Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12. Use. Structure. Basic sentence. :Only studied in MARUGOTO (Starter A1 Rikai). 1. Used when say...
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2. Reported Speech – It is the night of the dance. Jane and Mary are sitting at a table, watching the dancefloor. “So, Jane, why are you here all by yourself?”
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Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12
に ます
1
ni masu
Basic sentence １がつに さっぽろに いきます。 Ic hi-gat su ni Sapp or o ni ikimasu. I'll go to Sapporo in January.
Use Used when saying what one does (or will do) and when.
Structure ～がつ ～にち ～ようび
に
V
ます。
に
V
ます。
V
ますか。
～じ きょう らいしゅう らいげつ らい ねん いつ
:O nl y s t u di e d in M A RU G OTO (S t ar t e r A1 R ik ai)
Examples ①日よう日に パーティーに いきます。 Nic hiyoobi ni paathii ni ikimasu. I'll go to the party on Sunday.
②Ａ：いつ とうきょうに いきますか。 A: It su Took yoo ni ikimasu ka. A: When will you go to Tokyo?
Ｂ：３月に いきます。 B: San-gat su ni ikimasu. B: I'll go there in March.
③Ａ：いつ えいがを 見ますか。 A: It su e e ga o mimasu ka. A: When will you watch the movie?
Ｂ：らいしゅう 見ます。 B: Rais huu mimasu. B: I'll watch the movie next week.
Commentary A.「に」 indicates that N is the time an event takes place. B.「に」 cannot be preceded by words like 「今(いま)」 「きのう」 「きょう」 「あした」 or the interrogative 「いつ」. (③)
Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12
に
2
が あります
ni ga arimasu
Basic sentence どようびに コンサートが あります。 D oyo obi ni kons aato ga arimasu. There is a concert on Saturday.
Use Used when saying when an event or happening will take place.
Structure
N
が
あります。
に
N
が
あります。
に
N
が
あります。
が
ありますか。
～がつ ～にち ～ようび ～じ きょう らいしゅう らいげつ らい ねん なに いつ
N
:O nl y s t u di e d in M A RU G OTO (S t ar t e r A1 R ik ai)
Examples ①は なびたいかいが あります。 Hanabi-taikai ga arimasu. There is a fireworks display.
②日よう日に パーティーが あります。 Nic hiyoobi ni paathii ga arimasu. There is a party on Sunday.
③Ａ：いつ たいこコンサートが ありますか。 A: It su taiko-kons aato ga arimasu ka. A: When is the taiko drum concert?
Ｂ：４月３０日に あります。 B: Shi-gat su s anjuu-nic hi ni arimasu. B: It's on April 30th.
④Ａ：パーティーは いつ ありますか。 A: Paathii wa it su arimasu ka. A: When is the party?
Ｂ：あした あります。
B: As hita arimasu. B: It's tomorrow.
Commentary A.「Nがあります」 indicates that an event or happening will take place. B.「に」 indicates that N is the time an event takes place. C.「に」 cannot be preceded by words like 「今(いま)」 「きのう」 「きょう」 「あした」 or the interrogative 「いつ」. (④)
Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12
3
で
が ありま す
de
ga arimasu
Basic sentence こくさいホールで えいがが あります。 Kokus ai-Hoor u de e e ga ga arimasu.
There is a movie showing at the Kokusai Hall.
Use Used when saying where an event or happening takes (will take) place.
Structure N1 (Place)
で
どこ
で
N2 (Happening/ Event)
N2(Happening/ Event)
が
あります。
が
ありますか。
:O nl y s t u di e d in M A RU G OTO (S t ar t e r A1 R ik ai)
Examples ①ＪＦス ポーツセンターで けんどうが あります。 JF-Sup oot su-Sentaa de ke ndoo ga arimasu. There's kendo at the JF sports center.
②みなとまちで ゴール デンウィークに いろいろな イベントが あります。 Minato-Mac hi de G oor ude n-Uiiku ni ir oir ona ib e nto ga arimasu. There are various events held in Minato-Machi during Golden Week.
③Ａ：どこで たいこコンサートが ありますか。 A: D oko de taiko-kons aato ga arimasu ka. A: Where is there a taiko drum concert?
Ｂ：こくさいホールで あります。 B: Kokus ai-Hoor u de arimasu. B: There's one at Kokusai Hall.
Ａ：いつ ありますか。 A: It su arimasu ka. A: When is it?
Ｂ：４月３０日に あります。 B: Shi-gat su s anjuu-nic hi ni arimasu. B: It's on April 30th.
④Ａ：５月４日に なにが ありますか。 A: G o-gat su yokka ni nani ga arimasu ka. A: What's on May 4th?
Ｂ：みなとパークで ダンスコンテストが あります。 B: Minato-Paaku de dansu-konte suto ga arimasu. B: There's a dance contest in Minato Park.
Commentary A.「Nがあります」 indicates that an event or happening takes place. In this case, 「で」 is used to indicate the place the event took place, rather than 「に」.
Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12
を に いきます
4
o
ni ikimasu
Basic sentence すもうを みに いきます。 Sumo o o mi ni ikimasu.
I'll go to watch sumo wrestling.
Use Used when saying what one goes (will go) to do.
Structure V
に
いきます。
:O nl y s t u di e d in M A RU G OTO (S t ar t e r A1 R ik ai)
Examples ①わたしは ぼんさいコンテストを 見に いきます。 Watashi wa b ons ai-konte suto o mi ni ikimasu. I'll go to watch a bonsai contest.
②こうえんに しゃしんを とりに いきます。 Ko o e n ni shashin o tori ni ikimasu. I go to the park to take pictures.
③Ａ：らいしゅうの やすみに なにを しますか。 A: Raishuu no yasumi ni nani o shimasu ka. A: What are you going to do on your next day off?
Ｂ：アニメの ＤＶＤを かいに いきます。 B: Anime no dhiibuidhii o kai ni ikimasu. B: I'm going to buy some anime DVDs.
Commentary A. V can be made by removing 「ます」 from 「Vます」, as in 「行(い)きます → 行(い)き」. B.「に」 indicates that V is the purpose of the movement one makes.
Grammar Notes Topic6 Holidays and Days off 1 Lesson 12
ま せ ん か／
5
ま しょう
mas en ka mashoo
Basic sentence いっしょに こうえんに いきませんか。 Is s ho ni koo en ni ikimas e n ka.
Why don't we go to the park together?
いきましょう。 Ikimas ho o.
Yes, shall we?
Use 「～ませんか」 is used when inviting someone to do something. 「～ましょう」 is used as a response when accepting an invitation.
Structure いっしょに
V
ませんか。
V
ましょう。
Examples ①Ａ：あした いっしょに こうえんに いきませんか。 A: Ashita is sho ni koo e n ni ikimas e n ka. A: Do you want to go to the park with me tomorrow?
Ｂ：いいですね。いきましょう。 B: Ii de su ne. Ikimashoo. B: That's a good idea. Let's go.
②Ａ：らいしゅう まつりが ありますよ。いっしょに 見に いきませんか。
A: Raishuu mat suri ga arimasu yo. Is sho ni mi ni ikimas e n ka. A: There is a festival next week. Do you want to go and watch it together?
Ｂ：いいですね。見に いきましょう。 B: Ii de su ne. Mi ni ikimashoo. B: Yes. Let's go watch.
③Ａ：土よう日に いっしょに カラオケを しませんか。 A: D oyoobi ni is sho ni karaoke o shimas e n ka.
A: Do you want to go to karaoke with me on Saturday?
Ｂ：土よう日は ちょっと・・・。すみません。 B: D oyoobi wa c hot to…. Sumimas e n. B: Sorry, I'm a little busy on Saturday.
Commentary A. V can be made by removing 「ます」 from 「V ます」, as in 「 行(い)きます → 行(い)き」. B. When declining an invitation, the following response is often used: 「～はちょっと・・・。すみません。」 「～はだめです。すみません。」 （③） Note: ちょっと = a bit (That's a bit inconvenient for me.)
