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Question 1 / Soalan 1 One experiment was carried out to investigate the importance of transpiration at plant leafy shoot. Water evaporates from the leaves surface by transpiration. The transpiration is influenced by the speed of fan. Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kepentingan transpirasi pada tumbuhan. berpucuk. Air tersejat daripada permukaan-permukaan daun melalui transpirasi. Transpirasi dipengaruhi oleh kelajuan kipas . Diagram 1.1 shows the apparatus set-up used in this experiment. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.
Plant leafy shoot Tumbuhan berpucuk
Stopwatch Jam randik Water / Air Screw / Skru
Capillary tube Tiub kapilari
Fan Kipas
Capillary tube Tiub kapilari
Diagram 1.1 Air bubble Rajah 1.1 Gelembung gas berpucuk
Initial position Kedudukan asal
Diagram 1.2 Rajah 1.2
A healthy Hibiscus leafy plant shoot were chosen with 16 number of leaves A gas bubble was trapped into the capillary tube Sepohon pucuk Bunga Raya yang sihat dipilih dengan 16 bilangan daun. Gelembung gas diperangkap di dalam tiub kapilari. Diagram 1.2 shows the initial position of the gas bubble in the capillary tube of potometer and the stopwatch is used to record the time taken for gas bubble to move in a distance of 10cm. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan kedudukan asal gelembung gas di dalam tiub kapilari potometer dan jam randik digunakan untuk merekod masa yang diambil oleh gelembung gas untuk bergerak dalam jarak 10cm. First the potometer was placed near a moving fan at the speed of 4 units . The time taken for the gas bubble to move the distance of 10 cm is recorded. This experiment was repeated with speed of fan of 2 units and 0 unit using the same leafy shoot . Pertama potometer diletakkan berdekatan kipas angin yang berpusing dengan 4 units. Masa yang diambil oleh gelembung gas bergerak dalam jarak 10cm direkodkan . Eksperimen diulangi menggunakan kelajuan kipas angin 2 unit dan 0 unit menggunakan pucuk tumbuhan yang sama.
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Table 1 shows the results of this experiment. Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperiment ini.
Speed of fan / Unit Kelajuan kipas / Unit
Time taken for gas bubble to moves 10 cm distance / minutes Masa yang diambil oleh gelembung gas bergerak dalam jarak 10 cm / minit
Stopwatch reading Bacaan jam randik
4
2
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0
Table 1 Jadual 1 (a) 1(a)
(b)(i)
Record the results of this experiment, on the time taken for the gas bubble to moves 10 cm distance in Table 1 Rekodkan keputusan eksperimen ini, keatas masa yang diambil oleh gelembung gas bergerak dalam jarak 10cm dalam Jadual 1. [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah] Based on the results at Table 1, state two different observations in this experiment. Berdasarkan keputusan pada Jadual 1, nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang berlainan dalam eksperimen ini. Observation 1 / Pemerhatian 1: ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... Observation 2 / Pemerhatian 2: ......................................................................................................................................
1(b)(i)
...................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [3 marks] [3 markah] 3
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(b)(ii) State two different inferences from Table 1. Nyatakan dua inferens daripada Jadual 1 Inference from Observation 1: Inferens daripada Pemerhatian 1 ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Inference from Observation 2: Inferens daripada Pemerhatian 2: ..................................................................................................................................... 1(b)(ii) ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [3 marks] [ 3 markah] (c)
Complete Table 2 based on this experiment . Lengkap Jadual 2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.
Variable Pembolehubah
Method to handle the variable Cara mengendali pembolehubah
Manipulated variable: Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan:
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4551/3 Responding variable: Pembolehubah bergerak balas:
.................................................................
........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... Constant variable: Pembolehubah malar:
1(c)
................................................................. .................................................................
........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... ................................................................. ........................................................... Table 2 Jadual 2 [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah] (d).
State the hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini. .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................
1(d)
.................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah]
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(e)
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Construct a table and record all the data collected in this experiment. Your table should have the following titles: Bina satu jadual dan rekod semua data yang dikumpul dalam eksperimen ini. Jadual anda hendaklah mengandungi tajuk-tajuk berikut:
Speed of fan Kelajuan kipas angin
Time taken for movement of gas bubble Masa yang diambil untuk pergerakan gelembung gas.
Rate of transpiration Kadar transpirasi
[ Rate of transpiration = Distance ] Time [ Kadar transpirasi = Jarak ] Masa
1(e) [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah]
(f) (i)
Draw a bar chart graph to show the relationship between the rate of transpiration and the speed of fan in the graph paper on page 9. Lukiskan graf carta bar untuk menunjukkan hubungan di antara kadar transpirasi dan kelajuan kipas di dalam kertas graf pada muka surat 9.
1(f)(i)
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4551/3 (ii)
Based on the graph drawn, explain the relationship between the rate of transpiration and speed of fan . Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis, terangkan hubungan antara kadar transpirasi dan kelajuan kipas. ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
1(f)(ii)
........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah]
(g)
This experiment is repeated using the same type of plant with 2 units speed of fan but have 8 leaves. Predict the time taken for gas bubble to move at 10 cm distance. Explain your prediction . Eksperimen ini diulangi menggunakan jenis tumbuhan yang sama dengan kelajuan angin 2 unit tetapi mempunyai 8 daun. Ramalkan masa yang diambil untuk gelembung gas bergerak pada jarak 10cm. Terangkan ramalan anda. ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
1(g)
........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah]
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(h) Based on this experiment, define operationally transpiration. Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, takrifkan secara operasi transpirasi. ............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. 1(h) .............................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................... …. [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah] (i)
The following list is part of apparatus and material used in this experiment. Senarai berikut adalah sebahagian radas dan bahan digunakan dalam eksperimen ini. Transparent polythene beg Bag politena lutsinar Anhydrous calcium chloride Kalsium klorida kontang Grease Gris
Fresh plant shoot Pucuk tumbuhan segar Stopwatch. Jam randik
Potometer Potometer Water Air
Retord stand with clamp Kaki retod dengan pemegang
Classify them according to the correct apparatus and materials used in this experiment. Kelaskan radas dan bahan yang betul digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.
Apparatus / Radas
Materials / Bahan
1(i) Table 3 Jadual 3 [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah] 4551/3
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Question 2 Soalan 2 A semipermeable membrane is defined as a membrane that allows certain molecules to diffuse through it freely and is dependent on the phospolipid bilayer and transport proteins. Membran separa telap didefinisikan sebagai membran yang membenarkan molekul tertentu meresap melaluinya dengan bebas dan bergantung kepada dwilapisan fosfolipid dan protein pembawa. Based on the above information, plan a laboratory experiment to study the size of molecules that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane/example Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, rancangkan satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengkaji saiz molekul yang boleh meresap melalui membran separa telap/contoh Your experiment must include the following aspects: Eksperimen anda mestilah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
• Problem statement/Pernyataan masalah • Hypothesis/Hipotesis • Variable /Pembolehubah • Material and apparatus/Bahan dan radas • Procedure /Prosedur • Data presentation /Persembahan data
[17 marks] [17 markah]
END OF THE QUESTION SOALAN TAMAT
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4551/3 SPACE FOR THE ANSWER Part ………………………… Question Number………………...
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