KEY PHYSIO | Joint Review Worksheet | Part One Directions: Answer the following questions using your notes and or the book. 1. An alternative name for a joint: Articulation 2. What does the prefix ‘arthr’ mean? Joint 3. How is movement within a joint determined? a. Shape of the articulating bones b. The flexibility of the ligaments that join bones together c. The tension of associated muscles and tendons 4. The structural classification of bones is based on which two criteria? a. The presence or absence of a synovial cavity b. The type of connective tissue that binds the bones together 5. Structurally joints are classified as: a. Fibrous b. Cartilaginous c. Synovial Match the following joint characteristics with their joint. Choices may be used once, more than once, or not at all. 6. Fibrous Joints: a, b 7. Cartilaginous Joints: b, c 8. Synovial Joints: d, e, f, g
9. The functional classification of joints relates to… The degree of movement allowed by the joint. 10. Functionally joints are classified as: a. Immovable = Synarthrosis (synarthrotic) b. Slightly Movable = Amphiarthrosis (amphiarthrotic) c. Freely Movable = Diarthrosis (diarthrotic)
a. b. c. d. e. f. g.
Fibrous Connective Tissue Lack a Synovial Cavity Cartilage Have a Synovial Cavity Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Articular Capsule Ligaments
11. Fill in the following table about joints: Description Type interlocking seams
Example/Description of Joint
Functional Class
Structural Class
Joint
Synarthrosis (Synarthrotic)
fibrous
suture
Synarthrosis (Synarthrotic)
fibrous
gomphosis
peg-and-socket joint
Root of tooth and mandabile/maxilla
synarthrosis (immovable)
cartilaginous
Synchondrosis
hyaline cartilage joint
between diaphysis and epiphysis in long bones
syndesmosis
ligament or distal interosseous membrane
joint of tibia and fibula
Amphiarthrosis (Amphiarthrotic)
fibrous
Symphyisis
fibrocartilage acts as compressible cushion
between cranial bones
amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)
cartilaginous
diarthrosis (freely movable)
synovial
Planar
two sliding surfaces
between carpals
Diarthrosis (Diarthrotic
synovial
hinge
Opening & closing motion
between humerus & ulna
diarthrosis (freely movable)
synovial
pivot
Diarthrosis (Diarthrotic)
synovial
condyloid
diarthrosis (freely movable) Diarthrosis (Diarthrotic)
synovial
synovial
rounded end fits into ring of bone and ligament Convex oval shape fits into the concave oval shape of another bone
intervertebral discs of vertebral column
Between radius & ulna, atlantoaxial joint:between between altas (C1) & axis (C2) vertebrae ) between metacarpals and phalanges
saddle
each surface is both concave and convex
Between carpal & metacarpal of thumb
Ball & Socket
ball-shaped head with cup-shaped socket
between femur and pelvis
12. Using the picture, label the structural and functional category of each joint:
a. (1) Structure: Synovial = Ball & Socket, Function: Diarthrotosis b. (2) Structure: Synovial = Hinge, Function: Diarthrosis c. (3) Structure: Cartilaginous = Symphysis, Function: Amphiarthrosis d. (4) Structure: Synovial = Condyloid, Function: Diarthrosis e. (5) Structure: Fibrous = Syndesmosis, Function: Amphiarthrosis f. (6) Structure: Fibrous = Suture, Function: Synarthrosis g. (7) Structure: Synovial = Pivot, Function = Diarthrosis h. (8) Structure: Cartilaginous = Synchrondrosis, Function: Synarthrosis i.
(9) Structure: Synovial = Ball & Socket, Function: Diarthrosis
j.
(10) Structure: Synovial = Hinge, Function: Diarthrosis
k. (11) Structure: Fibrous = Gomphosis, Function: Synarthrosis
13. Using the pictures below decide which type of synovial joint they belong to. You may write the answer on the line provided in each of the pictures. a. (1): Saddle Joint b. (2): Hinge c. (3): Planar d. (4): Ball & Socket e. (5): Condyloid f. (6): Pivot
