PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Strata Satu Jurusan Informatika
Skripsi Disusun Oleh: Adi Umbas Primadharma M0511001
JURUSAN INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2015
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SKRIPSI PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh: ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA NIM. M0511001
telah disetujui oleh pembimbing pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Pembimbing I
Pembimbing II
Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom. NIP. 19780909 200812 2 002
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PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh: ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA NIM. M0511001 telah dipertahankan di hadapan dewan penguji pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Susunan Dewan Penguji 1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
(Ketua)
(
)
(Sekretaris)
(
)
(Anggota)
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)
(Anggota)
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NIP. 19850831 201212 1 004 2. Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom. NIP. 19761129 200812 2 001 3. Ristu Saptono S.Si., M.T. NIP. 19790210 200212 1 001 4. Sari Widya Sihwi S.Kom., M.T.I. NIP.
19830412
200912
2
003
Disahkan Oleh: Kepala Program Studi
Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D NIP. 19621130 199103 1 002 iii
MOTTO
“Tetapi carilah dahulu Kerajaan Allah dan kebenaranNya, maka semuanya itu akan ditambahkan kepadamu.” (Matthew 6:33) “Masa lalu bukanlah penentu masa depan. Yang Anda lakukan hari ini adalah penegak masa depan Anda” (Mario Teguh) “How you climb a mountain is more important than reaching the top.” (Yvon Chouinard) “Jangan menunggu impian dan harapan Anda tercapai baru Anda berbahagia. Berbahagialah sejak SEKARANG dengan apa yang sudah ada dan mewarnai hidup Anda! Bersyukurlah!” (Penulis)
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PERSEMBAHAN Karya ini kupersembahkan kepada: Papa, Mama, serta kedua Kakakku beserta keluarga terkasih Sahabat-sahabat di PMK MIPA terkhusus David dan Fhiky Semua teman-teman Informatika UNS angkatan 2011 Semua teman-teman KKN Belitung angkatan 2011
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KATA PENGANTAR
Salam sejahtera bagi kita semua. Penulis mengucapkan puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus atas kasih dan anugerah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini. Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini tidak akan selesai tanpa adanya bantuan dari banyak pihak, karena itu penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada: 1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc. selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah memberikan pengarahan selama proses penyusunan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini, 2. Ibu Esti Suryani, S.Si, M.Kom. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah memberikan masukan, kritik dan saran yang membangun, 3. Bapak Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D. selaku Kepala Program Studi Jurusan Informatika FMIPA UNS, 4. Kedua orang tua dan saudara-saudaraku yang telah memberikan dukungan dan motivasi sehingga penulis bisa menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini, 5. Teman-teman Persekutuan Mahasiswa Kristen Fakultas MIPA dan temanteman seperjuangan di Jurusan Informatika angkatan 2011 yang telah berbagi kasih, doa, dukungan, pengetahuan, pengalaman, serta memberi motivasi. Semoga Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini bermanfaat dan dapat memberikan sumbangsih bagi pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan. Tuhan Yesus Memberkati. Surakarta, 24 November 2015
Penulis
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PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA Program Studi Informatika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRAK Skripsi/Tugas Akhir merupakan karya ilmiah yang disusun oleh mahasiswa berdasarkan hasil penelitian laboratorium atau penelitian lapangan. Informasi mengenai Skripsi/Tugas Akhir di Program Studi Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret tidak dapat diperoleh dengan mudah. Informasi tersebut seperti ketersediaan dosen pembimbing, judul penelitian, jadwal ujian seminar, serta data informasi lainnya yang berkaitan dengan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir. Sumber Informasi dapat diketahui dengan mudah melalui berbagai media, salah satunya adalah media internet yang berbentuk sebuah situs atau website. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah Aplikasi yang menangani permasalahan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir yang ada di Jurusan Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret berbasis Website. Pengembangan Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Agile yaitu dengan model Scrum. Hasil yang diperoleh pada pengembangan Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir dengan menggunakan metode Scrum terbukti dapat dengan mudah mengatasi perubahan requirements, menghasilkan produk yang sesuai dengan keinginan pengguna karena mendapatkan feedback secara kontinu. Kemudian dari hasil focus factor kelima sprint didapat rata-rata focus factor nya yaitu 0.84 atau 84%, sehingga dapat dikatakan tingkat presentase tim pengembang fokus mengerjakan pekerjaannya dalam membangun Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir berbasis web menggunakan metode scrum adalah 84%. Kata kunci : Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
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DEVELOPING WEB BASED THESIS APPLICATION USING SCRUM METHOD ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA Department of Informatics, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Sebelas Maret University
ABSTRACT Thesis is a scientific paper prepared by the college students based on the results of laboratory or research on field. Information about the thesis in the Department of Informatics Sebelas Maret University can not be obtained easily. The information consists of the availability of lecturers, research title, exam schedules, and other data information related to thesis. Information can be found easily through a variety of media, one of which is the Internet media in the form of a websites. Therefore, it needed a web based application that handles thesis problem in the Department of Informatics Sebelas Maret University. Development of Application Thesis in this study using Scrum method. Results obtained on application development thesis project using the Scrum method is proven to easily handle requirements changing, produce products that comply with the wishes of users because getting continuous feedback. Then the average of factor focus from the five sprint is 0.84 or 84%, so it can be said the percentage rate development teams focus on doing his work in developing web based thesis application using Scrum method is 84%. Keyword: Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ………………………………………………………………… i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN………………………………………………………. ii PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................................... iii MOTTO ....................................................................................................................... iv PERSEMBAHAN ......................................................................................................... v KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. vi ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. vii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ ix DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xii DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xvi BAB I ............................................................................................................................ 1 PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................................. 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3
1.3
Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................. 3
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 3
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 4
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................... 4
BAB II ........................................................................................................................... 6 LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................................... 6 2.1
Landasan Teori ............................................................................................... 6
2.1.1
Skripsi ..................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ..................................................................... 7
2.1.3
Software Development Process ............................................................... 7
2.1.3.1 The Waterfall Model ............................................................................ 8
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2.1.3.2 Incremental Development.................................................................... 9 2.1.3.3 Reuse-oriented Software Engineering ............................................... 10 2.1.3.4 Agile Methodology ............................................................................ 11 2.1.3.5 Scrum................................................................................................. 14 2.1.4 2.2
Burndown Chart .................................................................................... 18
Penelitian Terkait ......................................................................................... 22
BAB III ....................................................................................................................... 28 METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .................................................................................. 28 3.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 29
3.1.1
Pengumpulan data ................................................................................. 29
3.1.2
Analisis Proses Bisnis ........................................................................... 29
3.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 30
3.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 31
3.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 32
3.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 32
3.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 34
3.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 35
3.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 35
BAB IV ....................................................................................................................... 36 HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................................................... 36 4.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 36
4.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 38
4.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 42
4.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 47
4.4.1
Usecase Diagram .................................................................................. 47
4.4.2
Usecase Narrative ................................................................................. 49
4.4.3
Entity Relationship Diagram................................................................. 72
4.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 73
4.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 75
4.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 78 x
4.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 82
BAB V......................................................................................................................... 83 PENUTUP ................................................................................................................... 83 5.1.
Kesimpulan ................................................................................................... 83
5.2.
Saran ............................................................................................................. 83
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 85 LAMPIRAN 1 ............................................................................................................. 87 LAMPIRAN 2 ............................................................................................................. 92 LAMPIRAN 3 ............................................................................................................. 97 LAMPIRAN 4 ........................................................................................................... 102 LAMPIRAN 5 ........................................................................................................... 111
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Keterkaitan Penelitian Sebelumnya dengan Penelitian yang Dilakukan .... 26 Tabel 2.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 27 Tabel 3.1 Tabel setup .................................................................................................. 31 Tabel 3.2 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ............................................................. 33 Tabel 4.1 Product backlog dari Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................... 40 Tabel 4.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 40 Tabel 4.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1........................................................................... 42 Tabel 4.3 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 1 ...................................................................... 44 Tabel 4.4 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 2 ...................................................................... 44 Tabel 4.5 Sprint backlog untuk Sprint 3 ..................................................................... 45 Tabel 4.6 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 4 ...................................................................... 46 Tabel 4.7 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 5 ...................................................................... 46 Tabel 4.8 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Tugas Akhir ................................................ 49 Tabel 4.9 Usecase Narrative Melihat Prosedur .......................................................... 50 Tabel 4.10 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Dosen ...................................... 51 Tabel 4.11 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian ................................................. 52 Tabel 4.12 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Informatika ............................. 53 Tabel 4.13 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Ujian ......................................................... 54 Tabel 4.14 Usecase Narrative Melihat Keahlian Dosen Informatika ......................... 55 Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat My Profile ..................................................... 56 Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian Bimbingan............................... 57 Tabel 4.16 Usecase Narrative Melihat Mahasiswa Bimbingan.................................. 58 Tabel 4.17 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Judul Dosen .............................................. 59 Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Prosedur ................................................... 60 Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Tugas Akhir .................. 61 Tabel 4.19 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Ujian .............................. 62 Tabel 4.20 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Jadwal Ujian Divisi TA..................... 63
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Tabel 4.21 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Ruangan ................................................... 64 Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Input Nilai ......................................... 65 Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Mengedit Bidang Keahlian ........................................ 66 Tabel 4.23 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Mahasiswa ................................................ 67 Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Melihat Data Statistik ................................................. 68 Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Nilai .......................................................... 69 Tabel 4.25 Usecase Narrative Indeks Validasi Pendaftaran Ujian ............................. 70 Tabel 4.27 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Aktor ........................................................ 71 Tabel 4.28 Tabel status sprint 1 .................................................................................. 73 Tabel 4.29 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart sprint 1 ............................................. 74 Tabel 4.30 Tabel Pengujian......................................................................................... 75 Tabel 4.31 Tabel Review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................. 77 Tabel 5.1 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1........................................................................... 87 Tabel 5.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 2........................................................................... 88 Tabel 5.3 Tabel setup untuk sprint 3........................................................................... 89 Tabel 5.4 Tabel setup untuk sprint 4........................................................................... 90 Tabel 5.5 Tabel setup untuk sprint 5........................................................................... 91 Tabel 5.6 Tabel status untuk sprint 1 .......................................................................... 92 Tabel 5.7 Tabel status untuk sprint 2 .......................................................................... 93 Tabel 5.8 Tabel status untuk sprint 3 .......................................................................... 94 Tabel 5.9 Tabel status untuk sprint 4 .......................................................................... 95 Tabel 5.10 Tabel status untuk sprint 5 ........................................................................ 96 Tabel 5.11 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 1 ................................... 97 Tabel 5.12 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 2 ................................... 98 Tabel 5.13 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 3 ................................... 99 Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 4 ................................. 100 Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 5 ................................. 101 Tabel 5.15 Tabel blackbox testing Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................ 102 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 103 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 104 xiii
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 105 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 106 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 107 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 108 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 109 Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 110 Tabel 5.16 Tabel review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................ 111 Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 112 Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 113 Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 114 Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 115 Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 116
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 The Waterfall Model (Sommerville, 2011) ............................................... 8 Gambar 2.2 Incremental Model (Sommerville, 2011) ................................................ 10 Gambar 2.3 Reuse-oriented Model (Sommerville, 2011) ........................................... 11 Gambar 2.4. Scrum Process (Pressman, 2005) ........................................................... 15 Gambar 2.5 Contoh Burndown Chart 1 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 19 Gambar 2.6 Contoh Burndown Chart 2 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20 Gambar 2.7 Contoh Burndown Chart 3 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20 Gambar 2.8 Contoh Burndown Chart 4 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21 Gambar 2.9 Contoh Burndown Chart 5 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21 Gambar 3.1 Alur Penelitian Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ........................................ 28 Gambar 3.2 Bagan alur pengumpulan data dan analisis proses bisnis ........................ 29 Gambar 3.3 Bagan Alur pembuatan Product Backlog ................................................ 30 Gambar 3.4 Bagan alur perancangan Sprint Backlog ................................................. 31 Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur eksekusi sprint ...................................................................... 33 Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur Review dan Demo Produk ..................................................... 35 Gambar 4.1 Alur Proses Bisnis ................................................................................... 36 Gambar 4.2 Usecase Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................................... 48 Gambar 4.3 ERD Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ......................................................... 72 Gambar 4.4 Burndown chart Sprint 1 ......................................................................... 78 Gambar 4.5 Burndown chart Sprint 2 ......................................................................... 79 Gambar 4.6 Burndown chart Sprint 3 ......................................................................... 80 Gambar 4.7 Burndown chart Sprint 4 ......................................................................... 81 Gambar 4.8 Burndown chart Sprint 5 ......................................................................... 82
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 Tabel setup ............................................................................................... 87 Lampiran 2 Tabel status .............................................................................................. 92 Lampiran 3 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ......................................................... 97 Lampiran 4 Tabel blackbox testing ........................................................................... 102 Lampiran 5 Tabel review .......................................................................................... 111
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