a encíclica rerum novarum e o princípio da subsidiariedade - TRT9

/XL](GXDUGR*XQWKHU :LOOLDQV)UDQNOLQ/LUDGRV6DQWRV

A ENCÍCLICA RERUM NOVARUM E O PRINCÍPIO DA SUBSIDIARIEDADE1 /XL](GXDUGR*XQWKHU :LOOLDQV)UDQNOLQ/LUDGRV6DQWRV

Resumo 2 DUWLJR GHEUXoDVH VREUH D LPSRUWkQFLD DWXDO GD (QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumDQRVDSyVDVXDHGLomR&RPSDUDDFRPGXDVRXWUDV REUDVLPSRUWDQWHVA Riqueza das NaçõesGH$GDP6PLWKHRManifesto Comunista GH .DUO 0DU[ H )ULHGULFK (QJHOV ([DPLQD R TXH D (QFtFOLFD SURS}HVREUHDFRQGLomRGRVRSHUiULRVHRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGH Sumário$LPSRUWkQFLDKLVWyULFDHMXUtGLFDGD(QFtFOLFDRerum Novarum $V SUHRFXSDo}HV VREUH DV FRQGLo}HV GRV RSHUiULRV 2 SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH&RQVLGHUDo}HVILQDLV5HIHUrQFLDV 1. A importância histórica e jurídica da Encíclica Rerum Novarum &RPSOHWDPVH FHQWR H YLQWH DQRV GD HGLomR GD (QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumQHVWHDQRGH 7RUQDVHQHFHVViULRSRUWDQWROHPEUDUFRPHPRUDUHID]HUQmRVy (VWHWUDEDOKRpUHVXOWDGRGD3DOHVWUDDSUHVHQWDGDQRHYHQWRSURPRYLGRSHOR7ULEXQDO5HJLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGR 3DUDQiHSRUVXD(VFROD-XGLFLDOVREUHRWHPD “A Encíclica Rerum Novarum e o Trabalho 120 anos depois”, no dia GHPDLRGHTXHLQVSLURXROLYUR“Rerum Novarum: Estudos em Homenagem aos 120 anos da Encíclica Papal”,SXEOLFDGRSHOD-XUXi(GLWRUDFRRUGHQDGRHRUJDQL]DGRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHSHORVDXWRUHVGHVWHDUWLJRH SHORV3URIHVVRUHV0DUFR$QW{QLR&pVDU9LOODWRUHH5RQDOG6LONDGH$OPHLGD

'HVHPEDUJDGRU)HGHUDOGR7UDEDOKRH'LUHWRUGD(VFROD-XGLFLDOGR757GD5HJLmR 3URIHVVRU GR&HQWUR8QLYHUVLWiULR&XULWLED81,&85,7,%$PHPEURGD$FDGHPLD1DFLRQDOGH'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKRGR ,QVWLWXWR+LVWyULFRH*HRJUiILFRGR3DUDQiHGD$VVRFLDomR/DWLQR$PHULFDQDGH-Xt]HVGR7UDEDOKR

$VVHVVRU -XUtGLFR GD 3UHVLGrQFLD GR 757 GD 5HJLmR 0HVWUH HP 'LUHLWR (PSUHVDULDO H &LGDGDQLD SHOR 81,&85,7,%$(VSHFLDOLVWDHP'LUHLWRSHOD8)35HSHOD38&35*UDGXDGRHP/HWUDVSHOD8)35,QWHJUDQWH GD $FDGHPLD %UDVLOHLUD GH 'LUHLWR 3URFHVVXDO &LYLO $%'3& GD Asociación Iberoamericana de Derecho Del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social$,'766 HGD6RFLHGDGH%UDVLOHLUDGH(VWXGRV&OiVVLFRV6%(&

Rev. TRT - 9ª R., Curitiba, a. 37, n. 68, p.81-110, Jan./ Jun. 2012

93

$(QFtFOLFDRerum Novarum e o 3ULQFtSLRGD6XEVLGLDULHGDGH

XP UHJLVWUR KLVWyULFR PDV VREUHWXGR DSUHVHQWDU XPD PHPyULD GR TXH ILFRXHGRTXHHVWiVHQGRFRQVWUXtGRUHODWLYDPHQWHDRGLUHLWRGRWUDEDOKR $ILQDOGHFRQWDVQmRpVHPSUHTXHVHFRPHPRUDPDLVGHXPVpFXOR FHQWRHYLQWHDQRV GHXPDSHVVRDRXGHDOJXPDREUD 7UDWDVH GH ID]HU XPD QRYD OHLWXUD GHVVD DQLYHUVDULDQWH LOXVWUH D SULPHLUD(QFtFOLFDVRFLDOVREXPWUtSOLFHROKDU2OKDUSDUDWUiVYLVXDOL]DQGR RFRQWH[WRGRILPGRVpFXOR;,;QRTXDOHVVHGRFXPHQWRVXUJHHSDUD RVSULQFtSLRVIXQGDPHQWDLVTXHSURFXUDIRUPXODU2OKDUDRUHGRUSDUDDV FRLVDVTXHVXUJLUDPGXUDQWHRVpFXOR;;0DVSULQFLSDOPHQWHROKDUSDUD RIXWXURSURFXUDQGRYLVXDOL]DURWHUFHLURPLOrQLRFDUUHJDGRGHLQFyJQLWDV HGHSURPHVVDV 3DUD VH WHU XPD LGHLD GR TXH UHSUHVHQWRX D (QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumHPH[HPSOLILFDVHFRPXPSUREOHPDJUDYHHUHFHQWH1D pSRFDGD(QFtFOLFDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVQmRWLQKDPTXDOTXHUWLSRGHSURWHomR SDUDGHVHQYROYHUVXDVDWLYLGDGHVQDVPLQDVQDVIiEULFDVRXQDVLQG~VWULDV 23DSD/HmR;,,,UHWUDWRXDVGLILFXOGDGHVHSURS{VDOJXPDVVROXo}HV 3RGHVH HP FRPSDUDomR D RXWUR DFRQWHFLPHQWR DWXDO OHPEUDU GDSURIXQGDFULVHHFRQ{PLFDTXHVDFXGLXRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVKiGRLVWUrV DQRVHQXPSURFHVVRHPFDGHLDWDPEpPDOJXQVSDtVHVGD(XURSD3DUD LVVR WRUQDVH QHFHVViULR UHFRUUHU D DOJXQV DXWRUHV H REUDV TXH WUDWDUDP GR SUREOHPD VRFLDO H HFRQ{PLFR FRP SURIXQGLGDGH (VVHV HVFULWRV IXQGDPHQWDLVYHULILFDUDPHVSHFLDOPHQWHRSDSHOGR(VWDGRQDHFRQRPLD HQDVRFLHGDGH 9DOHDSHQDOHPEUDUGHWUrVREUDVSHORPHQRVDVPDLVVLJQLILFDWLYDV A Riqueza das Nações GH $GDP 6PLWK O Manifesto Comunista GH .DUO 0DU[H)ULHGULFK(QJHOVHD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumGR3DSD/HmR;,,, 4XDQGR QRV UHIHULPRV DR OLYUR Investigação sobre a natureza e as causas da riqueza das naçõesGRHVFRFrV$GDP6PLWKGHDSULPHLUD IUDVHTXHOHPEUDPRVpá mão invisível do mercado governará o mundoµ É9,/$6-3H)HUQDQGR%DVWRVA doutrina social da igreja'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFQORUJEUSXE SXEOLFDFRHVIFDDIFIGEHDFHHEGRF!$FHVVRHP

94



1R SODQR GD WHRULD HFRQ{PLFD 6PLWK p R SULPHLUR HVWXGLRVR D WRPDU SRU REMHWR FHQWUDO D SURGXomR HP VHX DVSHFWR VRFLDO RX HP VtQWHVHRWUDEDOKR$ULTXH]DGDVQDo}HVGHSHQGHIXQGDPHQWDOPHQWHGR trabalho 0DV VXD QRomR GH WUDEDOKR p LQVHSDUiYHO GH VXD FRQFHSomR GH OLEHUGDGH QDWXUDO 'Dt SRUTXH HVVH DXWRU YDL VH GHWHU QDV TXHVW}HV REMHWLYDPHQWHKXPDQDVHVRFLDLVGRWUDEDOKR7UDWDDVVLPGDHILFiFLDGR WUDEDOKRTXHQDVVRFLHGDGHVFLYLOL]DGDVDGYpPGD´GLYLVmRGRWUDEDOKRµ GHSHQGHQWHGDH[WHQVmRGRPHUFDGRGDPDLRURXPHQRUDEXQGkQFLDGH FDSLWDLV (P QRPH GD ÓLEHUGDGH QDWXUDOµ VHJXQGR 6PLWK D PHOKRU RUJDQL]DomR HFRQ{PLFD VH DOFDQoD HVSRQWDQHDPHQWH GHYHQGR R KRPHP FRQGX]LUVHOLYUHPHQWHDRVDERUGRVVHXVSUySULRVLQWHUHVVHV &RQGHQD 6PLWK HP VtQWHVH D LQWHUYHQomR GR (VWDGR TXHU QRV QHJyFLRVLQGLYLGXDLVTXHUQRFRQYtYLRLQWHUQDFLRQDO $ VXD REUD VHPSUH p OHPEUDGD UHFRUGHVH FRPR PDUFR GR OLEHUDOLVPRR(VWDGRPtQLPR (PWHUPRVGHLPSRUWkQFLDKLVWyULFDDREUDTXHYHPDVHJXLUpR Manifesto ComunistaGH.DUO0DU[H)ULHGULFK(QJHOVGH 'XDVIUDVHVTXHID]HPSDUWHGHVVHOLYURVmRVHPSUHOHPEUDGDVD ´Proletários do mundo inteiro, uni-vosµHE ´Tudo que é sólido se desmancha no arµ (PGHIHYHUHLURGH.DUO0DU[H)ULHGULFK(QJHOVSXEOLFDUDP o folheto Manifesto ComunistaRSULPHLURHVERoRGDWHRULDUHYROXFLRQiULD TXHPDLVWDUGHVHULDFKDPDGDGHmarxismo 60,7+$GDPRiqueza das naçõesHGLomRFRQGHQVDGD7UDGXomR1RUEHUWRGH3DXOD/LPD6mR3DXOR)ROKD GH6mR3DXOR 60,7+$GDPInvestigação sobre a natureza e as causas da riqueza das nações7UDGXomRGH&RQFHLomR -DUGLP0DULDGR&DUPR&DU\H(GXDUGR/~FLR1RJXHLUD6mR3DXOR$EULO&XOWXUDOS

%,77$5(GXDUGR&%H$/0(,'$*XLOKHUPH$VVLVGHCurso de filosofia do direito6mR3DXOR$WODV S

:,/621(GPXQGRumo à estação Finlândia7UDGXomRGH3DXOR+HQULTXHV%ULWWR6mR3DXOR&RPSDQKLD GDV/HWUDVS


95


,QLFLDOPHQWH R PDU[LVPR p XPD WHRULD SROtWLFD TXH H[SOLFD D KLVWyULDXQLYHUVDOFRPRKLVWyULDGDOXWDGHFODVVHVRTXHVHFKDPDULDGH PDWHULDOLVPRKLVWyULFRHSUHYrRILPGRFDSLWDOLVPRSHODVVXDVFRQWUDGLo}HV LQWHUQDVTXHFXOPLQDULDPHPXPDUHYROXomRGRSUROHWDULDGR $OpPGHH[SOLFDUGHWDOKDGDPHQWHDTXHOHVSUREOHPDVHFRQ{PLFRV R PDU[LVPR WDPEpP p XPD WHRULD VRFLROyJLFD HPERUD PXLWRV PDU[LVWDV UHMHLWHP D VRFLRORJLD XPD WHRULD VRFLROyJLFD WUDWDQGR GD DOLHQDomR GR KRPHPSHORPHFDQLVPRGDSURGXomRHSHODGLYLVmRGRWUDEDOKR 7DPEpPpRPDU[LVPRXPDWHRULDILORVyILFDDFHLWDQGRDGLDOpWLFDGH +HJHOPDVLQWHUSUHWDQGRDGHPDQHLUDGLIHUHQWHVXEVWLWXLQGRRLGHDOLVPR KHJHOLDQRSRUXPDILORVRILDPDWHULDOLVWD9 2PDU[LVPRTXHUVHUXPVRFLDOLVPRFLHQWtILFRUHMHLWDQGRRVPRWLYRV ILODQWUySLFRVHVHQWLPHQWDLVHRVLGHDLVXWySLFRVGRVVRFLDOLVWDVGDSULPHLUD PHWDGHGRVpFXOR;,;$FHLWDFRPRVXDVIRQWHVVyRPDWHULDOLVPRIUDQFrV GRVpFXOR;9,,,DILORVRILDLGHDOLVWDDOHPmGH+HJHO HDHFRQRPLDSROtWLFD LQJOHVDVREUHWXGR5LFDUGR 3RGHVHID]HUXPFRUWHQRWH[WRHGL]HUGHIRUPDFRPSDUDWLYDHQWUH esses dois autores, que: SDUD $GDP 6PLWK R PDLV LPSRUWDQWH FRQVLVWLD QD OLEHUGDGH D PHQRUSUHVHQoDSRVVtYHOGR(VWDGRQDHFRQRPLD$TXLWHPRVDSURSULHGDGH SULYDGDFRPRHVVHQFLDO SDUD 0DU[ H (QJHOV R PDLV LPSRUWDQWH FRQVLVWLD QD LJXDOGDGH VHQGRIXQGDPHQWDOXPDPDLRUSUHVHQoDGR(VWDGR$TXLWHPRVRVPHLRV GHSURGXomRHDSURSULHGDGHSULYDGDSRUWDQWR FHQWUDOL]DGRVQDVPmRVGR (VWDGR 'HVGHTXDQGRDSDUHFHXDREUDGH$GDP6PLWKHPDQLIHVWRX VHDWHRULDGROLEHUDOLVPRSROtWLFRHHFRQ{PLFRDWpYLUDOXPHR0DQLIHVWR &RPXQLVWDHPGHFRUUHUDPVHWHQWDHGRLV DQRV 0$5; .DUO Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos e outros textos escolhidos 6HOHomR SRU -RVp $UWKXU *LDQQRWWL6mR3DXOR$EULO&XOWXUDO

9

0$5;.DUO+HLQULFKO capitalHGLomRFRQGHQVDGD&RQGHQVDGRU*DEULHO'HYLOOH7UDGXomR0XULOR&RHOKR 6mR3DXOR)ROKDGH6mR3DXOR

96



eEHPYHUGDGHTXHDREUDGH0DU[DSDQKDD5HYROXomR,QGXVWULDO HWRGRVRVVHXVSUREOHPDVHPDQGDPHQWRHRVFRQIOLWRVVmRPXLWRVpULRV 3DUDTXHPTXLVHUFRQKHFHUDVWUDJpGLDVGHVVHSHUtRGRRVDEXVRVSUDWLFDGRV SHORVHPSUHViULRVHDVSpVVLPDVFRQGLo}HVGHYLGDHPTXHVHHQFRQWUDYDP RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV p LPSUHVFLQGtYHO OHU D REUD Germinal GR IUDQFrV ËPLOH =ROD7DPEpPH[LVWHPGLYHUVDVYHUV}HVGHVVHOLYURGLVSRQtYHLVHPILOPHV 3DVVDUDPVH PDLV TXDUHQWD H WUrV DQRV DWp TXH HP HGLWRXVHD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumGR3DSD/HmR;,,, $RULHQWDomRVRFLDOIRLDPDUFDGRSHUtRGRGHDWXDomRGR3DSD/HmR ;,,, 6XD DWXDomR HYLWD TXH JUDQGHV PDVVDV GH WUDEDOKDGRUHV FRQWLQXHP VDLQGRGDVKRVWHVFDWyOLFDV$RPHVPRWHPSRWRUQDRVFDSLWDOLVWDVILOLDGRVj ,JUHMDPDLVVHQVtYHLVjGUDPiWLFDFRQGLomRGRVVHXVHPSUHJDGRV1XPHURVRV JRYHUQRV HVSHFLDOPHQWH GH SDtVHV FDWyOLFRV VmR WDPEpP LQIOXHQFLDGRV SRUHVVDDWXDomR 0DVpSULQFLSDOPHQWHFRPVXD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumSXEOLFDGD HPGHPDLRGH TXHR3DSD/HmR;,,,GHL[DVHXQRPHJUDYDGRQD KLVWyULDGD,JUHMD (QFtFOLFDpXPDFDUWDFLUFXODUSRQWLItFLDGR3DSDSRUWDQWRRerum Novarum p XPD ORFXomR ODWLQD TXH TXHU GL]HU 'DV &RLVDV 1RYDV 'DV ,QRYDo}HV $ (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum WHP XP VXEWtWXOR LPSRUWDQWH ´sobre a condição dos operáriosµ 1HVVHGRFXPHQWRpGHIHQGLGRRGLUHLWRGRWUDEDOKDGRUGHVHXQLUHP VLQGLFDWRVHFRRSHUDWLYDV$UHXQLmRHPVLQGLFDWRVGXUDQWHPXLWRWHPSRIRL SURLELGDKDYHQGRDWpFRQGHQDo}HVFULPLQDLVDUHVSHLWRSRUVHUFRQVLGHUDGD DWLYLGDGH LOtFLWD 'HSRLV IRL WROHUDGD H KRMH SULQFLSDOPHQWH D SDUWLU GDV &RQVWLWXLo}HVGR0p[LFRGH HGH:HLPDUGH DYLQFXODomR GRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDRVVLQGLFDWRVHRGLUHLWRGHJUHYHSDVVDUDPDJDUDQWLDV IXQGDPHQWDLVQRV(VWDGRVGHPRFUiWLFRVPRGHUQRV&RQWULEXLXSDUDLVVRR UHFRQKHFLPHQWRGDLPSRUWkQFLDGRVVLQGLFDWRVSRUHVVD(QFtFOLFD 5HDILUPDPVHQD(QFtFOLFDRVGLUHLWRVGDIDPtOLDHGDSURSULHGDGH SULYDGDFRQWUDRVDEXVRVGR(VWDGR0DVWDPEpPVHGHIHQGHDQHFHVVLGDGH GR(VWDGRSURWHJHURVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHVXDVRUJDQL]Do}HVVLQGLFDLV


97


eDSULPHLUDPDQLIHVWDomRDEHUWDGD,JUHMDQHVVHVHQWLGRHFRPR FRQVHTXrQFLDVXUJHPVLQGLFDWRVFDWyOLFRVHPGLYHUVRVSDtVHVHXURSHXV 3DUWLGRV SROtWLFRV H[LVWHQWHV HVSHFLDOPHQWH QD $OHPDQKD H QD %pOJLFD WrP JUDQGH LPSXOVR H MXQWDPHQWH FRP RV VLQGLFDWRV SDVVDP D H[HUFHUVHQVtYHOLQIOXrQFLDQRVJRYHUQRV 9DOHOHPEUDUTXHQR%UDVLOQHVVHDQRRFRUUHXDSURPXOJDomRGD QRVVD SULPHLUD &RQVWLWXLomR 5HSXEOLFDQD (P KDYLD VLGR DEROLGD D HVFUDYLGmRHHPSURFODPDGDD5HS~EOLFD +iXPDUHODomRHQWUHD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumHDSURFODPDomR GD 5HS~EOLFD QR %UDVLO HVSHFLDOPHQWH D SDUWLU GD DQiOLVH GDV FDXVDV GR VXUJLPHQWRGRFRRSHUDWLYLVPRHPQRVVRSDtV4XDWURVHULDPHVVDVFDXVDV D D YLQGD GH LPLJUDQWHV FRPR RV LPLJUDQWHV Mi WLQKDP FRQKHFLPHQWR GR FRRSHUDWLYLVPR HP VHXV SDtVHV DR FKHJDUHP DTXL WDPEpP FULDUDP FRRSHUDWLYDVE RVHVWXGDQWHVERDSDUWHGRVILOKRVGHEXUJXHVHVHVWXGDYD QD (XURSD Oi HOHV WLQKDP FRQWDWR FRP R FRRSHUDWLYLVPR H TXDQGR UHWRUQDYDP FRORFDYDP HP SUiWLFD VHXV SULQFtSLRV F D (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum R 3DSD /HmR ;,,, HVFUHYHX D (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum, que DMXGRXDQDVFHUHDIUXWLILFDURFRRSHUDWLYLVPRQRSDtVG D5HS~EOLFD HP GH PDLR GH D /HL ÉXUHD p DVVLQDGD 'HVVD IRUPD RV QHJURV WLQKDPDPmRGHREUDPDVQmRGHWLQKDPFDSLWDO(RFRQWUiULRDFRQWHFLD FRPRVEUDQFRVTXHGHWLQKDPDSHQDVRFDSLWDO)DWRTXHFXOPLQRXFRPD EXVFDGHXPDDOWHUQDWLYDYLiYHODWRGRV2JRYHUQRGDpSRFDDSRVWRXQR FRRSHUDWLYLVPRFRPRXPDVROXomRSODXVtYHO 3RGHVH IDODU HQWmR QRV FKDPDGRV PDUFRV WHyULFRV GDV UHODo}HV WUDEDOKLVWDV 0HQFLRQDVH R PDUFR WHyULFR PDU[LVWDVRFLDOLVWD H R PDUFR WHyULFRGDGRXWULQDVRFLDOFULVWm $ yWLFD PDU[LVWD GDV UHODo}HV WUDEDOKLVWDV VHJXQGR ,YHV *DQGUD 0DUWLQV)LOKRGLULJHVHQRVHQWLGRGHTXHós trabalhadores só obterão seus direitos através do enfrentamento com seus empregadores, o que faz das relações

Relação entre a Encíclica Rerum Novarum e a proclamação da República.'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZZLNLSHGLD FRPEU!$FHVVRHP

98



trabalhistas algo extremamente conflituoso” (PVHQWLGRGLYHUVRRXWURPDUFRWHyULFRGHYHVHUPHQFLRQDGRSRU IXQGDPHQWDU D WXWHOD HVWDWDO QDV UHODo}HV ODERUDLV SDUWLQGR ´da premissa ideológica da natural solidariedade humana” 7UDWDVH GD (QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumGR3DSD/HmR;,,, SXEOLFDGDHPDWXDOL]DGD VXFHVVLYDPHQWHSRURXWURV3DSDVQRVHDQLYHUViULRV GHVVDSULPHLUD(QFtFOLFDVRFLDO QDTXLORTXHVHFRQYHQFLRQRXFKDPDUGH ´doutrina social cristã” )HLWDHVVDDQiOLVHFRPSDUDWLYDHQWUHDVWUrVREUDVTXHFRQVLGHUDPRV DVPDLVLPSRUWDQWHVHPWHUPRVLGHROyJLFRVSDUDDIRUPDomRGRMXVODERUDOLVPR SRGHVH GLYLGLU D KLVWyULD GR 'LUHLWR GR 7UDEDOKR HP TXDWUR SHUtRGRV GHQRPLQDGRVGHIRUPDomRLQWHQVLILFDomRFRQVROLGDomRHDXWRQRPLD 2SULPHLURSHUtRGRFKDPDGRGHformaçãoYDLGHD8PD OHLLQJOHVDGHSURtEHRWUDEDOKRGRVPHQRUHVjQRLWHHSRUGXUDomRVXSHULRU DGR]HKRUDVGLiULDV(PSURLELXVHQD)UDQoDRWUDEDOKRGHPHQRUHVQDV PLQDV(PQD,QJODWHUUDDFRDOL]mRGHL[DGHFRQVWLWXLUFULPH 1RVHJXQGRSHUtRGRQRPLQDGRGHintensificaçãoD RV DFRQWHFLPHQWRV PDLV LPSRUWDQWHV IRUDP D SXEOLFDomR GR Manifesto ComunistaGH0DU[H(QJHOVHDLPSODQWDomRGDSULPHLUDIRUPDGHVHJXUR VRFLDOQD$OHPDQKDHPQRJRYHUQRGH%LVPDUFN 2 WHUFHLUR SHUtRGR LQWLWXODGR GH consolidação D FDUDFWHUL]DVHSHODLPSRUWDQWHFRQIHUrQFLDDUHVSHLWRGR'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKR UHDOL]DGDHP%HUOLP HVREUHWXGRSHODSXEOLFDomRGD(QFtFOLFD3DSDO Rerum Novarum&RLVDV1RYDV GR3DSD/HmR;,,,SUHFRQL]DQGRRVDOiULR MXVWR 0$57,16),/+2,YHV*DQGUD$-XVWLoDGR7UDEDOKRHDKDUPRQL]DomRGDVUHODo}HVHQWUHFDSLWDOHWUDEDOKR In: 0$57,16 ),/+2 ,YHV *DQGUD '(/*$'2 0DXUtFLR *RGLQKR 35$'2 1H\ $5$Ô-2 &DUORV &RRUG A efetividade do direito e do processo do trabalho5LRGH-DQHLUR(OVHYLHUS S

0$57,16),/+2,YHV*DQGUDOp. citS

0$57,16),/+2,YHV*DQGUDOp. citS

*20(62UODQGR*2776&+$/.(OVRQCurso de direito do trabalhoHG5LRGH-DQHLUR)RUHQVH S%$5526$OLFH0RQWHLURGHCurso de direito do trabalhoHG6mR3DXOR/7US


99


3RUILPRTXDUWRSHUtRGRTXHpRGDautonomiaGHDRVQRVVRV GLDV FDUDFWHUL]DVH SHOD FULDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR 2,7 HP$DomRLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHVHQYROYHXPH[FHOHQWHWUDEDOKRGH XQLYHUVDOL]DomR GR 'LUHLWR GR 7UDEDOKR 2 7UDWDGR GH 9HUVDOKHV GH GHVHPSHQKDSDSHOLPSRUWDQWHHPVHXDUWQmRDGPLWHTXHRWUDEDOKRVHMD PHUFDGRULDDVVHJXUDMRUQDGDGHKRUDVLJXDOGDGHGHVDOiULRSDUDWUDEDOKRGH LJXDOYDORUUHSRXVRVHPDQDOLQVSHomRGRWUDEDOKRVDOiULRPtQLPRGLVSHQVD WUDWDPHQWRHVSHFLDODRWUDEDOKRGDPXOKHUHGRPHQRUDOpPGHGLVSRUVREUH GLUHLWRVLQGLFDO1HVVHDQRFRPHoDQD(XURSDD&RQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGR'LUHLWR GR7UDEDOKRFRPD&RQVWLWXLomRDOHPmGH:HLPDU 6HJXQGR7HRGRVLR$3DORPLQRD(QFtFOLFDRerum Novarum influenciou QRWDYHOPHQWHR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHV(VWHGRFXPHQWRVHRFXSRXGDTXHVWmR WUDEDOKDGRUHPSUHJDGRUSUHVFUHYHQGRTXHR´trabalho do obreiro não era uma mercadoria, que os trabalhadores tinham direito à associação, que a jornada laboral máxima seria de (8) oito horas e seu descanso semanal seria obrigatório”'HVVD PDQHLUDR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVUHFRUULDjHVVrQFLDGDRerum Novarum (P VXDV RULJHQV R GHQRPLQDGR &RQVWLWXFLRQDOLVPR 6RFLDO IXQGDPHQWRXVH QRV PDUFRV WHyULFRV PDU[LVWDVRFLDOLVWD H QD GRXWULQD VRFLDOFULVWm$&RQVWLWXLomRGR0p[LFRGHFDOFDGDHPUHODo}HVGH FXQKR ODLFR EDVHRXVH H[SOtFLWD RX LPSOLFLWDPHQWH QD PDWUL] PDU[LVWD $ &RQVWLWXLomR GD 5HS~EOLFD GH :HLPDU GH WHYH H[SOtFLWD RX LPSOLFLWDPHQWHLQVSLUDomRFULVWmQDPDWUL]GDRerum Novarum $&RQVROLGDomRGDV/HLVGR7UDEDOKRQRVVRGLSORPDOHJDOWUDEDOKLVWD GH WDPEpP LQVSLURXVH QRV SULQFtSLRV GD 'RXWULQD 6RFLDO &ULVWm decorrentes da Encíclica Rerum Novarum FRQVLGHUDGD D &DUWD 0DJQD GD -XVWLoD6RFLDO 3$/20,127HRGRVLR$Século XXIGHILQLomRGRVVLQGLFDWRV"7UDGXomR
0$57,16),/+2,YHV*DQGUDOp. cit.S

100



2. As preocupações sobre as condições dos operários 2 DSDUHFLPHQWR GD (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum não é obra de DFLGHQWHPDVGHPDWXULGDGHDWLQJLGDDSyVGLYHUVRVDFRQWHFLPHQWRV $RVQRYHQWDDQRVHP/HmR;,,,URPSHRVLOrQFLRGD,JUHMD $SRVWyOLFD 5RPDQD TXDQWR j 4XHVWmR 6RFLDO HVFUHYHQGR H GLYXOJDQGR D &DUWD (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum VREUH D FRQGLomR GRV RSHUiULRV (VVH WHUUHQR IRL SUHSDUDGR SHOD 8QLmR GH )ULEXUJR VRE D GLUHomR GR &DUGHDO 0HUPLOORG´tendo recebido influência de patrísticos e escolásticos, bem como dos sermões do monsenhor alemão Keteller (1846)” 7UDWDVHGHGRFXPHQWRQRWiYHOGHH[WHQVDHIHFXQGDUHSHUFXVVmR ínspirado em ideias inconciliáveis com o Marxismo” 2XYLXVH HQWmR HP GH PDLR GH D YR] GR 3DSD /HmR ;,,,QD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumFXMRVFHQWRHYLQWH DQRVDJRUD FRPHPRUDPRV 4XDO R DOFDQFH GHVVH GRFXPHQWR SRQWLItFLR" 6HJXQGR +DUROGR9DOODGmRIRLXPD&RQVWLWXLomRSDUDDRUGHPHFRQ{PLFDHVRFLDO GH WRGRV RV (VWDGRV -XULGLFDPHQWH UHSUHVHQWRX á Lei Magna para os indivíduos, para as associações, para os Estados, para a Igreja, em questões de liberdade, de família, de propriedade, de capital e de trabalho” $RWUDWDUGDJrQHVHKLVWyULFDGRSUREOHPDVRFLDO5REHUWR%DUUHWWR 3UDGR OHPEUD TXH D PDJQtILFD WUDGLomR IRUPDGD FRP D (QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumGH/HmR;,,,´soube chamar a atenção do homem moderno para a revisão da estrutura da sociedade contemporânea”1HVVDUHYLVmRGHYHUVHi DVVHJXUDUVHPSUHVHJXQGRHVVHDXWRUFRPRDPSDURQD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD ,JUHMDá liberdade de iniciativa dentro do primado do bem-comum, com todos

&$7+$5,12-RVp0DUWLQVCompêndio de direito do trabalhoHGUHYDWXDODXP6mR3DXOR6DUDLYD YS

&$7+$5,12-RVp0DUWLQVOp. cit.S

9$//$'®2+DUROGR1RQDJpVLPRDQLYHUViULRGD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumGHVXD6DQWLGDGHR3DSD/HmR ;,,,Revista LTr9ROQ-XQKRGH6mR3DXOR/7US S

35$'25REHUWR%DUUHWWRTratado de direito do trabalho6mR3DXOR579S


101


os corolários decorrentes desse princípio fundamental” +LVWRULFDPHQWH VRPHQWH HP FRPR LQVWLWXLomR D LJUHMD &DWyOLFD LQLFLRX XPD SDUWLFLSDomR HIHWLYD H D SDUWLU GDt FRQWLQXDGD ńo acompanhamento das alterações forçadas pela irreversível sociedade industrial”2YHtFXORXWLOL]DGRIRLD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumGR3DSD /HmR ;,,, FRQVLGHUDGR KRMH XP GRV PDUFRV GD HYROXomR XQLYHUVDO GR 'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKRFHQWUDQGRVHQD4XHVWmR6RFLDOHPVHXWRGRé nos grandes problemas despertados pela necessidade de dignificar a condição humana do trabalhador, em particular” $ LPSRUWkQFLD GHVVH GRFXPHQWR ´leitura indispensável ao estudioso do Direito do Trabalhoµ WUDQVSDUHFH QR GHEDWH VREUHWHPDVTXHDOpPGHIXQGDPHQWDLVFRQWLQXDPDWXDLVWDLVFRPRós relativos ao repouso do trabalhador, à retribuição de seu trabalho e à formulação de regras protetoras de sua pessoa”FRQVWLWXLQGRXPFRQMXQWRDSWRDHOHYDU DUHODomRMXUtGLFDGRWUDEDOKRáo nível de dignidade social e espiritual que deve ter como objeto final, em última análise” /HmR;,,,FRVWXPDVHUFKDPDGRÓ Papa ObreiroµSRLVD(QFtFOLFD que escreveu refutou a tradicionalista solução liberal de deixar ao livre jogo GDYRQWDGHDIL[DomRGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRURPSHQGRFRPRSULQFtSLR OLEHUDODILUPDQGRFRPUD]mRTXHHQWUHRGpELOHRIRUWHDOLEHUGDGHRSULPH HDOHLOLEHUWDHTXHHPFRQVHTXrQFLDQmRpSRVVtYHOGHL[DUjYRQWDGHGDV SDUWHVDIL[DomRGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRSRLVRREUHLURSRUVXDQDWXUDO GHELOLGDGHYHUVHLDREULJDGRDDFHLWDUSRUQHFHVVLGDGH´qualquer condição que se lhe oferecesse, ainda que fosse inumana e desatinada, para evitar morrer de fome” (VVD (QFtFOLFD UHIXWRX R VRFLDOLVPR H VXJHULX RV UHPpGLRV TXH

35$'25REHUWR%DUUHWWROp. citS

3,172-RVp$XJXVWR5RGULJXHVTratado de direito material do trabalho6mR3DXOR/7US

3,172-RVp$XJXVWR5RGULJXHVOp. citS



3$/20,127HRGRVLR$El futuro del sindicalismoRevista de Direito do Trabalho$QRQDEULO MXQKR6mR3DXOR57S S

102



QD RSLQLmR GR 9DWLFDQR SRGHULDP VXDYL]DU RX HTXLOLEUDU RV LQWHUHVVHV GDV IRUoDV SURGXWRUDV $Wp HQWmR SDWU}HV H HPSUHJDGRV VH HQFRQWUDYDP IUHQWHDIUHQWHGLYLGLGRVHPGRLVJUXSRVGHVLJXDLVHPLPSRUWkQFLD$PERV HUDP FRQVLGHUDGRV LQLPLJRV $ 'RXWULQD 6RFLDO GD ,JUHMD HVWDEHOHFHX FRPR QHFHVViULR UHWULEXLU FRP XP VDOiULR MXVWR DR WUDEDOKDGRU KRPHQV PXOKHUHVHFULDQoDV)RPHQWRXWDPEpPRGLUHLWRGHDVVRFLDomRPHGLGDV GH SUHYHQomR H RXWUDV UHLYLQGLFDo}HV ODERUDLV 3RU LVVR WXGR D Rerum NovarumpFRQVLGHUDGDá pedra angular da Doutrina Social da Igreja”SRLV SURFXURXDDSOLFDomRGDMXVWLoDQRFDPSRREUHLURSDWURQDOHVHUYLX´para estruturar e confirmar os direitos naturais irrenunciáveis da pessoa humana” %DWL]DGR-RDTXLP3HFFL/HmR;,,,DUFDGRMiGHYLGRSHVRGDLGDGH DYDQoDGDGHXDRPXQGRYHUGDGHLUDFDUWDGHJXLDSDUDVROXomRGRVFRQIOLWRV HQWUH SDWU}HV H HPSUHJDGRV 7RUQDVH LPSRUWDQWH HQWHQGHU R HVStULWR GD pSRFD HP TXH IRL WRUQDGD S~EOLFD D (QFtFOLFD UHFRQKHFHQGR D FRUDJHP H HOHYDGD FRPSUHHQVmR GRV SUREOHPDV VRFLDLV GHPRQVWUDGRV SHOR 3DSD 6RFLDO $ (QFtFOLFD Rerum Novarum UHSUHVHQWRX SRVLomR WRPDGD ćlara, insofismável e irrespondível, que norteou e norteia, ainda, a quantos militam no campo social” (PERUD RXWUDV (QFtFOLFDV VHMDP PXLWR LPSRUWDQWHV FRPR D Quadragesimo AnnoGR3DSD3LR;,GHDMater et MagistraGH e a Pacem in TerrisGHDPEDVGHODYUDGR3DSD-RmR;;,,,EHPFRPR a Populorum ProgressioGR3DSD3DXOR9,ńenhuma delas superou o magistral pronunciamento de Leão XIII, que continua atual e oportuno, como se houvesse sido escrito ontem” &RPDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVTXHKRMHDSUHVHQWDR'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKR LQFUXVWRXVH QDV OHJLVODo}HV GH YiULRV SDtVHV SDVVDQGR D ID]HU SDUWH GH GLYHUVRV WH[WRV FRQVWLWXFLRQDLV ćomo princípio básico da organização

3$/20,127HRGRVLR$Op. citS

3$/20,127HRGRVLR$Op. citS

7(,;(,5$-RmR5pJLV)DVVEHQGHU6,00=HQRTeoria prática do direito do trabalho6mR3DXOR5HYLVWD GRV7ULEXQDLVS

7(,;(,5$-RmR5pJLV)DVVEHQGHU6,00=HQROp. citS


103


dos Estados Modernos” 3DUD LVVR LQIOXHQFLDUDP GH PRGR GHFLVLYR RV PRYLPHQWRV VRFLDOLVWDV H DV (QFtFOLFDV SDSDLV HVSHFLDOPHQWH D Rerum Novarum GH /HmR ;,,, TXH DUUDQFDUDP SDVVR D SDVVR SHOR UHFHLR GH XPDUHYROWDRXSHODLQYRFDomRGRVHQWLPHQWRćoncessões sobre concessões, cristalizadas em leis e em códigos” 6HIRVVHSRVVtYHOVLQWHWL]DURVJUDQGHVWHPDVHPWySLFRVWUDGX]LGRV SHOD(QFtFOLFDRerum Novarum+XJR*XHLURV%HUQDUGHVIDULDDVHJXLQWH VtQWHVHD RUJDQL]DomRGRFDSLWDOLVPRE IXQomRVRFLDOGDSURSULHGDGHF LQWHUYHQomRGR(VWDGRHPIDYRUGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVG QRUPDVGHWUDEDOKR H MXVWRVDOiULRI DVVRFLDomRGHWUDEDOKDGRUHV 4XDQGRVHDQDOLVDTXDORVLJQLILFDGRGRWUDEDOKRVHXFRQFHLWRVXD TXDOLILFDomRMXUtGLFDYHULILFDVHTXHQDFRQFHSomRPRGHUQDDQWHSRQGR VHDRHQWHQGLPHQWRGDVVRFLHGDGHVDQWLJDVHPHGLHYDLVRWUDEDOKR´tem um sentido altamente dignificante” (VVD GLJQLILFDomR D SURSyVLWR UHDOoRXVH na Encíclica Rerum Novarumó trabalho do corpo, pelo testemunho comum da razão e da filosofia cristã, longe de ser um objeto de vergonha, faz honra ao homem, porque lhe fornece um nobre meio de sustentar a sua vida” 2WUDEDOKRFRQVWLWXLVHFRPRVHVDEHHPGLUHLWRQDWXUDOGRKRPHP 0DV WDPEpP SRGH VHU FRQVLGHUDGR XP GHYHU SHVVRDO H XP GHYHU VRFLDO 6HQGRGLUHLWRWHPSRUILQDOLGDGHDFRQVHUYDomRGDYLGD'HVVDIRUPDIDOD VHHPGLUHLWRDRWUDEDOKRRULJLQiULRGRSUySULRGLUHLWRjYLGD(QWUHWDQWR RWUDEDOKRWDPEpPpXPGHYHUVRFLDO9LYHQGRRKRPHPHPVRFLHGDGHD FROHWLYLGDGHQmRGLVSHQVDRVHXWUDEDOKRSDUDDPDQXWHQomRGDH[LVWrQFLD $VVLP R WUDEDOKR UHSUHVHQWD REULJDomR TXH RV VHUHV KXPDQRV SRVVXHP SHUDQWHDSUySULDFROHWLYLGDGH6HQGRRWUDEDOKRXPGLUHLWRR(VWDGRGHYH 586620$120R]DUW9LFWRUO empregado e o empregador no direito brasileiroHGUHYDWXDO6mR 3DXOR/7US

586620$120R]DUW9LFWRUOp. citS

%(51$5'(6+XJR*XHLURVDireito do trabalho6mR3DXOR/7UY,S

%$5$7$6,/9$&$Compêndio de direito do trabalhoHG6mR3DXOR/7US

/(®2;,,,Rerum Novarum&DUWD(QFtFOLFDVREUHDFRQGLomRGRVRSHUiULRV6mR3DXOR3DXOLQDVS LWHPREULJDo}HVGRVRSHUiULRVHGRVSDWU}HV

104



LQWHUYLU SDUD HVWDEHOHFHU DV QRUPDV GHVVH GLUHLWR VHQGR R WUDEDOKR XP GHYHUVRFLDODPHGLGDGHVVHGHYHUGHYHVHUGDGDSHOR(VWDGR &RQIRUPH6HJDGDV9LDQQDDRerum NovarumPDQLIHVWDDGYHUWrQFLDV DVHUHPPHGLWDGDVHOLo}HVTXHMiGHYHULDPWHUVLGRVHJXLGDV$RPHVPR WHPSR TXH FRQGHQD ´D LQIOXrQFLD GD ULTXH]D QDV PmRV GH SHTXHQR Q~PHUR DR ODGR GD LQGLJrQFLD GD PXOWLGmRµ WDPEpP GHQXQFLD D XVXUD YRUD]GHKRPHQViYLGRVGHJDQkQFLDHGHLQVDFLiYHODPELomRµHSURIOLJD RÝHUJRQKRVRHGHVXPDQRXVDUGRVKRPHQVFRPRGHYLVLQVWUXPHQWRVGH lucro” (P XPD VtQWHVH LGHROyJLFD -RVp $MXULFDED GD &RVWD H 6LOYD FRQVLGHURX R 'LUHLWR GR 7UDEDOKR ´FRPR D 'RXWULQD 6RFLDO GD ,JUHMD WUDQVIRUPDGD HP GLUHLWR SRVLWLYRµ 3RLV SDUD HVVH DXWRU DSOLFDQGR D 'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMDFRQFLOLDVH´RFDSLWDOHRWUDEDOKRHPEHQHItFLR QmRVyGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHGRVHPSUHViULRVFRPRGHWRGDDFROHWLYLGDGH TXHWHPHPDPERVRIXQGDPHQWRGRSURJUHVVRµ (VVDSDUWHLQWURGXWyULDFRQVLGHUDQGRDVSUHRFXSDo}HVGD(QFtFOLFD Rerum NovarumVREUHDVFRQGLo}HVGRVRSHUiULRVQRVOHYDDRSDVVRVHJXLQWH DR H[DPH GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH H FRPR HOH VH GLVVHPLQRX QR GLUHLWREUDVLOHLUR 3. O Princípio da Subsidiariedade 2 YRFDEXOiULR VXEVLGLiULR SURYpP GR ODWLP GH subsidiariu, que, RULJLQDOPHQWH VLJQLILFD DTXLOR TXH WHP FDUiWHU GH DMXGD 7UDWDVH GR HOHPHQWR VHFXQGiULR TXH UHIRUoD RXWUR GH PDLRU LPSRUWkQFLD RX SDUD TXH HOH FRQYHUJH $ SDODYUD FDUUHJD VHPSUH R VHQWLGR GH DFHVVyULR GH

%$5$7$6,/9$&$Op. cit.S

9,$11$6HJDGDVet alInstituições de direito do trabalhoHG$WXDOL]DGDSRU$UQDOGR6VVHNLQGH -RmRGH/LPD7HL[HLUD)LOKR6mR3DXOR/7UY,S

6,/9$-RVp$MXULFDEDGD&RVWDHRerum NovarumH'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKRRevista do Tribunal Superior do TrabalhoY6mR3DXOR/7US S

6,/9$0LQLVWUR-RVp$MXULFDEDGD&RVWDHOp. cit.S


105


secundário 2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHpXPSULQFtSLRGHRUJDQL]DomRVRFLDO HSROtWLFD7UDWDVHGHXPSULQFtSLRQRUPDWLYRTXHLQGLFDTXDOpDIXQomR GDDXWRULGDGHEHPFRPRTXDLVVmRRVOLPLWHVSDUDRVHXH[HUFtFLR &RQVLGHUDPVH FRPR HOHPHQWRV SUHFXUVRUHV GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGHDLGHLDGHTXHD pGDQDWXUH]DKXPDQDDEXVFDGHVHXV VHPHOKDQWHVE R(VWDGRpXPDDVVRFLDomRTXHDOpPGHSHUVHJXLUREHP FRPXP JHUD FRQGLo}HV SDUD TXH DV SHVVRDV EXVTXHP DVVRFLDomR FRP RV VHXVVHPHOKDQWHV $SyV UHJLVWUDU D XUJrQFLD GH JDUDQWLU GLUHLWRV FRPR MRUQDGD GH WUDEDOKRGHVFDQVRSURWHomRjVPXOKHUHVHjVFULDQoDVVDOiULRVXILFLHQWH SDUDDVVHJXUDUDVXEVLVWrQFLDGRRSHUiULRViELRHKRQUDGRH[RUWRXR(VWDGR a intervir nas relações sociais3DUDWDQWRFRQVLJQRXD(QFtFOLFDRerum Novarum: >@ R WUDEDOKR WHP XPD WDO SURIXQGLGDGH H WDO HILFiFLD TXH VH SRGH DILUPDU VHP UHFHLR GH HQJDQR TXH HOH p D IRQWH ~QLFD GH RQGH SURFHGH D ULTXH]D GDV QDo}HV $ HTXLGDGHPDQGDSRLVTXHR(VWDGRVHSUHRFXSHFRPRV WUDEDOKDGRUHVHSURFHGDGHPRGRTXHWRGRVRVEHQVTXH HOHV SURSRUFLRQDP j VRFLHGDGH OKH VHMD GDGD XPD SDUWH UD]RiYHO FRPR KDELOLWDomR H YHVWXiULR H TXH SRVVDP YLYHU j FXVWD GH PHQRV WUDEDOKR H SULYDo}HV 'H RQGH resulta que o Estado deve favorecer tudo o que, direta ou LQGLUHWDPHQWHSRVVDFRQWULEXLUSDUDPHOKRUDUOKHVDVRUWH 6,/9$ 'DQLHOD 5RPDQHOOL GD 3ULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH In %$55(772 9LFHQWH GH 3DXOR &RRUG Dicionário de filosofia do direito6mR/HRSROGR56(GLWRUD81,6,1265LRGH-DQHLUR5-(GLWRUD5HQRYDU S

6,/9$'DQLHOD5RPDQHOOLGDOp. cit.S


%,$9$6&+,0DJGD%DUURVO direito do trabalho no Brasil 1930-1942: a construção do sujeito de direitos WUDEDOKLVWDV6mR3DXOR/7U-XWUD$VVRFLDomR/XVR%UDVLOHLUDGH-XULVWDVGR7UDEDOKRS

106



/DQoDSRUWDQWRD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumRXWURVLPSRUWDQWHV HOHPHQWRV SDUD D IRUPXODomR GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH 7HQGR FRQVWDWDGRRJUDQGHDF~PXORGHULTXH]DQDVPmRVGHSRXFRVHDH[LVWrQFLD GH XPD PXOWLGmR GHVWLWXtGD GH UHFXUVRV PDWHULDLV DQXQFLD /HmR ;,,, FRPSHWLUDR(VWDGR´WRPDUWRGDVDVPHGLGDVQHFHVViULDVSDUDVDOYDJXDUGDU RV LQWHUHVVHV GHVVD PXOWLGmRµ 2V SRGHUHV S~EOLFRV GHYHULDP YHODU SHOR EHPFRPXPRTXHVLJQLILFDYDQDTXHOHPRPHQWR ,QFHQWLYDU D LQWHUYHQomR GR (VWDGR QD HFRQRPLD SDUD TXH DTXHOD PDVVD GH GHVWLWXtGRV TXH SDVVRX D SRYRDU RV YiULRV SDtVHV SXGHVVH FRQWDU FRP SDUWH GRV EHQV SURGX]LGRVSHODVRFLHGDGH (PSRUWDQWRFHQWRHGH]RLWR DQRVDSyVRODQoDPHQWR da Encíclica Rerum Novarum QRYDPHQWH D ,JUHMD &DWyOLFD SUHRFXSDVH FRPRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHDRHQXQFLDU 2 SULQFtSLR GH VXEVLGLDULHGDGH Ki GH VHU PDQWLGR HVWULWDPHQWH OLJDGR FRP R SULQFtSLR GH VROLGDULHGDGH H YLFHYHUVDSRUTXHVHDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHVHPDVROLGDULHGDGH GHFDL QR SDUWLFXODULVPR VRFLDO D VROLGDULHGDGH VHP D VXEVLGLDULHGDGHGHFDLQRDVVLVWHQFLDOLVPRTXHKXPLOKDR sujeito necessitado 3DUD HVVD (QFtFOLFD R SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH H[SUHVVD D ´LQDOLHQiYHO OLEHUGDGH KXPDQDµ FRQVWLWXLQGR ´XPD DMXGD j SHVVRD QD DXWRQRPLDGRVFRUSRVLQWHUPHGLiULRVµ(VVDDMXGDGHYHVHURIHUHFLGD



%(172;9,Carta Encíclica Caritas in VeritateGR6XPR3RQWtILFH%HQWR;9,DRV%LVSRV3UHVEtWHURVH 'LiFRQRVjVSHVVRDVFRQVDJUDGDVDRVILHLVOHLJRVHDWRGRVRVKRPHQVGHERDYRQWDGHVREUHRGHVHQYROYLPHQWR KXPDQRLQWHJUDOQDFDULGDGHHQDYHUGDGH6mR3DXOR3DXOLQDVS


107


>@TXDQGRDSHVVRDHRVVXMHLWRVVRFLDLVQmRFRQVHJXHP RSHUDU SRU VL VyV H LPSOLFD VHPSUH ILQDOLGDGHV HPDQFLSDWLYDV SRUTXH IDYRUHFH D OLEHUGDGH H D SDUWLFLSDomRHQTXDQWRDVVXQomRGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV$ VXEVLGLDULHGDGHUHVSHLWDDGLJQLGDGHGDSHVVRDQDTXDO YrXPVXMHLWRVHPSUHFDSD]GHGDUDOJRDRVRXWURV$R UHFRQKHFHU QD UHFLSURFLGDGH D FRQVWLWXLomR tQWLPD GR VHU KXPDQR D VXEVLGLDULHGDGH p R DQWtGRWR PDLV HILFD] FRQWUDWRGDIRUPDGHDVVLVWHQFLDOLVPRSDWHUQDOLVWD 2 3DSD %HQWR ;9, LQFOXVLYH FRQVLGHUDR XP SULQFtSLR SDUWLFXODUPHQWH LG{QHR SDUD JRYHUQDU D JOREDOL]DomR H ´RULHQWiOD SDUD XP YHUGDGHLUR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR KXPDQRµ 3URS}H TXH R JRYHUQR GD JOREDOL]DomR VHMD GR WLSR VXEVLGLiULR SDUD QmR ´JHUDU XP SHULJRVR SRGHU XQLYHUVDO GH WLSR PRQRFUiWLFRµ VHQGR DUWLFXODGR VHJXQGR YiULRV H GLIHUHQFLDGRV QtYHLV TXH FRODERUHP UHFLSURFDPHQWH 5HFRQKHFH TXH D JOREDOL]DomRQHFHVVLWDGHDXWRULGDGHXPDYH]TXHWHPRSUREOHPDGHXP EHP FRPXP JOREDO D DOFDQoDU PDV UHVVDOWD TXH WDO DXWRULGDGH ´GHYHUi VHU RUJDQL]DGD GH PRGR VXEVLGLiULR H SROLiUTXLFR VHMD SDUD QmR OHVDU D OLEHUGDGHVHMDSDUDUHVXOWDUFRQFUHWDPHQWHHILFD]µ 1mRKiTXDOTXHUG~YLGDTXHD(QFtFOLFDRerum NovarumWURX[HHP VHXERMRDLGHLDFHQWUDOGRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHPDVQmRRHQXQFLRX IRUPDOPHQWH 6RPHQWH HP DR FHOHEUDU RV TXDUHQWD DQRV GHVVD (QFtFOLFDR3DSD3LR UHDOoDH[SUHVVDPHQWHRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGH na Encíclica Quadragesimo Anno 3RU HVVH SULQFtSLR GHYHVH UHVSHLWDU D OLEHUGDGH H SURWHJHU D YLWDOLGDGH GRV FRUSRV VRFLDLV LQWHUPHGLiULRV SRU H[HPSOR D IDPtOLD JUXSRV DVVRFLDo}HV HQWLGDGHV FXOWXUDLV HFRQ{PLFDV 21*·VHRXWUDVTXHVmRIRUPDGDVHVSRQWDQHDPHQWHQRVHLRGDVRFLHGDGH

%(172;9,Op. cit.S

%(172;9,Op. cit.S


108



'HVVHPRGRSRUHVVHSULQFtSLR´QmRGHYHR(VWDGRLQWHUIHULUQRFRUSRVRFLDO H QD VRFLHGDGH FLYLO DOpP GR QHFHVViULRµ 3RU RXWUR ODGR GHYH R (VWDGR H[HUFHUDWLYLGDGHVXSOHWLYD´TXDQGRRFRUSRVRFLDOSRUVLQmRFRQVHJXH RX QmR WHP PHLRV GH SURPRYHU GHWHUPLQDGD DWLYLGDGH FRPR WDPEpP GHYHR(VWDGRLQWHUYLUSDUDHYLWDUVLWXDo}HVGHGHVHTXLOtEULRHGHLQMXVWLoD social” 5HSHWH HP QD (QFtFOLFD Mater et Magistra R 3DSD -RmR ;;,,,RSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHDILUPDQGRTXHDSUHVHQoDGR(VWDGR QRGRPtQLRHFRQ{PLFRSRUPDLRUTXHVHMDQmRWHPRVHQWLGRGHGLPLQXLU FDGD YH] PDLV D HVIHUD GH OLEHUGDGH QD LQLFLDWLYD SHVVRDO GRV LQGLYtGXRV PDVDRFRQWUiULRGHVWLQDVH´DJDUDQWLUDHVVDHVIHUDDPDLRUDPSOLWXGH SRVVtYHODRWXWHODURVLQWHUHVVHVGDTXHOHVTXHQHFHVVLWDPµ 3RUWDQWRHQWUHRVJUDQGHVSULQFtSLRVGD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMD HQFRQWUDVH R SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH SHOR TXDO ´DV LQVWkQFLDV VXSHULRUHVGHSRGHUQmRVHGHYHPDWULEXLURGHVHPSHQKRQDTXLORTXHDV LQVWkQFLDV LQIHULRUHV SRGHP PHOKRU UHDOL]DUµ &RQVLGHUD HVVH SULQFtSLR FRPR VHQGR R GHYHU GDV LQVWkQFLDV VXSHULRUHV DSHQDV VXSOHWLYR ´GH FRRUGHQDomR H SURPRomR GD LQLFLDWLYD H GD FULDWLYLGDGH GDV LQVWkQFLDV LQIHULRUHVµ7UDWDVHGHXPSULQFtSLRTXHRULJLQRXDYLWDOLGDGHGHXPQ~PHUR LPHQVR GH LQVWLWXLo}HV PRYLPHQWRV H LQLFLDWLYDV ´TXH VmR D H[SUHVVmR GD PDWXULGDGH GHPRFUiWLFD OLEHUWD GR SDWHUQDOLVPR HVWDWDOµ 3RU RXWUR ODGR p XP SULQFtSLR RIHUHFHGRU GH FULWpULRV SDUD GLVFHUQLU QD YDULHGDGH GDV FRQMHFWXUDV ´D VROXomR GH SUREOHPDV WDLV FRPR D FHQWUDOL]DomR H GHVFHQWUDOL]DomRQDFLRQDOL]DomRHSULYDWL]DomRµ 1R ~OWLPR TXDUWHO GR VpFXOR FRQVDJURXVH GHILQLWLYDPHQWH QR 'LUHLWR &RQVWLWXFLRQDO R SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH GR (VWDGR Doutrina Social da Igreja 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWSSWZLNLSHGLDRUJZLNL'RXWULQDB6RFLDOBGDB,JUHMD! $FHVVRHP


É9,/$6-3H)HUQDQGR%DVWRVA doutrina social da igreja'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFQORUJEUSXE SXEOLFDFRHVIFDDIFIGEHDFHHEGRF!$FHVVRHP

É9,/$6-3H)HUQDQGR%DVWRVOp. cit

É9,/$6-3H)HUQDQGR%DVWRVOp. cit


109


FRQWUDSRQGRVHjH[DJHUDGDLQWHUYHQomRGR(VWDGRQRGRPtQLRHFRQ{PLFR HjRSUHVVmRSRUHOHH[HUFLGD´VREUHRVDJHQWHVHFRQ{PLFRVHDVRFLHGDGH HPJHUDODILPGHUHVJXDUGDUHSURSRUFLRQDUDHILFiFLDSOHQDGRVGLUHLWRV IXQGDPHQWDLVGRKRPHPREMHWLYDQGRDUHDOL]DomRGREHPHVWDUVRFLDOµ (VVHSULQFtSLRGHVWLQDVHDUHGLUHFLRQDURSDSHOHDIXQomRGR(VWDGR´QR VHQWLGRGHLJXDOL]DUDVUHODo}HVMXUtGLFRHFRQ{PLFDVHFRUULJLUDVGLVWRUo}HV YHULILFDGDVQDIRUPXODomRGDVSROtWLFDVHFRQ{PLFDVµ $ IRUPXODomR GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH QR FRQWH[WR GD RUGHPHFRQ{PLFDGHFRUUHGDHYROXomRGDVSURSRVWDVSURFODPDGDVDWUDYpV das Encíclicas: Rerum NovarumGH/HmR;,,,Quadragesimo AnnoGH3LR ;,Mater et MagistraGH-RmR;;,,,HILQDOPHQWHGDCentesimus Annus, GH-RmR3DXOR,, $ (QFtFOLFD Quadragesimo Anno PHQFLRQD TXH Vy DV JUDQGHV VRFLHGDGHV SRGHP OHYDU D HIHLWR R TXH DQWHV SRGLDP DWp PHVPR DV SHTXHQDV ( TXH p LQMXVWR VXEWUDLU DRV LQGLYtGXRV R TXH HOHV SRGHP HIHWLYDUFRPDSUySULDLQLFLDWLYDHLQG~VWULDSDUDFRQIHULORjFROHWLYLGDGH $VVLPWDPEpPSDVVDUSDUDXPDVRFLHGDGHPDLRUHPDLVHOHYDGDRTXH VRFLHGDGHVPHQRUHVHLQIHULRUHVSRGHPFRQVHJXLUFRQVWLWXLLQMXVWLoDXP JUDYDGDQRHSHUWXUEDomRGDERDRUGHPVRFLDO3RULVVRRILPQDWXUDOGD VRFLHGDGH H GH VXD DomR p FRDGMXYDU RV VHXV PHPEURV QmR GHVWUXtORV QHPDEVRUYrORV $ LGHLD GR (VWDGR 6XEVLGLiULR VHJXQGR 0DULD 6\OYLD =DQHOOD 'L3LHWUR LQVSLUDVH QD JOREDOL]DomR H QD FKDPDGD 5HIRUPD GR (VWDGR EDVHDQGRVH IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH QR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH IRUPXODGRSHOD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMDDSDUWLUGHILQVGRVpFXOR;,; H TXH DJRUD ´DVVXPH LPSRUWkQFLD IXQGDPHQWDO QD GHILQLomR GR SDSHO GR 0$548(6&DUORV+HQULTXHGH0DJDOKmHV$RUGHPHFRQ{PLFDHRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHAgenda PMRAF1~PHURMDQHLURGH'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZSPUDGYFRPEUQRYRVLWHQRWLFLDV,QWHUQR DVS["FRGLJR !$FHVVRHP

0$548(6&DUORV+HQULTXHGH0DJDOKmHV Op. cit



110



Estado”(VVHSULQFtSLRFRPSDFWDGXDVLGHLDVIXQGDPHQWDLVVHJXQGRHVVD DXWRUDGHXPODGRDGHTXHR(VWDGRGHYHUHVSHLWDURVGLUHLWRVLQGLYLGXDLV SHORUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHTXHDLQLFLDWLYDSULYDGDVHMDDWUDYpVGRVLQGLYtGXRV VHMD DWUDYpV GDV DVVRFLDo}HV WHP SULPD]LD VREUH D LQLFLDWLYD HVWDWDO HP FRQVRQkQFLDFRPHVVDLGHLDR(VWDGRGHYHDEVWHUVHGHH[HUFHUDWLYLGDGHV TXH R SDUWLFXODU WHP FRQGLo}HV GH H[HUFHU SRU VXD SUySULD LQLFLDWLYD H FRP VHXV SUySULRV UHFXUVRV HP FRQVHTXrQFLD R SULQFtSLR LPSOLFD XPD OLPLWDomRjLQWHUYHQomRHVWDWDO'HRXWURODGR´DLGHLDGHTXHR(VWDGR GHYH IRPHQWDU FRRUGHQDU ILVFDOL]DU D LQLFLDWLYD SULYDGD GH WDO PRGR D SHUPLWLUDRVSDUWLFXODUHVVHPSUHTXHSRVVtYHORVXFHVVRQDFRQGHQDomRGH VHXVHPSUHHQGLPHQWRVµ 5HIHUH D DXWRUD DLQGD TXH HP FRQVRQkQFLD FRP HVVH SULQFtSLR YiULDV PHGLGDV YrP VHQGR DGRWDGDV FRPR D SULYDWL]DomR GH HPSUHVDV HVWDWDLVDYROWDGRLQVWLWXWRGDFRQFHVVmRGHVHUYLoRS~EOLFRSDUDGHOHJDU D H[HFXomR GH VHUYLoRV S~EOLFRV FRPHUFLDLV H LQGXVWULDLV GR (VWDGR D SDUWLFXODUHVDDPSOLDomRGDDWLYLGDGHGHIRPHQWRDHQWLGDGHVSDUWLFXODUHV TXHGHVHPSHQKHPDWLYLGDGHVGHLQWHUHVVHS~EOLFRDGHVUHJXODPHQWDomR SHODTXDOVHEXVFDHVWDEHOHFHUQRYRHTXLOtEULRHQWUHOLEHUGDGHHDXWRULGDGH D GLPLQXLomR GR DSDUHOKDPHQWR DGPLQLVWUDWLYR PHGLDQWH D H[WLQomR GH HQWLGDGHV GD DGPLQLVWUDomR LQGLUHWD H GH yUJmRV S~EOLFRV EHP FRPR D GLPLQXLomRGRTXDGURGHVHUYLGRUHVS~EOLFRV 2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHQRHQWDQWR´QmRGHYHVHUHQWHQGLGR FRPR OLPLWH GH DWXDomR GR (VWDGR PDV FRPR HVSHFLILFDomR GD QDWXUH]D dessa intervenção” 6HJXQGR -RVp $OIUHGR GH 2OLYHLUD %DUDFKR R SULQFtSLR GD ',3,(752 0DULD 6\OYLD =DQHOOD DQRV GH 'LUHLWR $GPLQLVWUDWLYR %UDVLOHLUR Revista Eletrônica de Direito do Estado6DOYDGRU,QVWLWXWRGH'LUHLWR3~EOLFRGD%DKLDQMDQIHYPDU'LVSRQtYHOHP KWWSZZZGLUHLWRGRHVWDGRFRPEU!$FHVVRHP

',3,(7520DULD6\OYLD=DQHOODOp. cit

',3,(7520DULD6\OYLD=DQHOODOp. cit

%$5526-~OLD3UHVWHV&KXIIL2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHHR(VWDGRJus Navigandi7HUHVLQDDQRQ GH]'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSMXVFRPEUUHYLVWDWH[WR!$FHVVRHP


111


VXEVLGLDULHGDGHSRGHVHUHQWHQGLGRVHJXQGRGXDVLQWHUSUHWDo}HVLGHLDGR TXHpVHFXQGiULRSHORTXHVHWUDWDGDTXDOLGDGHGRTXHpVHFXQGiULRLGHLD GHVXSOHWLYLGDGHDEVRUYHQGRGRLVVLJQLILFDGRVD FRPSOHPHQWDULHGDGHp RTXHVHLQWHJUDTXHVHFRPSOHPHQWDRXTXHVHFRPSOHWD&RPRH[HPSOR SRGH KDYHU FRQYLYrQFLD HQWUH R GLUHLWR S~EOLFR H R SULYDGR VHQGR TXH DVUHJUDVGHXPFRPSOHPHQWDPDVGRRXWURE VXSOHPHQWDULHGDGHpR TXHVHDFUHVFHQWDDPSOLDRXTXHpDGLFLRQDO&RPRH[HPSORDTXHVWmR VXEVLGLiULDpGHVWLQDGDVXSOHPHQWDUPHQWHSDUDGHVHPSDWDUFRQFRUUHQWHV 1DTXHVWmRVXEVLGLiULDRFRUUHHLGHLDGHGHFLGLU 2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHDFRQVHOKDVHPSUHDQmRHVWDWL]DU VHRVHUYLoRHPSUHVDULDOSRGHVHUSUHVWDGRLGRQHDPHQWHSRUSDUWLFXODUHV 0DV LVVR QmR TXHU GL]HU (VWDGR PtQLPR 3HOR SUySULR VHQWLGR FRQFHLWXDO GRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHpSRVVtYHOFRPSUHHQGHUTXHDDXWRULGDGH VyGHYHID]HURTXHIRUSUHFLVRSDUDDOFDQoDUREHPFRPXPPDVVRPHQWH DTXLORTXHRVSDUWLFXODUHVQmRVDEHPQmRTXHUHPRXQmRSRVVDPID]HUSRU VLPHVPRV $UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHGR(VWDGRVHJXQGRD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMD VHULD VXEVLGLDU DV IRUPDV LQIHULRUHV GH RUJDQL]DomR VRFLDO RX ID]HU DSHQDV DTXLORTXHXPJUXSRLQIHULRUVHPDVXDDVVLVWrQFLDQmRWHPFRQGLo}HVGH UHDOL]DU SRU FRQWD SUySULD 'HVVH PRGR D VXEVLGLDULHGDGH DILUPD R YDORU GDGLYHUVLGDGHGHQWURGDVRFLHGDGH1DVFHPDVVLPUHVSRVWDVFULDWLYDVH RULJLQDLV&RPRVHSRGHVDOLHQWDUTXHPJHUHQFLDRVSRGHUHVGR(VWDGRQmR SRGHSODQHMDURVXUJLPHQWRGHVXMHLWRVRXPRYLPHQWRVSRSXODUHVFDSD]HV GH JHUDU UHVSRVWDV jV QHFHVVLGDGHV GD FROHWLYLGDGH 3RU LVVR D DSOLFDomR GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH FRQWULEXL SDUD TXH VH PDQWHQKDP YLYDV todas as identidades culturais e cresça a cultura da solidariedade no seio GRSRYR %$5$&+2-RVp$OIUHGRGH2OLYHLUDPrincípio da subsidiariedade%HOR+RUL]RQWH0RYLPHQWR(GLWRULDOGD )DFXOGDGHGH'LUHLWRGD8)0*1RYD)DVH S

%$5$&+2-RVp$OIUHGRGH2OLYHLUDOp. cit.S

9$/(17,1, 9DQGR O que é subsidiariedade 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWSZZZSXFVSEUIHFXOWXUDWH[WRV SHVVRDBVRFLHGDGHBVXEVLGLDULHGDGHKWPO!$FHVVRHP

112



1mRpRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHFRQWXGRHVWDQTXH$SOLFD VH D WRGRV RV GRPtQLRV GD YLGD VRFLDO HP TXH ´H[LVWH GLVWULEXLomR GH FRPSHWrQFLDVµ (PSUHJDVH HP GLIHUHQWHV UDPRV GR GLUHLWR H VHUYH D GLIHUHQWHV ILQDOLGDGHV 3RGHVH H[HPSOLILFDU FRP R IHGHUDOLVPR XWLOL]DGR HPSDtVHVFRPRRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVHD6XtoD(VVHVGRLVSDtVHVQDVFHUDP HP GHFRUUrQFLD GH DFRUGR HQWUH XQLGDGHV TXH HUDP DXW{QRPDV H TXH GHFLGLUDPXQLUVHSDUDIRUPDUXP(VWDGRVREHUDQR(VWmRDtGRLVPRGHORV GHDSOLFDomRFRQFUHWDGRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGH *DQKRXQRWRULHGDGHWDPEpPHVVHSULQFtSLRGHVGHTXDQGR QRSURFHVVRGHFRQVWUXomRGD8QLmR(XURSpLDUHFHEHPH[SUHVVDUHIHUrQFLD QR3UHkPEXORGR7UDWDGRGH0DDVWULFKHHPVHXDUWLJR%(VVHGLVSRVLWLYR UHJLVWUDTXHRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHUHIHUHVHDSHQDVjVFRPSHWrQFLDV FRQFRUUHQWHV´GHPRGRTXHD&RPXQLGDGH(XURSpLDSRGHUiLQWHUYLUDSHQDV HP FDVR GH DomR LQVXILFLHQWH GRV (VWDGRVPHPEURV H VRE D FRQGLomR GD DWXDomRFRPXQLWiULDVHUPDLVHILFD] &RQIRUPH OHFLRQD - - *RPHV &DQRWLOKR DWUiV GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGHSDUHFHHVWDUD DLGHLDGHIUHLRHEDODQoRUHODWLYDPHQWHDXP FUHVFHQWHFHQWUDOLVPRHXURSHXE DLGHLDGHUHJLRQDOL]DUPDLVIRUWHPHQWH RVSURFHVVRVGHGHFLVmRFRPXQLWiULDF DLGHLDGHHQFRQWUDUGHFLV}HVRPDLV SRVVtYHOSUy[LPDVGRVFLGDGmRVGHPRFUDFLDGDSUR[LPLGDGH 7DPEpPQmR pDOKHLDDRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHDLGHLDGHSOXUDOLVPRHGLIHUHQoDV FXOWXUDLV H KLVWyULFDV GRV (VWDGRVPHPEURV EHP FRPR GDV UHVSHFWLYDV GLPHQV}HVWHUULWRULDLV 2 SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH QD 8QLmR (XURSpLD DQXQFLD VH DR PHVPR WHPSR FRPR FULWpULR GH RULHQWDomR SRVLWLYR SDUD DV QRYDV FRPSHWrQFLDVHFRPRSURWHomRFRQWUDDVSUHFLSLWDo}HVGRSRGHUFHQWUDO 7HQGRHPYLVWDDVQHFHVVLGDGHVFRQFUHWDVDDomRVXEVLGLiULDGD&RPXQLGDGH




&$127,/+2--*RPHVDireito constitucional e teoria da constituiçãoHG&RLPEUD$OPHGLQD S


113


(XURSpLD QmR VH DILUPD DSHQDV VRE IRUPDV P~OWLSODV GH FRRSHUDomR RX FRRUGHQDomR HVIRUoRV GRV (VWDGRVPHPEURV &RPR H[SOLFD 'XVDQ 'LJMDQVNLVmRPXLWRVRVH[HPSORV D SROtWLFD UHJLRQDO D SURWHomR GR PHLR DPELHQWH EHP FRPR WRGD XPD VpULH GH QRYDV DWLYLGDGHV FRPXQLWiULDV HP GRPtQLRV FRPR D VD~GH S~EOLFD D SURWHomR DRV FRQVXPLGRUHV QXP PHVPR HVStULWR PDV QXP FRQWH[WRGLIHUHQWHRVFRQWULEXWRVVXEVLGLiULRVGD8QLmR EDOL]DP DV LQLFLDWLYDV FRPXQLWiULDV GH SROtWLFD H[WHUQD H GH VHJXUDQoD FRPXP EHP FRPR D FRRSHUDomR QRV GRPtQLRVGDMXVWLoD 6HJXQGR 'XVDQ 6LGMDQVNL ´R VHJUHGR SDUD XPD PHOKRU GLVWULEXLomRGDVFRPSHWrQFLDVGD8QLmRFRQVLVWHQXPDPHOKRUDSOLFDomR GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH ´WHQGR HP FRQWD D QHFHVVLGDGH GH DGDSWDomR D FLUFXQVWkQFLDV H SULRULGDGHV TXH HYROXHP D XP ULWPR DFHOHUDGR $V GLVWULEXLo}HV UtJLGDV QmR FRUUHVSRQGHP j GLQkPLFD GR PXQGRUHDOµ 2 SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH SRUWDQWR HP UD]mR GH VXD IOH[LELOLGDGH WDQWR SRGH VHU XP LQVWUXPHQWR ´SDUD FRQWHU R SURJUHVVR GRSURFHVVRGHLQWHJUDomRTXDQWRSDUDOHJLWLPDURGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGDV FRPSHWrQFLDVGD&RPXQLGDGHµ ,QYRFDVHWDPEpPHVVHSULQFtSLRSDUDFRPSUHHQGHUDQDWXUH]DHD IXQomRGR'LUHLWR3HQDO1HVVDGLVFLSOLQDWDPEpPVHGHQRPLQDRSULQFtSLR GH LQWHUYHQomR PtQLPD RX ultima ratio 3RU HVVH SULQFtSLR D IXQomR GR 'LUHLWR 3HQDO p UHIRUoDU D SURWHomR GDTXHOHV ´LQWHUHVVHV FRQVLGHUDGRV %$5526-~OLD3UHVWHV&KXIIL2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHHR(VWDGRJus Navigandi7HUHVLQDDQR QGH]'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSMXVFRPEUUHYLVWDWH[WR!$FHVVRHP

6,'-$16.,'XVDQO futuro federalista da Europa/LVERD*UDGLYD

6,'-$16.,'XVDQOp. cit.S


114



SDUWLFXODUPHQWH LPSRUWDQWHV SDUD DV SHVVRDV H SDUD D PDQXWHQomR GD sociedade”$SOLFDVHDVVLPR'LUHLWR3HQDOFRPRRUHFXUVRPDLVJUDYH H[LVWHQWHQRRUGHQDPHQWRMXUtGLFR´DSHQDVTXDQGRIUDFDVVDUDPWRGDVDV GHPDLVIRUPDVGHVDQomRSUHYLVWDVHPRXWURVUDPRVGR'LUHLWRµ (QFHUUDVH DTXL HVWH LWHP DILUPDQGRVH TXH GR SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGHFHUWDPHQWHDLQGDHPDQDUmRPXLWRVHVWXGRVPDVVHPSUH FRP D LGHLD FHUWD VHP G~YLGD GD FRQWULEXLomR TXH UHFHEHX SDUD VXD conceituação jurídica da Encíclica Rerum Novarum 4. Considerações Finais 3RGHPRVKRMHFRQVLGHUDUR'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKRFRPRD'RXWULQD 6RFLDOGD,JUHMDWUDQVIRUPDGDHPGLUHLWRSRVLWLYRFRQVWLWXLQGRR'LUHLWR GR3UHVHQWHSRLV´FRQFLOLDRFDSLWDOHRWUDEDOKRHPEHQHItFLRQmRVyGRV WUDEDOKDGRUHVHGRVHPSUHViULRVFRPRGHWRGDDFROHWLYLGDGHTXHWHPHP DPERVRIXQGDPHQWRGRSURJUHVVRµ $SDUHQWHPHQWH R SULQFtSLR GD VXEVLGLDULHGDGH TXH WHP QD Encíclica Rerum NovarumLPSRUWDQWHVIXQGDPHQWRVHQFHUUDXPSDUDGR[R ,VVRSRUTXHSULPHLUDPHQWH´HVWLPXODDH[LVWrQFLDGHDOJXPDLQWHUYHQomR GR(VWDGRQRGRPtQLRHFRQ{PLFRµ&RQVLGHUDVHUHVVDDIRUPDGHHYLWDU D HQRUPH FRQFHQWUDomR GDV ULTXH]DV QDV PmRV GH XP SHTXHQR JUXSR ´VXEWUDLQGRGHJUDQGHSDUFHODGDSRSXODomRDOLEHUGDGHSDUDSHUVHJXLUHP RVVHXVSUySULRVILQVµ(PVHJXQGROXJDUDRPHVPRWHPSRHVVHSULQFtSLR MXVWLILFD´DQHJDomRGHXPDH[FHVVLYDLQWHUYHQomRGR(VWDGRYLVWRTXHLVVR VXSULPHDOLEHUGDGHGHDVVRFLDomRµ&RQWUDS}HVHSRUWDQWRRSULQFtSLR



6,/9$-RVp$MXULFDEDGD&RVWDHRerum NovarumH'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKRRevista do Tribunal Superior do TrabalhoY6mR3DXOR/7US S





115


´WDQWRDR(VWDGRPtQLPRTXDQGRDR(VWDGRLQWHUYHQFLRQLVWDµFULDQGRXPD HVSpFLHGHWHUFHLUDYLDLGHROyJLFD $QWH HVVD SRQGHUDomR WRUQDVH SRVVtYHO DILUPDU FRPR R IH] R 0LQLVWUR -RVp $MXULFDED GD &RVWD H 6LOYD ÍDFH DR LQVXFHVVR WDQWR GR FDSLWDOLVPRSXURFRPRGRVRFLDOLVPRPDU[LVWDD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMD DSDUHFHDWXDOPHQWHFRPRRFDPLQKRDVHUWULOKDGRSHODKXPDQLGDGHµ 2VHOHPHQWRVWUD]LGRVQHVWHHVWXGRGHRUGHPKLVWyULFDVRFLROyJLFD MXUtGLFD SRGHUmR VHUYLU TXHP VDEH" SDUD XPD UHIOH[mR SURIXQGD GD Encíclica Rerum Novarum FRPR IRQWH GH SULQFtSLRV MXUtGLFRV DSyV FHQWRHYLQWH DQRVGHVXDHGLomR &RPR VH SRGH YHU H[LVWHP PXLWRV H LPSRUWDQWHV DUJXPHQWRV MXUtGLFRVSDUDDXWLOL]DomRGRSULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHTXHHVWiFKHLR GHYLWDOLGDGHFRPRRDSRLRDLQGDUHFHQWHGD'RXWULQD6RFLDOGD,JUHMD SRURXWURkQJXORRGDJOREDOL]DomR $UHOHLWXUDGRSULQFtSLRQRPRPHQWRHPTXHVHFRPHPRUDPDLV XP DQLYHUViULR GD Rerum Novarum VHUYH SDUD FKDPDU DWHQomR D HVVH GRFXPHQWRTXHFRQWLQXDHPWDQWRVDVSHFWRVH[WUHPDPHQWHDWXDO 5. Referências É9,/$6-3H)HUQDQGR%DVWRVA doutrina social da igreja'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWSZZZFQORUJEUSXESXEOLFDFRHVIFDDIFIGEHD FHHEGRF!$FHVVRHPDEU %$5$&+2-RVp$OIUHGRGH2OLYHLUDPrincípio da subsidiariedade%HOR +RUL]RQWH 0RYLPHQWR (GLWRULDO GD )DFXOGDGH GH 'LUHLWR GD 8)0* 1RYD)DVH S %$5$7$6,/9$&$Compêndio de direito do trabalhoHG6mR 3DXOR/7U

6,/9$-RVp$MXULFDEDGD&RVWDHOp. cit.S

116



%$5526 $OLFH 0RQWHLUR GH Curso de direito do trabalho HG UHY DPSO6mR3DXOR/7U %$5526-~OLD3UHVWHV&KXIIL2SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHHR(VWDGR Jus Navigandi7HUHVLQDDQRQGH]'LVSRQtYHOHP KWWSMXVFRPEUUHYLVWDWH[WR!$FHVVRHP %(172 ;9, Carta Encíclica Caritas in Veritate 6mR 3DXOR 3DXOLQDV %(51$5'(6+XJR*XHLURVDireito do Trabalho6mR3DXOR/7UY, %,$9$6&+,0DJGD%DUURVO Direito do Trabalho no Brasil - 19301942DFRQVWUXomRGRVXMHLWRGHGLUHLWRVWUDEDOKLVWDV6mR3DXOR/7U ,QWUD$VVRFLDomR/XVR%UDVLOHLUDGH-XULVWDVGR7UDEDOKR %,77$5 (GXDUGR &% $/0(,'$ *XLOKHUPH $VVLV GH Curso de filosofia do direito6mR3DXOR$WODVS %5$1&2*HUVRQ/XL]&DUORVFunção social dos contratosLQWHUSUHWDomR jOX]GR&yGLJR&LYLO6mR3DXOR6DUDLYD &$127,/+2--*RPHVDireito constitucional e teoria da constituição HG&RLPEUD$OPHGLQDS &$7+$5,12-RVp0DUWLQVCompêndio de direito do trabalhoHG UHYDWXDOHDXP6mR3DXOR6DUDLYDY, &$59$/+2-RVp4XLQWHOODGH$IXQomRVRFLDOGRFRQWUDWRHR'LUHLWRGR 7UDEDOKRIn/$*((PHUVRQ-RVp$OYHV/23(60{QLFD6HWWH2UJ Novo Código Civil e seus desdobramentos no direito do trabalho 6mR3DXOR/75S


117


&287,1+2 $OGDF\ 5DFKLG )XQomR 6RFLDO GR FRQWUDWR LQGLYLGXDO GH WUDEDOKR In &287,1+2 $OGDF\ 5DFKLG '$//(*5$9( 1(72 -RVp$IIRQVR*817+(5/XL](GXDUGR&RRUG Transformações do direito do trabalhoHVWXGRVHPKRPHQDJHPDR3URIHVVRU'RXWRU-RmR 5pJLV)DVVEHQGHU7HL[HLUD&XULWLED-XUXiS *20(6'LQDXUD*RGLQKR3LPHQWHODireito do trabalho e dignidade da pessoa humana no contexto da globalização econômicaSUREOHPDVH SHUVSHFWLYDV6mR3DXOR/7U ',3,(752 0DULD 6\OYLD =DQHOOD DQRV GH 'LUHLWR $GPLQLVWUDWLYR %UDVLOHLURRevista Eletrônica de Direito do Estado6DOYDGRU,QVWLWXWR GH'LUHLWR3~EOLFRGD%DKLDQMDQIHYPDU'LVSRQtYHOHP KWWSZZZGLUHLWRGRHVWDGRFRPEU!$FHVVRHP Doutrina Social da Igreja'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSSWZLNLSHGLDRUJZLNL 'RXWULQDB6RFLDOBGDB,JUHMD!$FHVVRHP *20(62UODQGR*2776&+$/.(OVRQCurso de direito do trabalho HG5LRGH-DQHLUR)RUHQVH *5$8 (URV 5REHUWR A ordem econômica na Constituição de 1988: LQWHUSUHWDomRHFUtWLFDHG6mR3DXOR0DOKHLURV *5,6$5' ),/+2 :DOG\U $ IXQomR VRFLDO GD SURSULHGDGH GR GLUHLWR GHSURSULHGDGHDRGLUHLWRjSURSULHGDGH In 5$026&DUPHP/XFLD 6LOYHLUD&RRUG Direito Civil ConstitucionalVLWXDo}HVSDWULPRQLDLV &XULWLED-XUXiS *817+(5 /XL] (GXDUGR 2V FRQIOLWRV FROHWLYRV GH WUDEDOKR TXH VH VROXFLRQDPVHPDSDUWLFLSDomRGR3RGHU-XGLFLiULRQHJRFLDomRFROHWLYD HRSULQFtSLRGDVROLGDULHGDGHIn *817+(5/XL](GXDUGR6$1726

118



:LOOLDQV )UDQNOLQ /LUD GRV &RRUG Jurisdição, crise, efetividade e plenitude institucional&XULWLED-XUXiY,,S /(®2 ;,,, Rerum novarum: carta encíclica sobre a condição dos RSHUiULRV 7UDGXomR GH 0DQXHO $OYHV GD 6LOYD 6 - 6mR 3DXOR 3DXOLQDV /8&&$ 1HZWRQ GH Da ética geral à ética empresarial 6mR 3DXOR (GLWRUD4XDUWLHU/DWLQGR%UDVLO 0$548(6 &DUORV +HQULTXH GH 0DJDOKmHV $ RUGHP HFRQ{PLFD H R SULQFtSLRGDVXEVLGLDULHGDGHAgenda PMRAF1~PHURMDQHLURGH 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWSZZZSPUDGYFRPEUQRYRVLWHQRWLFLDV ,QWHUQRDVS["FRGLJR !$FHVVRHP 0$57,16),/+2,YHV*DQGUD$-XVWLoDGR7UDEDOKRHDKDUPRQL]DomR GDV UHODo}HV HQWUH FDSLWDO H WUDEDOKR In 0$57,16 ),/+2 ,YHV *DQGUD '(/*$'2 0DXUtFLR *RGLQKR 35$'2 1H\ $5$Ô-2 &DUORV&RRUG A efetividade do direito e do processo do trabalho 5LRGH-DQHLUR(OVHYLHUS 0$5; .DUO +HLQULFK O capital HGLomR FRQGHQVDGD &RQGHQVDGRU *DEULHO 'HYLOOH 7UDGXomR 0XULOR &RHOKR 6mR 3DXOR )ROKD GH 6mR 3DXOR 0$5; .DUO Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos e outros textos recolhidos 6HOHomR SRU -RVp $UWKXU *LDQQRWWL 6mR 3DXOR $EULO &XOWXUDO 025$(6),/+2(YDULVWRGHDo contrato de trabalho como elemento da empresa6mR3DXOR/7U


119


3$/20,127HRGRVLR$El futuro del sindicalismoRevista de Direito do Trabalho$QRQ$EULOMXQKR6mR3DXOR5HYLVWDGRV 7ULEXQDLVS 3$/20,127HRGRVLR$Século XXIGHILQLomRGRVVLQGLFDWRV"7UDGXomR
120



6,/9$-RVp$MXULFDEDGD&RVWDHRerum NovarumHGLUHLWRGRWUDEDOKR Revista do Tribunal Superior do TrabalhoY6mR3DXOR/7U S 6,48(,5$ $OHVVDQGUR 0DUTXHV GH )XQomR VRFLDO GD SURSULHGDGH Jus Navigandi 7HUHVLQD DQR Q PDU 'LVSRQtYHO HP KWWSMXVXROFRPEUUHYLVWDWH[WR!$FHVVRHPIHY 60,7+ $GDP Investigação sobre a natureza e as causas da riqueza das nações 7UDGXomR GH &RQFHLomR -DUGLP 0DULD GR &DUPR &DU\ H (GXDUGR/~FLR1RJXHLUD6mR3DXOR$EULO&XOWXUDOS 60,7+ $GDP Riqueza das nações HGLomR FRQGHQVDGD 7UDGXomR 1RUEHUWRGH3DXOD/LPD6mR3DXOR)ROKDGH6mR3DXOR 7(,;(,5$-RmR5pJLV)DVVEHQGHU6,00=HQRTeoria prática do direito do trabalho6mR3DXOR5HYLVWDGRV7ULEXQDLV 7(,=(1-81,25$XJXVWR*HUDOGRA função social no Código Civil 6mR3DXOR5HYLVWDGRV7ULEXQDLV 72.$56)iELR/HDQGUR)XQomRVRFLDOGD(PSUHVDIn5$026&DUPHP /~FLD 6LOYHLUD &RRUG Direito civil constitucional: situações SDWULPRQLDLV&XULWLED-XUXiS 9$/(17,1,9DQGRO que é subsidiariedade'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWS ZZZSXFVSEUIHFXOWXUDWH[WRVSHVVRDBVRFLHGDGHBVXEVLGLDULHGDGH KWPO!$FHVVRHP 9$//$'®2 +DUROGR 1RQDJpVLPR DQLYHUViULR GD (QFtFOLFD 5HUXP 1RYDUXPGHVXD6DQWLGDGHR3DSD/HmR;,,,Revista LTrYROQ MXQKRGH6mR3DXOR/7US


121


9,$11$6HJDGDVet alInstituições de direito do trabalhoHGDWXDO SRU$UQDOGR6VVHNLQGH-RmRGH/LPD7HL[HLUD)LOKR6mR3DXOR/7U Y, :,/621(GPXQGRumo à estação Finlândia7UDGXomR3DXOR+HQULTXH %ULWWR6mR3DXOR&RPSDQKLDGDV/HWUDVS

122


a encíclica rerum novarum e o princípio da subsidiariedade - TRT9

Recommend Documents