Consonant Sandhi - Arsha Bodha

Consonant Sandhi External Sandhi

Rule

1) HC + V or SC HC  SC of same class (General rule superseded by rules 2-5 below) 2) HC + Nasal

HC  Nasal of same class

Example vak( devI  vaGdevI vak( my  va;(my

3) t( + Palatal HC/SC t(  corresponding Palatal

tt( c  tCc

4) t( + l(

t(  l(

tt( lIn  tLlIn

5) t( + x(

 C^(

.gvt( xr,  .gvC^r,

6) m( + HC / SC

m(  anusvara

flm( ddait  fl' ddait

7) n( + Palatal or Cerebral SC

n(  corresponding Nasal

Etan( juhoit  EtaHjuhoit

Cerebral HC/SC t(  corresponding Cerebral .vt( @mä  .v@(@mä

8) n( + Palatal,Cerebral n(  anusvara + or Dental HC corresponding sibilant

tan( itit=Sv  ta'iStit=Sv

9) n( + l(

n(  anusvara + l(

Etan( lokan(  Eta'Llokan(

10) SV + ;( ,( n( + AV

Nasal doubles

hsn( —v  hsiÞv

11) HC / SC + h(

HC  SC of same class

tSmat( ih  tSmai×

12) AV + ^(

^(  C^(

ixv ^aya  ixvC^aya

Internal Sandhi

Rule

Example

1) AV (ex.A/Aa) + s(

s(  z( (some exceptions)

iv + sIdit  ivzIdit

2) z( r( ¨( + n(

n(  , ( (many conditions)

b[õn( + Aa  b[õ,a

h(  corresponding soft aspirate