1.25mm X 1.25mm Interval

Standard Lung Standard

DELAY Standard

SERIES 3 DYNAMIC BREATHING MID C4 TO DIAPHRAGM Patient should inhale to full lung capacity and begin to forcefully exhale like “blowing out a candle” during scan. Use designated “mouthpiece” COORDINATE ONSET OF SCAN ACQUISITION WITH BEGINNING OF FORCEFUL EXHALATION HELICAL 0.5SEC

RECON 1 RECON 2

3mm 3 5mm Interval 39.37 120kVp .984 :1 80 mA NOTE: TRACHEA SHOULD CHANGE IN SHAPE (ANT BOWING POST WALL OR COLLAPSE) 2.5mm X 2.5mm Interval 2.5mm X 1.25mm Interval

Standard Standard

Standard

Chest CT Protocols Revisions Effective January 2012 Designated Lung Cancer Screening Program (LCSP) Patients Only!: Chest 12: LCSP: Chest Low-Dose Helical CT (Unenhanced)

Technologist Instructions

Technique

Patient “must cough” several times prior to scan to clear secretions Patient imaged supine with arms elevated over head to minimize beamhardening artifact Breathing: hyperventilate x3; Take a breathe in and stop breathing Scan extends from thoracic inlet through adrenal glands Primary Scout performed in PA projection (tube at gantry bottom, patient supine) to minimize breast dose Repeat any scans with motion

kV

Siemens Sensation 64 64 x 0.6 (beam collimation 32 x 0.6) 120

Gantry Rotation Time

0.5 sec

mAs (Reg-Lg)

40-80

Scanner effective mAs (Reg-Lg)

25-50

Detector Collimation (mm) (T)

0.6 mm

Number of active channels (N)

32

Detector configuration (N x T) Collimation

32 x 0.6 mm 64 x 0.6 mm

(on operator console) Image Sequence Table incrementation (mm/rotation) (I) Pitch ([mm/rotation]/beam collimation) (I/NT) Table Speed (mm/second) Scan Time (40 cm thorax) Nominal Reconstructed Slice Width Reconstruction Interval Reconstruction Algorithm CTDI vol (Dose in mGy) DFOV = smallest diameter of the chest wall that will completely contain the lung parenchyma as measured from the widest point of outer rib to outer rib Care Dose Breast Shield PACS / TerraRecon/ Vitrea (for lung nodule volumetric analysis)

Cr-Ca 19.2 mm 1.0 mm 38.4 mm/sec 11 sec 2 mm 1.8 mm B30 1.9-3.8 mGy

Off” Will not be applied Yes

In addition to the axial soft tissue (B40f) and lung (B60f) window reconstructions, perform the following recons: Axial MIP: Lung Window (5 x 3) True Coronal: Soft-Tissue & Lung Window True Sagittal: Soft-tissue Window