FLASH DRUM DESIGN ChE 4253 - Design I Who came up with this rule and why? What is so magic about 3 ft? (Room for demister?) Again, why 2ft? (Residence...
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FLASH DRUM DESIGN
Vertical vessel
ChE 4253 - Design I
Horizontal Vessel
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Installed Units
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Deflectors, and Diffusers
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Demisters
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Control Schemes
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Dimensions to decide D hV hL hf
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Calculations to make
F = L +V Fzi = Lxi + Vyi
yi = K i xi
∑
xi = 1
∑
yi = 1
i
i
zi ⎧ = x ⎪ i ⎡ V 1+ ( K − 1) ⎤ ⎪ F i ⎣ ⎦ ⇒⎨ ⇒ K z i i ⎪y = i ⎪ ⎡1 + V ( K i − 1) ⎤ F ⎣ ⎦ ⎩
ChE 4253 - Design I
Ratchford Rice Equation (look for it!!)
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Dimensions to decide
D hV hL hf
related to vapor velocity. related to vapor velocity. related to level control related to flooding
ChE 4253 - Design I
FLASH DRUM DESIGN D related to vapor velocity. Permitted velocity
K =e
v perm = K
A+ B ln Flv + C (ln Flv ) 2 + d (ln Flv )3 + E (ln Flv )4
Where do these come from ? ChE 4253 - Design I
( ρ L − ρV )
ρV
Flv =
WL WV
ρL ρV
A = −1.877478 B = −0.814580 C = −0.187074 D = −0.014523 E = −0.001015
FLASH DRUM DESIGN D related to vapor velocity.
Fvis Fdrag
Fg
Stokes Fvis = 6πμ Rd vd 1 Fdrag = CD AρV vd2 drag 2 4 Fg = ( ρ L − ρV ) g π Rd3 gravity-Buoyancy 3
Fdrag + Fvis ≈ Fdrag Fdrag >> Fvis
1 4 2 2 = Fg ⇒ CD (π RD ) ρV vd = ( ρ L − ρV ) g π Rd3 2 3
⇒ v perm = K ChE 4253 - Design I
( ρ L − ρV )
ρV
8 gRd K= 3CD
FLASH DRUM DESIGN Dimensional analysis for drag: Force is dependent on velocity, cross sectional area, density and viscosity. f a ( Fdrag , vd , A, ρV , μ ) = 0 Two nondimensional numbers:
Re =
vd A / π
μ
CD =
Fdrag 1 ρV Avd2 2
Therefore
f b (Re, CD ) = 0 Thus
CD
Î
CD =
FD 1 ρV Avd2 2
= f c (Re)
is a function of the particle Reynolds number. Î
ChE 4253 - Design I
8 gRd K= 3 f c (Re)
FLASH DRUM DESIGN But, what Rd should be used? The criteria is that 5% of the liquid is entrained.
Thus
K =e
A+ B ln Flv + C (ln Flv )2 + d (ln Flv )3 + E (ln Flv ) 4
W
ρ
; Flv = WL ρ L V V
were obtained
fitting experimental data. Therefore
D=
4
π
AD =
Demisters should take care of 4% (or less) of the 5%.
ChE 4253 - Design I
4
V
π v perm ρV
FLASH DRUM DESIGN 1 hV = 36"+ diameter of feedline 2 Who came up with this rule and why? What is so magic about 3 ft? (Room for demister?)
1 h f = 12"+ diameter of feedline 2 Again, why 2ft? (Residence Time, Failure Analysis, Other Control issues?)
