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[internet].
2012
(6).
Available
from:
http://www.thecochranelibrary.com 6. Medika Jurnal Kedokteran Indonesia. Tablet kombinasi tramadol/
parasetamol untuk nyeri pasca bedah operasi tangan rawat jalan: uji klinis
tersamar
ganda,
model
ganda,
acak,
paralel.
http://www.jurnalmedika.com/edisi-tahun-2012/edisi-no-05-vol-xxxvii2012/444-saripati/913-tablet-kombinasi-tramadolparasetamol-untuknyeri-pascabedah-operasi-tangan-rawat-jalan-uji-klinis-tersamar-gandamodel-ganda-acak-paralel (accessed 9 february 2013). 7. Abu omar AA, Al issa KA. Intravenous Paracetamol (Perfalgan) for analgesia after cesarean section: A double-blind randomized controlled study. An official publication of Pakistan Medical Association Rawalpindi Islamabad branch. 2011: 36: 4.
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8. Larson AM, Polson J, Fontana RJ, et al. "Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study". Hepatology 42 (6): 1364–72.doi:10.1002/hep.20948 9. Corey R, Leonard M, Eghtesad B. Acetaminophen: old drug, new warnings [internet]. 2010 [cited 2012 dec 20]: 77 1 19-27. Available from: Cleveland clinic journal of medicine. 10. Sheen CL, Dillon JF, bateman DN, Simpson KJ, Macdonald TM. Paracetamol toxicity: epidemiology, prevention and cots to the healthcare system [internet]. 2002 [cited 2012 dec 20]: 95 (9): 609-619. Available from: Oxford journals medicine. 11. Heirmayani.
Toksikopatologi
Hati
Mencit
Pada
Pemberian
Parasetamol.Bogor: IPB; 2007. 12. Paramita P. Kadar Serum Aspartat Aminotransferase dan Alanin Aminotransferase Pada Tikus Wistar Setelah Pemberian Asetaaminofen Per Oral Dalam Berbagai Dosis. Semarang: Undip; 2007. 13. Sulaiman H.A, Akbar HN, Lesmana LA, Noer HMS. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit hati edisi pertama. Jakarta: Jayabadi; 2007. P17-24, 265-274 14. G.Edward Morgan,Jr, Maged S.M,Michael JM. Clinical Anesthesiology. 4th ed. United States of America. McGraw-Hill; 2006.p 361 - 363 15. Soenarjo, Jatmiko HD. Anestesiologi. Semarang: Ikatan dokter spesialis anestesi dan reanimasi; 2010.p309 - 315 16. Encyclopedia Britannica [internet]. [cited 2013 februari 10]. Available from: http://www.britannica.com/ 17. Price SA, Wilson LM. Patofisiologi konsep klinis proses-proses penyakit edisi 6. Jakarta: EGC; 2006.p 472-515 18. Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam jilid 1 edisi V. Jakarta: Interna publishing; 2009. p627-634, 708-712. 19. Isselbacher KJ, Braunwald E, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Fauci AS, Kasper DL. Editor Harrison prinsip-prinsip ilmu penyakit dalam volume 4. Jakarta: EGC; 2000.p 677-689
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Lampiran 1 Ethical Clearance
54
Lampiran 2 Surat Ijin Penelitian
55
Lampiran 3 Dokumentasi Penelitian 1.Penimbangan sampel tikus wistar jantan
2.Sistem pengandangan tiap kelompok
3.Pakan dan minum standart
56
4.Pemberian parasetamol lewat sonde lambung
5.Pengambilan darah melalui vena periorbita
6.Proses pemeriksaan kadar SGOT
57
Lampiran 4 Hasil Uji Laboratorium Kelompok
Kadar SGOT (U/l)
Kontrol
8,1
Kontrol
14,7
Kontrol
13,1
Kontrol
15,1
Kontrol
10,9
P1
27,1
P1
51,0
P1
48,8
P1
60,7
P1
16,6
P2
67,7
P2
38,1
P2
55,1
P2
43,5
P2
31,0
Keterangan Kontrol
: Tidak diberi perlakuan
P1
: Diberi parasetamol 18mg 4x sehari selama 2 hari
P2
: Diberi parasetamol 18mg 4x sehari selama 4 hari
58
Lampiran 5 Output Uji Statistik 1.Uji normalitas data Case Processing Summary Cases Valid N
Missing
Percent
Kadar SGOT
15
N
Total
Percent
100.0%
0
N
.0%
Percent 15
100.0%
Descriptives Statistic Kadar SGOT
Mean
33.433
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
22.324
Mean
Upper Bound
Std. Error 5.1798
44.543
5% Trimmed Mean
32.937
Median
31.000
Variance
402.455
Std. Deviation
20.0613
Minimum
8.1
Maximum
67.7
Range
59.6
Interquartile Range
36.3
Skewness
.275
.580
-1.413
1.121
Kurtosis
Tests of Normality a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistic Kadar SGOT
df
.199
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig. 15
.112
Statistic .917
df
Sig. 15
.171
59
2. Uji independent t-test (kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan 1) Group Statistics Pemberian Parasetamol Kadar SGOT
N
Mean
kontrol 18mg 4x sehari selama 2 hari
Std. Deviation
Std. Error Mean
5
12.380
2.9072
1.3002
5
40.840
18.2850
8.1773
Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the
Sig. (2F
Sig.
t
Kadar Equal SGOT variances
17.424 .003
assumed
df -
3.437
Mean
Std. Error
tailed) Difference Difference
Difference Lower
Upper
8
.009
-28.4600
8.2800 -47.5538 -9.3662
4.202
.024
-28.4600
8.2800 -51.0195 -5.9005
Equal variances not
3.437
assumed
3. Uji independent t-test (kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan 2) Group Statistics Pemberian Parasetamol Kadar SGOT
kontrol 18mg 4x sehari selama 4 hari
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Std. Error Mean
5
12.380
2.9072
1.3002
5
47.080
14.5046
6.4866
60
Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the
Sig. (2F
Sig.
t
Kadar Equal SGOT variances
8.698 .018
assumed
df -
Mean
Std. Error
tailed) Difference Difference
Difference Lower
Upper
8
.001
-34.7000
6.6156 -49.9557 -19.4443
4.321
.005
-34.7000
6.6156 -52.5423 -16.8577
5.245
Equal variances
-
not
5.245
assumed
4.Uji Statistik ANOVA ANOVA Kadar SGOT Sum of Squares
df
Mean Square
Between Groups
3421.665
2
1710.833
Within Groups
2212.708
12
184.392
Total
5634.373
14
F 9.278
Sig. .004
61
Multiple Comparisons Kadar SGOT LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Pemberian
(J) Pemberian
Parasetamol
Parasetamol
kontrol
18mg 4x sehari selama 2 hari 18mg 4x sehari selama 4 hari
18mg 4x sehari
kontrol
selama 2 hari
18mg 4x sehari
Mean
Std.
Difference (I-J)
Error
kontrol
selama 4 hari
18mg 4x sehari
Upper
Bound
Bound
-28.4600
*
8.5882 .006
-47.172
-9.748
-34.7000
*
8.5882 .002
-53.412
-15.988
28.4600
*
8.5882 .006
9.748
47.172
-6.2400
8.5882 .481
-24.952
12.472
*
8.5882 .002
15.988
53.412
6.2400
8.5882 .481
-12.472
24.952
selama 4 hari 18mg 4x sehari
Sig.
Lower
selama 2 hari *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
34.7000
62
Lampiran 6 Daftar Riwayat Hidup Identitas Nama NIM Tempat/tanggal lahir Jenis kelamin Alamat Nomor Telpon Nomor HP e-mail
: Alif Adlan Zulizar : G2A009134 : Kebumen, 15 September 1990 : Lak-laki : Jalan Tirto Mukti VIII/1, Semarang : (024) 6715109 : 08560221885 :
[email protected],
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal 1. SD : SD SUPRIYADI 2. SMP : SMPN 2 Semarang 3. SMA : SMA SEMESTA Semarang 4. FK UNDIP :
Lulus tahun Lulus tahun Lulus tahun Masuk tahun
Keanggotaan Organisasi 1. Staf Bidang Hubungan Luar Negri BEM KU UNDIP 2. Anggota Medical Creative Art FK UNDIP 3. Ketua Medical Creative Art FK UNDIP 4. Anggota Komisi Disiplin Pemilihan Raya FK UNDIP 5. Ketua Komisi Disiplin Pemilihan Raya FK UNDIP 6. Sie Acara PMB FK UNDIP 7. Sie Publikasi Dokumentasi Sientific Fair 2011 8. Sie Acara Pekan Olahraga Seni 2011 FK UNDIP 9. Sie Acara Kemah Bakti 2012 FK UNDIP
Tahun 2009 s/d 2010 Tahun 2009 s/d 2011 Tahun 2011 s/d 2012 Tahun 2010 Tahun 2011 Tahun 2010 Tahun 2011 Tahun 2011 Tahun 2012
Pengalaman penelitian Belum ada Pengalaman publikasi tulisan ilmiah Belum ada Pengalaman presentasi karya ilmiah Belum ada Pengalaman mengikuti lomba karya ilmiah Belum ada
: 2003 : 2006 : 2009 : 2009
