1
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Al fin al d el fil e ha y una p ágin a con todo s los “Símbolos Fon éticos ”. Los verbos irregulares tienen formas propias que se deben aprender de memoria. Damos un elenco de los verbos irregulares más comunes. El “past simple” traduce el pretérito perfecto y el pretérito imperfecto. Por lo tanto,“I went” puede significar = yo fui o bien yo iba.
Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
be
bi:
was/were
woz- w¨:
been
bi:n
ser; estar
beat
bi:t
beat
bi:t
beaten
bi:tn
golpear
became
bikeim
become
bikúm
volverse
become bikúm begin
bigin
began
bigAn
begun
bigún
empezar
bend
bend
bent
bent
bent
bent
doblar -se
bind
baind
bound
baund
bound
baund
atar; encuadernar
bite
bait
bit
bit
bitten
bitEn
morder
bleed
bli:d
bled
bled
bled
bled
sangrar
blow
blou
blew
blu:
blown
bloun
soplar
break
breik
broke
brouk
broken
broukEn
romper
bring
briN
brought
bro:t
brought
bro:t
traer
build
bild
built
bilt
built
bilt
construir
burn
b¨:n
burnt
b¨:nt
burnt
b¨:nt
quemar -se
buy
bai
bought
bo:t
bought
bo:t
comprar
catch
kAtS
caught
ko:t
caught
ko:t
agarrar, coger
choose
tSu:z
chose
tSouz
chosen
tSouzEn
elegir
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
2
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
come
kúm
came
keim
come
kúm
venir
cost
kost
cost
kost
cost
kost
costar
cut
kút
cut
kút
cut
kút
cortar
deal
di:l
dealt
delt
dealt
delt
tratar
dig
dig
dug
dúg
dug
dúg
cavar
do
du:
did
did
done
dún
hacer
draw
dro:
drew
dru:
drawn
dro:n
dibujar; tirar de
dream
dri:m
dreamt
dremt
dreamt
dremt
soñar
dream
dri:m
dreamed
dri:md
dreamed
dri:md
soñar
drink
driNk
drank
drANk
drunk
drúNk
beber
drive
draiv
drove
drouv
driven
drivEn
conducir
eat
i:t
ate
eit
eaten
i:tEn
comer
fall
fo:l
fell
fell
fallen
fo:lEn
caer -se
feed
fi:d
fed
fed
fed
fed
alimentar
feel
fi:l
felt
felt
felt
felt
tocar, sentir
fight
fait
fought
fo:t
fought
fo:t
luchar
find
faind
found
faund
found
faund
encontrar
fly
flai
flew
flu:
flown
floun
volar
forget
fEget
forgot
fEgot
forgotten
fEgotEn
olvidar -se
forgive
fEgiv
forgave
fEgeiv
forgiven
fEgivEn
perdonar
freeze
fri:z
froze
frouz
frozen
frouzEn
helar; congelar
get
get
got
got
got
got
conseguir, volverse
get
get
got
got
gotten
gotEn
conseguir, volverse
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
3
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
give
giv
gave
geiv
given
givEn
dar
go
gou
went
went
gone
gon
ir -se
grind
graind
ground
graund
ground
graund
moler
grow
grow
grew
gru:
grown
groun
crecer; cultivar
hang
hAN
hung
húN
hung
húN
colgar
hang
hAN
hanged
hANd
hanged
hANd
colgar
have
hAv
had
hAd
had
hAd
haber; tener
hear
hiE
heard
h¨:d
heard
h¨:d
oír
hide
haid
hid
hid
hidden
hidEn
esconder -se
hit
hit
hit
hit
hit
hit
golpear
hold
hould
held
held
held
held
tener; agarrar
hurt
h¨:t
hurt
h¨:t
hurt
h¨:t
hacer daño
keep
ki:p
kept
kept
kept
kept
guardar, tener
know
nou
knew
nju:
known
noun
saber, conocer
lay
lei
laid
leid
laid
leid
poner
lead
li:d
led
led
led
led
dirigir; llevar
learn
l¨:n
learnt
l¨:nt
learnt
l¨:nt
aprender
learn
l¨:
learned
l¨:nd
learned
l¨:nd
aprender
leave
li:v
left
left
left
left
dejar; salir
lend
lend
lent
lent
lent
lent
prestar
let
let
let
let
let
let
permitir; dejar
lie
lai
lay
lei
lain
lein
echarse, acostarse
lose
lu:z
lost
lost
lost
lost
perder
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
4
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
make
meik
made
meid
made
meid
hacer
mean
mi:n
meant
ment
meant
ment
significar
meet
mi:t
met
met
met
met
encontrar -se
pay
pei
paid
peid
paid
peid
pagar
put
put
put
put
put
put
poner, meter
read
ri:d
read
red
read
red
leer
ride
raid
rode
roud
ridden
ridEn
montar
ring
riN
rang
rAN
rung
rúN
sonar
rise
raiz
rose
rouz
risen
rizEn
run
rún
ran
rAn
run
rún
correr
say
sei
said
sed
said
sed
decir
see
si:
saw
so:
seen
si:n
ver
sell
sel
sold
sould
sold
sould
vender
send
send
sent
sent
sent
sent
enviar
set
set
set
set
set
set
poner
shake
Seik
shook
Suk
shaken
SeikEn
agitar
shine
Sain
shone
Son
shone
Son
brillar
shoot
Sut
shot
Sot
shot
Sot
disparar
show
Sou
showed
Soud
shown
Soun
mostrar
shut
Sút
shut
Sút
shut
Sút
cerrar –se
sing
siN
sang
sAN
sung
súN
cantar
sink
siNk
sank
sANk
sunk
súNk
hundir –se
sit
sit
sat
sAt
sat
sAt
sentar –se
salir (sol), aumentar
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
5
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
sleep
sli:p
slept
slept
slept
slept
dormir
smell
smel
smelt
smelt
smelt
smelt
oler
smell
smel
smelled
smeld
smelled
smeld
oler
speak
spi:k
spoke
spouk
spoken
spoukEn
hablar
spell
spel
spelt
spelt
spelt
spelt
deletrear
spend
spend
spent
spent
spent
spent
gastar; pasar
spill
spil
spilt
spilt
spilt
spilt
derramar
spill
spil
spilled
spild
spilled
spild
derramar
spit
spit
spat
spAt
spat
spAt
escupir
spit
spit
spit
spit
spit
spit
escupir
split
split
split
split
split
split
dividir, partir
spoil
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
spoilt
spoilt
estropear -se
spoil
spoil
spoiled
spoild
spoiled
spoild
estropear -se
stand
stAnd
stood
stud
stood
stud
estar de pie
steal
sti:l
stole
stoul
stolen
stoulEn
robar
strike
straik
struck
strúk
struck
strúk
golpear
swim
swim
swam
swAm
swum
swúm
nadar
take
teik
took
tuk
taken
teikEn
tomar -se
teach
ti:tS
taught
to:t
taught
to:t
enseñar
tear
teE
tore
to:
torn
to:n
romper -se
tell
tel
told
tould
told
tould
decir; contar
think
†iNk
thought
†o:t
thought
†o:t
pensar
throw
†rou
threw
†ru:
thrown
†roun
lanzar
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
6
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
understand
understood
understood
úndEstAnd
úndEstud
úndEstud
comprender
wake
weik
woke
wouk
woken
woukEn
despertar -se
wear
weE
wore
wo:
worn
wo:n
llevar (puesto)
win
win
won
wún
won
wún
ganar, vencer
write
rait
wrote
rout
written
ritEn
escribir
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
arise
Eraiz
arose
Erouz
arisen
ErizEn
surgir
awake
Eweik
awoke
Ewouk
awoken
EwoukEn
despertar -se
bear
beE
bore
bo:
born
bo:n
portar; dar a luz soportar
to be born
ser dado a luz
I was born...
Yo fui dado a luz
bet
bet
bet
bet
bet
bet
apostar
bid
bid
bid
bid
bid
bid
pujar
breed
bri:d
bred
bred
bred
bred
criar
broadcast
broadcast
broadcast
bro:dka:st
bro:dka:st
bro:dka:st
emitir, transmitir
burst
b¨:st
burst
b¨:st
burst
b¨:st
estallar
cast
ka:st
cast
ka:st
cast
ka:st
tirar, arrojar
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
7
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
cling
kliN
clung
klúN
clung
klúN
creep
kri:p
crept
krept
crept
krept
forsake
fEseik
forsook
fEsuk
forsaken
fEseikEn
abandonar
kneel
ni:l
knelt
nelt
knelt
nelt
arrodillarse
knit
nit
knit
nit
knit
nit
tejer, tricotar
lean
li:n
leant
lent
leant
lent
apoyarse
lean
li:n
leaned
li:nd
leaned
li:nd
apoyarse
leap
li:p
leapt
lept
leapt
lept
saltar
leap
li:p
leaped
li:pt
leaped
li:pt
saltar
light
lait
lit
lit
lit
lit
encender -se
light
lait
lighted
laitid
lighted
laitid
encender -se
rid
rid
rid
rid
rid
rid
librar, librarse de
seek
si:k
sought
so:t
sought
so:t
shed
Sed
shed
Sed
shed
Sed
buscar despojarse de (hojas) perder (peso)
shrink
SriNk
shrank
SrANk
shrunk
SrúNk
encoger –se
slide
slaid
slid
slid
slid
slid
speed
spi:d
sped
sped
sped
sped
speed
spi:d
speeded
spi:did
speeded
spi:did
resbalar viajar a gran velocidad; superar los limites de velocidad
spin
spin
spun
spún
spun
spún
hacer girar; hilar,
spread
spred
spread
spred
spread
spred
extender -se
spring
spriN
sprang
sprAN
sprung
sprúN
saltar
stride
straid
strode
stroud
stridden
stridEn
andar a zancadas
aferrarse moverse lentamente; arrastrarse
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
8
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. Base Form
Past Simple
Past Participle
string
striN
strung
strúN
strung
strúN
encordar; ensartar
strive
straiv
strove
strouv
striven
strivEn
esforzarse
swear
sweE
swore
swo:
sworn
swo:n
jurar, insultar
sweep
swi:p
swept
swept
swept
swept
swell
swel
swelled
sweld
swollen
swolEn
swelled
sweld
barrer hincharse, crecer (un río)
swing
swiN
swung
swúN
swung
swúN
balancear -se
thrive
†raiv
throve
†rouv
thriven
†rivEn
prosperar
thrive
†raiv
thrived
†raivd
thrived
†raivd
prosperar
thrust
†rúst
thrust
†rúst
†rúst
empujar con fuerza
tread
tred
trod
trod
thrust trod trodden
trod trodEn
pisar
undertake
undertook
undertaken
úndEteik
úndEtuk
úndEteikEn
emprender (trabajo)
weave
wi:v
wove
wouv
woven
wouvEn
tejer
weep
wi:p
wept
wept
wept
wept
llorar
wet
wet
wet
wet
wet
wet
mojar
wet
wet
wetted
wettid
wetted
wettid
mojar
wind
waind
wound
waund
wound
waund
enrollar
wring
wriN
wrung
wrúN
wrung
wrúN
torcer
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
9
P H ON E T I C S Y M B O LS
ú A a: E e i i: o o: u u: ¨: ou j s z T
† tS dZ g S N h w Z :
=
símbolos fonéticos
sun
sol
=
a
cat
gato
=
un sonido entre la a y la e
car
coche
=
a
a bo y
un muchacho
=
sonido neutro
pen
pluma
=
e
corta
six
seis
=
i
corta
tree
árbol
=
i
larga
not
no
=
o
corta
short
corto
=
o
larga
put
poner
=
u
corta
food
comida
=
u
larga
girl
muchacha
=
sonido neutro largo
go
ir
=
sonido neutro, seguido de u
yes
si
=
i s
larga
marcada
books
libros
=
zero
cero
=
that thing
aquél cosa
= =
d con la lengua entre los dientes. sonido obtenido soplando con la lengua entre los dientes.
child
niño
=
chi
Jane
---
=
como en el nombre italiano Gina
good
bueno
=
g
fish
pez
=
king
rey
=
n
como en la palabra Congo
house
casa
=
h
aspirada
whisk y
whisky
pleasure
placer
no existe en español
como en la palabra “gamba”
no existe en español
- - j
como en la palabra francesa je
Los dos puntos indícan que el sonido vocálico es largo.
C a r m e l o M a n g a n o – h t t p : / / w w w . i n g l e s p a r a e s p a n o l e s . c o m – fo r p r i v a t e o r a c a d e m i c u s e o n l y.
