Teoria do caos: a ordem na não-linearidade - faccat.br

Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012.| 217 Teoria do caos: a ordem na não-lineariedade Franciele Fey í | : v Z } î...

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Teoria do caos: a ordem na não-lineariedade Franciele Feyϭ | :ĂƌďĂƐŶĚƌĠĚĂZŽƐĂϮ

Resumo KŽďũĞƟǀŽƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌŽĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞdžŽƐĞĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐ͘KƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĚĞƐĞũĂŵƉƌĞǀĞƌŽƋƵĞƉĞŶƐĂŵŽƐƐĞƌŽĂĐĂƐŽ ĞĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌƋƵĞ͕ŶĂƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĞƐƐĞĠƵŵĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƋƵĞƉŽĚĞƐĞƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƉŽƌ ĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐ͘KƐĐĄůĐƵůŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐƐĆŽƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĞĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͕ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐŶŽŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽ͕ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƉůĂĐĂƐ ƚĞĐƚƀŶŝĐĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ K ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ĂƌƟŐŽ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐĞƵƐ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ͕ŶĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĠĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůŶŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞĐĄůĐƵůŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŵƉƌŽǀĂŵƚĂůdĞŽƌŝĂ͘EĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƟĚŽ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌͲƐĞͲĆŽĂůŐƵŵĂƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞ ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ Ğ ƌĞůĂƚŽ ĚĞ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵ Ă dĞŽƌŝĂ ĚŽ ĂŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌĚĂĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵŽĨŽŶƚĞĚĞƉƌŽŵŽĕĆŽĚŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ƐĞŶĚŽĞƐƚĞƷůƟŵŽŽƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŽďũĞƟǀŽ͘WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽ entre essas duas áreas da ciência procura auxiliar na construção e na organização dos ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĐŽŐŶŝƟǀŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽďũĞƟǀŽĚĞĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂƌŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ƐƐŝŵƐĞŶĚŽ͕ďƵƐĐĂŝŶǀĞƐƟƌƚĂŵďĠŵŶĂĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͗ŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞŽĂůƵŶŽ͘ WĂůĂǀƌĂƐͲĐŚĂǀĞ͗dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐĐŽŵƉůĞdžŽƐ͘EĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘

ďƐƚƌĂĐƚ džƉůĂŝŶŝŶŐ ŚŽǁ ĚLJŶĂŵŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ĐŽŵƉůĞdž ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ ǁŽƌŬ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞ ŽĨ ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐŝĂŶƐƚƌLJƚŽƉƌĞĚŝĐƚǁŚĂƚǁĞƚŚŝŶŬĐŚĂŶĐĞŝƐĂŶĚƉƌŽǀĞƚŚĂƚŝƚ ŝƐĂĐƚƵĂůůLJĂƉŚĞŶŽŵĞŶŽŶƚŚĂƚĐĂŶďĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĚďLJĞƋƵĂƟŽŶƐ͘ĂůĐƵůĂƟŽŶƐŝŶǀŽůǀŝŶŐ ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂƌĞƵƐĞĚƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞĂŶĚƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝĐĂůƉŚĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ͕ƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶŐƌŽǁƚŚ͕ǀĂƌŝĂƟŽŶƐŝŶĮŶĂŶĐŝĂůŵĂƌŬĞƚ͕ĂŶĚƉůĂƚĞƚĞĐƚŽŶŝĐƐ͕ĂŵŽŶŐŽƚŚĞƌƚŚŝŶŐƐ͘dŚŝƐ ĂƌƟĐůĞƐĞĞŬƐƚŽƌĞŐŝƐƚĞƌƚŚĞƌĞůĂƟŽŶďĞƚǁĞĞŶŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂŶĚƉƉůŝĞĚDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͕ ƵƐŝŶŐƐŽŵĞŽĨŝƚƐĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƐ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐŝƐĞƐƐĞŶƟĂůƚŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞƋƵĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚƉƌŽǀĞƚŚĞ 'ƌĂĚƵĂĚĂĞŵDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƉĞůĂƐ&ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐ/ŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂƐĚĞdĂƋƵĂƌĂͲ&ĂĐĐĂƚͲdĂƋƵĂƌĂ͕Z^͘ [email protected] Ϯ &ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐ/ŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂƐĚĞdĂƋƵĂƌĂͲ&ĂĐĐĂƚͲdĂƋƵĂƌĂ͕Z^͘KƌŝĞŶƚĂĚŽƌ͘ ũĂƌďĂƐΛĨĂĐĐĂƚ͘ďƌͲŚƩƉ͗ͬͬůĂƩĞƐ͘ĐŶƉƋ͘ďƌͬϯϰϴϴϯϭϵϬϳϱϴϰϲϮϮϴ ϭ

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ĂĨŽƌĞŵĞŶƟŽŶĞĚƚŚĞŽƌLJ͘&ŽƌƚŚŝƐƌĞĂƐŽŶ͕ƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞǁŝůůƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐƵŐŐĞƐƟŽŶƐŽĨĚŝĚĂĐƟĐ ĂĐƟǀŝƟĞƐĂŶĚĂƌĞƉŽƌƚŽĨĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐŝŶǀŽůǀŝŶŐŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂƐĂŵŽƟǀĂƟŽŶĂůĞůĞŵĞŶƚ ŝŶƚŚĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĨDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐĂŶĚĂƐĂǁĂLJŽĨƉƌŽŵŽƟŶŐƚŚŝƐƐĐŝĞŶĐĞ͕ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐŽƵƌŵĂŝŶŽďũĞĐƟǀĞ͘dŚƵƐ͕ƚŚĞƌĞůĂƟŽŶďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƐĞƚǁŽďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐŽĨƐĐŝĞŶĐĞŚĞůƉƐŝŶ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŶŐĂŶĚŽƌŐĂŶŝnjŝŶŐĐŽŐŶŝƟǀĞĂƐƉĞĐƚƐǁŝƚŚĂǀŝĞǁƚŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐĂŶĚůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐŝŶDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͘^ƵĐŚƌĞůĂƟŽŶĂůƐŽƚƵƌŶƐƚŽĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚŝŶŐƚǁŽŽĨƚŚĞŵĂŝŶ ƐƵďũĞĐƚƐŝŶǀŽůǀĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ͗ƚĞĂĐŚĞƌĂŶĚƐƚƵĚĞŶƚ͘ <ĞLJǁŽƌĚƐ͗ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐĂŶĚůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐ͘ŽŵƉůĞdžĚLJŶĂŵŝĐĂů ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ͘EŽŶůŝŶĞĂƌŝƚLJ͘

ϭ/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ŶŽƚſƌŝĂĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƋƵĞƐĞĚĄ͕ĐĂĚĂǀĞnjĐŽŵŵĂŝŽƌĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ͕ƉĂƌĂĂŽďƚĞŶção de conhecimentos que nos deem o domínio das situações. Esse conhecimento tem ƐĞƚŽƌŶĂĚŽĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĂŝƐƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞŶĂƐƷůƟŵĂƐƋƵĂƚƌŽĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ͕ ĂƉĂƌƟƌĚŽƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĚĞƵŵŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝƐƚĂŶŽƌƚĞͲĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚǁĂƌĚ>ŽƌĞŶnj͕ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƵͲƐĞĨĂnjĞƌĂůŐŽĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽŝŶƵƐŝƚĂĚŽ͘^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ƵƟůŝnjĂŶĚŽĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĂŵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƚƌġƐ ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐ Ͳ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂ͕ ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƚŵŽƐĨĠƌŝĐĂ Ğ ǀĞůŽĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐǀĞŶƚŽƐʹ͕>ŽƌĞŶnjƚŽƌŶŽƵƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĨĂnjĞƌƉƌĞǀŝƐƁĞƐĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ĞƐĚĞĞŶƚĆŽ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƋƵĞŽƵƚƌŽƌĂĞƌĂĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŚŽƵǀĞƐƐĞ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĆŽ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ăƐ ƚĞŵƉĞƐƚĂĚĞƐ͕ ƚŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ;WZ/'K'/E͕ϮϬϬϮͿ͕ƚĞŵǀŝŶĚŽĚĂƌĞdžƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŶŽƐ ĐĂŵƉŽƐĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ĚĂŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĚĂDĞĚŝĐŝŶĂ͕ĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ^ŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĚĂĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĚĂƐƚƌŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͕ƉŽůşƟĐĂƐĞĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌĂƐƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐşǀĞŝƐ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĐŽŵġŶĨĂƐĞ ĂƚŽŵĂĚĂĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĞŵǀŝƌƚƵĚĞĚĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĞĚŽĚĞƐĞũŽ ƋƵĞŚĄĞŵƉŽĚĞƌĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞĂƚĠŵĞƐŵŽƉƌĞǀĞƌĨĂƚŽƐƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵǀŝƌĂĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌ͘ &ĂƚŽƌĚĞĐŝƐŝǀŽƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĨŽŝĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽĞĂĂĐĞŝƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƋƵĞŽĂŽƐũĄ ŶĆŽĠĂƉĞŶĂƐƵŵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂĚĞĂůƚŽŐƌĂƵĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĞĚŝİĐŝůĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ͘ dĞŵƐĞƚŽƌŶĂĚŽĂĐŚĂǀĞĐĂƉĂnjĚĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐŝŶĞdžƉůŝĐĄǀĞŝƐĞ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ƐĞŵŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĐŝĞŶơĮĐŽ͘KŵŽƟǀŽƉĂƌĂƚĂŶƚŽƚŽƌŶĂͲƐĞĐůĂƌŽƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚĞ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬ͕Ɖ͘ϯͿ͗͞KŶĚĞĞƐƚĄŽĂŽƐ͕ĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂƉĄƌĂ͘͟ KĂŽƐƚŽƌŶĂƋƵĞƐƟŽŶĄǀĞŝƐĂƐŶŽƐƐĂƐŵĂŝŽƌĞƐĐĞƌƚĞnjĂƐĞƐƵƐĐŝƚĂŶŽǀĂƐŝŶĚĂŐĂções acerca de nossa própria realidade.  ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ Ġ ŽďĐĞĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůĂ ƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ ƉĞůŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ Ğ ƉĞůĂ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂĕĆŽĚĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞĂĐĞƌĐĂ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞŶĆŽůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ŶĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞĞŵŶŽƐƐĂƐƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐǀŝĚĂƐĞƐƚĆŽŵƵŝƚŽĂůĠŵĚĞƉĞƌŵŝƟƌƋƵĞƐĞ ĨĂĕĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂĕĆŽŽƵƋƵĞƐĞŽďƚĞŶŚĂĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ͘ KƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵͲƐĞŵƵŝƚŽĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐĚĞŶŽƐƐĂƐƚĞŶƚĂƟǀĂƐĚĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ͕ƉŽŝƐƵŵĂƉĞƋƵĞŶŝŶĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĞƵŵĞǀĞŶƚŽƉŽĚĞƚƌĂnjĞƌĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĞŶŽƌŵĞƐĞĂďƐŽůƵƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐŶŽĨƵƚƵƌŽ͕ŽƋƵĞĠŵĞƚĂĨŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ͞ĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ͕͟Ğ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ƚĂŝƐĞǀĞŶƚŽƐƐĞƌŝĂŵƉƌĂƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐʹĐĂſƟĐŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͘ 218 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠƵŵĂĚĂƐůĞŝƐŵĂŝƐŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐĚŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞƋƵĂƐĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞŶŽƐĐĞƌĐĂ͘WĂƌĞĐĞĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌ͕ŵĂƐĠƐſŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌĂƚĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽƐ ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĂŝƐĐĂƐƵĂŝƐĚĂǀŝĚĂƉĂƌĂŶŽƚĂƌƋƵĞĞƐƐĂŝĚĞŝĂĨĂnjŵƵŝƚŽƐĞŶƟĚŽ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞŽĞdžĞŵƉůŽĚĞ^ŝůǀĂĞ^ŝůǀĂ;ϮϬϭϬ͕Ɖ͘ϭͿ͗ /ŵĂŐŝŶĞ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞŶŚĂ ƉĞƌĚŝĚŽ Ž ǀĞƐƟďƵůĂƌ ŶĂ ĨĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐĞƵƐƐŽŶŚŽƐ ƉŽƌƋƵĞƵŵƉƌĞŐŽĨƵƌŽƵŽƉŶĞƵĚŽƀŶŝďƵƐ͘ ĞƐĐŽŶƐŽůĂĚŽ͕ǀŽĐġ ĞŶƚƌĂĞŵŽƵƚƌĂƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ŶƚĆŽ͕ĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĐŽŵƋƵĞŵǀŽĐġǀĂŝĐŽŶǀŝǀĞƌ ƐĞƌĆŽŽƵƚƌĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĂŵŝŐŽƐǀĆŽŵƵĚĂƌ͕ŽƐĂŵŽƌĞƐƐĞƌĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĮůŚŽƐ e netos podem ser outros...

EŽĮŶĂů͕ƐƵĂǀŝĚĂƐĞĂůƚĞƌŽƵƉŽƌĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽ͕ĞƚƵĚŽƉŽƌĐĂƵƐĂĚĞƵŵƉƌĞŐŽŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽ dessa sequência de eventos. ŽŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐĐŽŶĐůƵşƌĂŵƋƵĞĞƐƐĂŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĂĞŵƋƵĂƐĞƚƵĚŽ͕ĚŽƌŝƚŵŽĚŽƐďĂƟŵĞŶƚŽƐĐĂƌĚşĂĐŽƐăƐĐŽƚĂĕƁĞƐĚĂŽůƐĂĚĞsĂůŽƌĞƐ͘EĂĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƉŽůŽŶġƐĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ;ϭϵϴϯͿĚĞƵƵŵŶŽǀŽŝŵƉƵůƐŽăƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĂŽŶŽƚĂƌƋƵĞĂƐĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjďĂƟĂŵĐŽŵĂƐƋƵĞĞůĞƉƌſƉƌŝŽŚĂǀŝĂĨĞŝƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĮŐƵƌĂƐŐĞƌĂĚĂƐĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĞĨſƌŵƵůĂƐƋƵĞƌĞƚƌĂƚĂŵŵĂƚĞŵĂƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƌĞůĞǀŽĚŽƐŽůŽŽƵĂƐƌĂŵŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŶŽƐƐĂƐ ǀĞŝĂƐĞĂƌƚĠƌŝĂƐ͘ ũƵŶĕĆŽĚŽĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjĐŽŵĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĞDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚŝŶĚŝĐĂƋƵĞ ŽĂŽƐƉĂƌĞĐĞĞƐƚĂƌŶĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞƚƵĚŽ͕ŵŽůĚĂŶĚŽŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͘ Pesquisas recentes mostraram algo ainda mais surpreendente: equações idênƟĐĂƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵĞŵĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐƋƵĞŶĆŽƚġŵƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐƵŶƐĐŽŵŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘/ƐƐŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŚĂǀĞƌƵŵĂĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂŽƌĚĞŵƉŽƌƚƌĄƐĚĞƚŽĚĂĂŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘^ſĂ ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌŽŵŝƐƚĠƌŝŽ͘ ĚĞĞdžƚƌĞŵĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƋƵĞƐĞƚĞŶŚĂďĞŵĐůĂƌŽƋƵĞŽĂŽƐŶĆŽĠĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ŵĂƐƐŝŵŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂŶŽĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞĂĐĂƐŽƵŵĂŽƌĚĞŵƋƵĞĠĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ ƉŽƌůĞŝƐƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐ͘KƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĐĂſƟĐŽŶĆŽĠĂůĞĂƚſƌŝŽŶĞŵĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŶĂĚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐĞdžŝƐƚĞƵŵĂ ordem e um padrão no sistema como um todo. É o que chamamos de Caos determinísƟĐŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞŚĄƵŵĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŽƐĞƵĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘WŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽ ĂŽƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐǀĞƌŽƌĚĞŵĞƉĂĚƌĆŽŽŶĚĞƐſƐĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂǀĂŵĂůĞĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝdades. Há sempre uma ordem escondida no Caos. Uma parte muito importante da Teoria do Caos encontra-se na geometria fractal. KƚĞƌŵŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ƋƵĞ͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽĂƌďŽƐĂ;ϮϬϬϱ͕Ɖ͘ϭϭͿ͕ĨŽŝĐƌŝĂĚŽƉŽƌĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ͕ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƵŵŽďũĞƚŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽƋƵĞŶƵŶĐĂƉĞƌĚĞƐƵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͘^ŝŐŶŝĮĐĂ͕ĂĐŝŵĂĚĞƚƵĚŽ͕ semelhança. KĞƐƚƵĚŽĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĞƐƚĄůŝŐĂĚŽădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂƉĂĚƌƁĞƐŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂdos de comportamento dentro de um sistema aparentemente aleatório. ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ^ŝƋƵĞŝƌĂ;ϮϬϭϬͿ͕ŶĂŵŝƚŽůŽŐŝĂŐƌĞŐĂ͕ĂŽƐĞƌĂŽĞƐƚĂĚŽŶĆŽŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĚŽ͕ ŽƵŽŶĂĚĂ͕ĚĞŽŶĚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƐƵƌŐŝĂŵ͘DĂƐŶĆŽĞƌĂĂƉĞŶĂƐŽŵĞƌŽǀĄĐƵŽ͕ŵĂƐŽ ĞƐƚĂĚŽĚĞĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽĞŶĞďƵůŽƐŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘ ,ŽũĞĞŵĚŝĂͲĐŽŵŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂͲ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽ ĂŽƐƐƵƌŐŝƵƉĂƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĂƐŇƵƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĞƌƌĄƟĐĂƐĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ƌĞƐşĚƵŽƐ da formação primordial vindas do grande ovo de Caos. Sistemas de comportamento caóUniverso Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 219

ƟĐŽƐĆŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐĞŵŵƵŝƚŽƐĐĂŵƉŽƐĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞĚĂĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂĞƐĆŽĞƐƚƵĚĂĚŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ƐĆŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐƉĂĚƌƁĞƐƋƵĞŵŽƐƚƌĂŵƵŵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂŶŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘ ĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ƟĚĂĐŽŵŽĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞŐƌĂŶĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĞĚĞďĞůĞnjĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͕ůŝŐĂĚĂƐăƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĞĂŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂĞăƉƌſƉƌŝĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚŽƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͘^ĆŽŝŵĂŐĞŶƐĚĞŽďũĞƚŽƐ ĂďƐƚƌĂƚŽƐƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵĐĂƌĄƚĞƌĚĞŽŶŝƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂƉŽƌƚĞƌĞŵĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƚŽĚŽŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŵƵůƟƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞĐĂĚĂƉĂƌƚĞ͘ ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĂƐ ŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƵƟůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ŽƐ &ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƚġŵ Ƶŵ ůŽŶŐŽ ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ͘ &ĂůƚĂŵ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ͕ Ğ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂŵ ƐĞŵ ƐŽůƵĕĆŽ͘hŵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂĞƵŶŝĮĐĂĚĂĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂ͕ĞĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƉƌŽƐƐĞŐƵĞŶĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƟĚŽ͘ KƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞƐƵĂƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽĞĞƐĐĂůĂ͕ƌĞƉĞƚĞŵͲƐĞĞŵƐŝŵĞƐŵŽƐ͕ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂĐŽŵŽĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘ůĞƐƌĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶĂƌĂŵĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽĞĂƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ͘ƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ͕ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞďĞůĂƐĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐĚĞƐƐĂ ŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨŽƌŶĞĐĞŵĐĞƌƚĂŽƌĚĞŵŶŽĂŽƐ͘WŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ăƐǀĞnjĞƐĠĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂĐŽŵŽĂƐƵĂ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĂůĞĂƚſƌŝŽ͘ ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬ͕Ɖ͘ϵϱͿ͗ΗA mente não pode visualizar toda a capacidade ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂƋƵĞĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞƚĞŵĚĞĂƵƚŽͲĞŵďƵƟƌͲƐĞ͘DĂƐƉĂƌĂĂůŐƵĠŵƋƵĞƉĞŶƐĞĐŽŵŽ ƵŵŐĞƀŵĞƚƌĂƐŽďƌĞĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕ĞƐƐĞƟƉŽĚĞƌĞƉĞƟĕĆŽĚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĞŵĞƐĐĂůĂƐĐĂĚĂǀĞnj ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐƉŽĚĞĂďƌŝƌƚŽĚŽƵŵŵƵŶĚŽΗ͘ ^ĞĨŽƌŵŽƐĨĂůĂƌĞŵǀĂůŽƌĞƐĞƐƚĠƟĐŽƐ͕ĂŶŽǀĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨƌĂĐƚĂůƉƀƐ ĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞdžĂƚĂĞŵŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĐŽŵŽƐĞŶƟŵĞŶƚŽĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐŽŵŽĚĞƌŶŽĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂŶĆŽ ĚŽŵĞƐƟĐĂĚĂ͕ŶĆŽĐŝǀŝůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ŶĆŽĚŽŵĂĚĂ͘ DĞƐŵŽĐĂƵƐĂŶĚŽƵŵŝŵƉĂĐƚŽŝŶŝĐŝĂůƋƵĂŶĚŽƉƌŽŶƵŶĐŝĂĚĂ͕ŽƵƉŽƌĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ŽƵƉŽƌƉĂƌĞĐĞƌŶĆŽƐĞĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƌͲƐĞăDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĐŚĂŵĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ ƉŽƌƉŽƐƐƵŝƌƵŵĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂŝŶƚĞŶƐĂ͘ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĞůĂĠĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĞŵƋƵĂƐĞ ƚŽĚŽŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂĞŵǀŝƌƚƵĚĞĚĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽşŶƟŵĂĐŽŵĂůşŶŐƵĂŵĂƚĞƌŶĂ͕ĞĂƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐϯ. ĞǀŝĚŽăƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ͕ĚĞƐŵŝƐƟĮĐĂƌĞĚŝĨƵŶĚŝƌĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ƚĆŽŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĞŵƵŝƚŽƐĨĞŶƀmenos. WĂƌĂWƌŝŐŽŐŝŶĞ;ϮϬϬϮ͕Ɖ͘ϴ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗ ΀͘͘͘΁ĂĨŽƌŵƵůĂĕĆŽƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂůĚĂƐůĞŝƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĐŽŶƚƌĂƉƵŶŚĂĂƐůĞŝƐĨƵŶĚĂmentais atemporais ăƐ ĚĞƐĐƌŝĕƁĞƐ ĨĞŶŽŵĞŶŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĐůƵĞŵ Ă ƐĞƚĂ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ƌĞĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĕĆŽĚŽĂŽƐůĞǀĂƚĂŵďĠŵĂƵŵĂŶŽǀĂŽĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂ͕ĂƵŵĂ ĐŝġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŶĆŽĨĂůĂĂƉĞŶĂƐĚĞůĞŝƐ͕ŵĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵĚĞĞǀĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĂƋƵĂůŶĆŽĞƐƚĄ ĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚĂĂŶĞŐĂƌŽƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽŶŽǀŽ͕ƋƵĞĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂƌŝĂƵŵĂƌĞĐƵƐĂĚĂƐƵĂ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĐƌŝĂĚŽƌĂ͘

:ƵƐƟĮĐĂͲƐĞĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂŶŽƚŽĐĂŶƚĞăƌĞƵŶŝĆŽĚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĞĐŽŵƉŝůĂĕĆŽĚĞĚĂĚŽƐ ĞĨĂƚŽƐƉĂƌĂƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂůŐƵŵĂƐƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƐĐŽŵŽŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽŶĂƐƵĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĞƐƚĄĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂăƉƌſƉƌŝĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ǭŵďƌſƐŝŽ Ž ƚĞƌŵŽ ͞ĂƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐ͟ ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ĂŽ ŵŽĚŽ ĚĞ ƵƐĂƌ ŽƐ ƌĂŵŽƐ ĚĂ DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ ĚĞ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞůŽĐĂů͘dĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŽĂƉĂƌĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞŶŽǀĂƐŝĚĠŝĂƐŶĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĨŽƌĂĚŽĐƵƌƌşĐƵůŽͲŵĂƐƋƵĞƚĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽşŶƟŵĂ ĐŽŵĂĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂͲĐĂƵƐĂŶĚŽĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽƐŽďƌĞƐƵĂƚĞŽƌŝnjĂĕĆŽ͕ƐĞũĂŶĂƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƉƌĄƟĐĂ;ƚŶŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂͿ͕ŽƵ ƐƵĂƉƌĄƟĐĂƌĞŇĞdžŝǀĂ͘

ϯ

220 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

ĚŽƐĞƌŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ŶĂĐŽŶĐĞƉĕĆŽĚĞŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽĞĚĞƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘dĞŶĚŽĚŽŵŝŶĂĚŽŽŵƵŶĚŽ İƐŝĐŽ͕ŽŚŽŵĞŵĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵŽƉŽĚĞƌĚĂ͞ZĂŝŶŚĂĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ͟;'Z/͕ϮϬϬϲ͕Ɖ͘ϳͿ͕ƚĂŶƚŽ ŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŶĐƌĞƚĂĐŽŵŽŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĂďƐƚƌĂƚĂ͘KŐƌĂŶĚĞĚĞƐĂĮŽĞŶĨƌĞŶƚĂĚŽ͕ŚŽũĞ͕ĠĐŽŵŽ ƐŝŵƉĂƟnjĂƌĐŽŵĞƐƐĂ͞ZĂŝŶŚĂĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ͟ĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂŶŽŵƵŶĚŽŐůŽďĂůŝnjĂĚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀĞŵŽƐ͘ĞƐƐĞƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ͕ƌŽƵƐƐĞĂƵ;ϮϬϬϳ͕Ɖ͘ϭϱͿƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂ͗ ^ĞŵƉƌĞ ŶŽƐ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂŵŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐ ͚ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ͛ƉĂƌĂĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞĐŽŵŽůĞǀĂƌĂĐĂďŽĞƐƐĂĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ͘^ĆŽ ĂďƵŶĚĂŶƚĞƐŽƐƚĞdžƚŽƐƐŽďƌĞĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĞĞůĞƐĞdžƉůŝĐĂŵĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ͕ĞŵƵŵĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ĐĂĚĂĐŝĚĂĚĆŽĚŝƐƉŽƌĚĞƵŵĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐƵĮĐŝĞŶƚĞĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĐŽŶƚĂƌĐŽŵƵŵĂƋƵĂŶƟĚĂĚĞĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂ ĚĞƚĠĐŶŝĐŽƐĞĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐƉĂƌĂĞŶĨƌĞŶƚĂƌŽƐĚĞƐĂĮŽƐĚŽĨƵƚƵƌŽʹƋƵĂŶĚŽ͕ĂŽƋƵĞ ƚƵĚŽŝŶĚŝĐĂ͕ĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂǀŝƌĄĂĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂƌƵŵƉĂƉĞůŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞŶŝƐƐŽ͘

ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽƐWĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌĞƐEĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϮͿƉĂƌĂŽŶƐŝŶŽDĠĚŝŽ͕ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂĞƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂĂ outros conhecimentos traz em si o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades que são essencialmente formadoras. Isso ocorre porque instrumentalizam e estruturam o ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ĂůƵŶŽ͕ ĐĂƉĂĐŝƚĂŶĚŽͲŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĞƐƉĞĐşĮĐĂƐ͕ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ͕ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞǀĂůŝĚĂƌ͕ƟƌĂƌĐŽŶĐůƵƐƁĞƐƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ͕ƚŽŵĂƌĚĞĐŝƐƁĞƐ͕ŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂƌĞƉĂƌĂŵƵŝƚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĂĕƁĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐăƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ͘ ŽůŽĐĂƌĞŵƉƌĄƟĐĂƚŽĚŽƐŽƐŽďũĞƟǀŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐƉĞůŽƐWEƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϬ͖ϮϬϬϮͿ ĞĂƐĐŽŶĐĞƉĕƁĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐĚĞƋƵĞĚŝƐƉŽŵŽƐŶĆŽĠƚĂƌĞĨĂĨĄĐŝůĞŵƐĞƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽĚĂƌĞĂůŝdade educacional. Passamos atualmente por problemas estruturais e pedagógicos de ŽƌĚĞŵƐŽĐŝĂů͕ĐƵůƚƵƌĂůĞƉŽůşƟĐĂ͘ ŵƚĂůƐĞŶƟĚŽ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŶĚŽĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵĚŽĞŶƐŝŶŽĚĂ DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŵĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂƐĞƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ ŶĞƐƐĂĄƌĞĂĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ĐŽŵĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŐĞƌĂƌĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵ͘ ĂďĞƚĂŵďĠŵƌĞƐƐĂůƚĂƌĂŐƌĂŶĚĞƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƵƟůŝnjĂƌŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĐŽŵŽĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽŶĂƐƐĂůĂƐĚĞĂƵůĂ͘WŽĚĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ƐĞƌƵŵĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĞŵĞƐƚƵĚŽĞ͕ĂŝŶĚĂ͕ĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƌĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĂ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ ^ĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ŽŽďũĞƟǀŽĠĂƉŽĚĞƌĂƌͲƐĞĚĞƚĆŽƌŝĐŽƐĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞƐƐĂďĞƌĞƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐƋƵĞƐĆŽĚĞƐǀĞŶĚĂĚŽƐĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂĚŽƐƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ ĨĂƐĐŝŶĂŶƚĞƉŽĚĞƌĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐǀŝƐƚĂƐ͕ĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽ͕ĐŽŵŽŝŶĞdžƉůŝĐĄǀĞŝƐ ŽƵŝƌƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĞĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞƐƐĞƐ͞ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ͟ƐŽďƵŵŶŽǀŽąŶŐƵůŽ͘WŽĚĞͲƐĞ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ĞǀŝƚĂƌĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĕƁĞƐĚŽƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐŶŽƐƌĞĨĞƌŝŵŽƐĂƵŵĂŝġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŶĆŽƚƌĂƚĂ ĚĞƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐƐŝŵƉůŝĮĐĂĚĂƐ͕ŝĚĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐ͕ŵĂƐƋƵĞŶŽƐĐŽůŽĐĂĚŝĂŶƚĞĚĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽƌĞĂů͕ŝŶĚŽĐŽŶƚƌĂĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶşƐƟĐĂĚĂƐůĞŝƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͘ ĞƐĞũĂͲƐĞ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĂƌƟŐŽ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌƐĞƵƐ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐĞŶĐĂĚĞĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŵĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ƉĂƌĂƐĞƚĞƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ͕ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂĞĂƚƵĂů͕ĚĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘^ƵĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽƉŽĚĞŽĐŽƌƌĞƌƚĂŶƚŽŶŽŶşǀĞůĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ĐŽŵŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŶŽ ŶşǀĞů ŵĠĚŝŽ͕ ŵŽĚĞůĂŶĚŽ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽ Ž ensino e a aprendizagem.

Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 221

ϮdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞƐĞƵŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ YƵĂŶĚŽŽƐŐƌĞŐŽƐƋƵĞƌŝĂŵƐĞƌĞĨĞƌŝƌĂƵŵǀĂnjŝŽĂďŝƐƐĂů͕ƵƐĂǀĂŵĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĐŚĄŽƐ. ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ŽĂŽƐŶĞŵƐĞŵƉƌĞŶŽƐƌĞŵĞƚĞĂĨĂƚŽƐƌƵŝŶƐ͘EŽƐĞŶƟĚŽĚĞƉƵƌĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƉŽƵĐŽƐĞƉŽĚĞĚŝnjĞƌĂƐĞƵĨĂǀŽƌ͘WŽƌĠŵŽƋƵĞŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽ:ĂŵĞƐzŽƌŬĞĞƐƚĂǀĂƋƵĞƌĞŶĚŽĚŝnjĞƌƋƵĂŶĚŽƐĞƵƟůŝnjŽƵĚĞƐƐĞƚĞƌŵŽĞŵϭϵϳϱĞƌĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂ͕ ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƵŵƉĂĚƌĆŽĚĞŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƉŽƌƚƌĄƐĚĂĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞĐĂƐƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ^ŽďƌĞŝƐƐŽ͕ĂĮƌŵĂ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϭϱ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗ ΀͘͘͘΁͚ĂŽƐ͛ʹƵŵĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĂŶƟŐĂƋƵĞŽƌŝŐŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞĞŶƵŶĐŝĂǀĂƵŵĂĨĂůƚĂƚŽƚĂů ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂŽƵĂƌƌĂŶũŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĄƟĐŽ͕ŵĂƐĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƉĂƌĂƐƵŐĞƌŝƌĂĂƵsência de alguma forma de ordem que deveria estar presente. Apesar de sua ŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĞƐƚĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌŶĆŽĞƐƚĄƉƌſdžŝŵĂĚĞƐĞƵůĞŝƚŽĚĞŵŽƌƚĞĞ͕ƌĞĐĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƐƵƉĞƌŽƵŵƵŝƚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĐŽŵƵŶƐĂŽĂĚƋƵŝƌŝƌǀĄƌŝŽƐƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽƐ técnicosƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ƉŽƌĠŵĚŝƐƟŶƚŽƐ͘

͞dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͟ʹĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĚĂʹĞŶƚƌŽƵĞŵǀŝŐŽƌƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϴϬ͕ŵĂƐƐƵĂƐƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐĞƐƚĆŽƐĞŶĚŽůĂŶĕĂĚĂƐĚĞƐĚĞϭϵϲϬ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝƐƚĂĚŽ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚŽĚĞdĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂĚĞDĂƐƐĂĐŚƵƐĞƩƐͲD/dͲĚǁĂƌĚ>ŽƌĞŶnjĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵŵŽĚĞůŽƐĐŽŵƉƵƚĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĚŽƐƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘ŽŵŽĠƐĂďŝĚŽ͕ĠĞdžƚƌĞŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚŝİĐŝůƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌƵŵĂƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽƉĂƌĂůŽŶŐŽƉƌĂnjŽ͕ĂŝŶĚĂƋƵĞƉŽƐƐĂŵŽƐŝƐŽůĂƌĨĂƚŽres que causam sua mudança. >ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲͿ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽŵƵŝƚŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ƉĞŶƐĂǀĂƋƵĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞĞƌĂŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĞƐƐĂƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĞƌĂĚĞƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽŵĂŝƐĂďƌĂŶŐĞŶƚĞ͘ƐƐŝŵƐĞŶĚŽ͕ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵ ƵŵƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂďĂƐĞĂĚŽĞŵĚŽnjĞĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ƋƵĞ͕ĞŵůŝŶŚĂƐŐĞƌĂŝƐ͕ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂǀĂŵ ĂŵŽĚĞůĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐƋƵĞŝŶŇƵĞŶĐŝĂǀĂŵŶŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘ E descobriu algo surpreendente: pequenas mudanças ou pequenos erros em um par de variáveis produziam efeitos tremendamente desproporcionais. Para um períoĚŽĚĞƵŶƐĚŽŝƐĚŝĂƐ͕ĞůĂƐŵĂůĨĂnjŝĂŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ͕ŵĂƐ͕ĞdžƚƌĂƉŽůĂŶĚŽͲƐĞƉĂƌĂƵŵŵġƐŽƵ ŵĂŝƐ͕ĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĂŵƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘>ŽƌĞŶnjĐŚĂŵŽƵƐƵĂ ĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂĚĞ͞ĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ͕͟ƟƌĂĚŽĚŽơƚƵůŽĚĞĂƌƟŐŽƋƵĞĞůĞƉƵďůŝĐŽƵĞŵϭϵϳϵ͗ ͞WƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ŽďĂƚĞƌĚĞĂƐĂƐĚĞƵŵĂďŽƌďŽůĞƚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝůƉŽĚĞĚĞƐĞŶĐĂĚĞĂƌƵŵƚŽƌnado no Texas?”. ŵŽƵƚƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͗ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐƉŽĚĞŵĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉƌŽĚƵnjŝƌƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĐĂƚĂƐƚƌſĮĐŽƐŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐ͍>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲͿƉĞƌŵŝƟƵͲƐĞƵŵĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂŚŝƉĠƌďŽůĞƉŽƌƋƵĞƋƵĞƌŝĂĚƌĂŵĂƟnjĂƌƐĞƵƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ͕ĂƋƵĂůĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŶĂĮŐƵƌĂϭ͕ĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘

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&ŝŐƵƌĂϭʹ'ƌĄĮĐŽĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjͲĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƟǀŽĚŽĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ &ŽŶƚĞ͗ƌƚĞƌĂƐŝůŝƐ;ϮϬϭϭͿ

sŝƌƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƚŽĚŽƐŽƐİƐŝĐŽƐĂŶƚĞƐĚŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϳϬĮdžĂƌĂŵͲƐĞŶŽƐĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ͞ůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͟ʹƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĞŵƋƵĞƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĂŵƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐ͘DĂƐƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐʹŶĆŽƐſŶĂŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝĂĞŶĂİƐŝĐĂ͕ĐŽŵŽƚĂŵďĠŵŶĂďŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĞĐŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĞĂƐƐŝŵƉŽƌĚŝĂŶƚĞʹŶĆŽ obedeciam a leis lineares nem seguiam fórmulas lineares. WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ͞ŶĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͟ƐĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞƐĞŵƋƵĞĂƐĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵƚĂdžĂƐǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐĚĞŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ͕ĞŶĆŽƚĂdžĂƐĮdžĂƐ͕ĞŵƋƵĞĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƐĆŽŵƵůƟƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐĞŵǀĞnjĚĞ ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐ͕ĞƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐĚĞƐǀŝŽƐƉŽĚĞŵƚĞƌǀĂƐƚŽƐĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ͘ KƉƌſdžŝŵŽƉĂƐƐŽĞŵĚŝƌĞĕĆŽădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĨŽŝĚĂĚŽŶŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϳϬ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ zŽƌŬĞĞƐĞƵĂŵŝŐŽ͕ŽďŝſůŽŐŽZŽďĞƌƚDĂLJ͕ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂĞdžĂŵŝŶĂƌĂƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚĂ ĂƐƐŝŵĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ͞ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽůŽŐşƐƟĐĂ͟ƋƵĞ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐ͕ĨŽƌŶĞĐĞƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐ para o crescimento da população. Essa equação funciona de maneira em que os resultados vão sempre alimentando a equação de modo a se obterem novos resultados. O ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞĠƋƵĞ͕ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĚĞĐŽŵŽƵƟůŝnjĂŵŽƐĐĞƌƚŽĨĂƚŽƌ͕ŽƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞ ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐŽƵĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐĂſƟĐŽƐ͘ WĂƌĂ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϭϴ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗͞ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂĚŽĐŚĂŵĂƌƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂİƐŝĐŽ ƌĞĂůĚĞĐĂſƟĐŽƋƵĂŶĚŽƐĞĞůŝŵŝŶĂĚĞƐƵĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĞŵƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽ͕ĞƐƐĂĂůĞĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽͲĞŶĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞĞƐƉĞĐŝĮĐĂŵĞŶƚĞͲĞ͕ĂŝŶĚĂĂƐƐŝŵ͕Ž sistema pareça agir aleatoriamente”.

3 Geometria Fractal ŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĠ͕ƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ͘ƐƐĂĠƵŵĂĚĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞUniverso Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 223

ƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ĂĂƵƚŽƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂ͘sġͲƐĞŝƐƐŽƐĞŵƉƌĞƋƵĞƐĞĐŽƌƚĂƵŵƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĞ ďƌſĐŽůŝƐĞƐĞƉĞƌĐĞďĞƋƵĞĞƐƐĞƉĞĚĂĕŽĠƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞăǀĞƌĚƵƌĂŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͘sĞũĂŵͲƐĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ Fractais e note-se a autossemelhança. EŽƐĞdžĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐŶĂ&ŝŐƵƌĂϮ͕ŽƌĞƚąŶŐƵůŽďƌĂŶĐŽƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂ a ampliação apresentada na imagem posterior.

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&ŝŐƵƌĂϮʹdžĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ &ŽŶƚĞ͗dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ;ϮϬϭϭͿ

'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĠĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ;'ůĞŝĐŬ͕ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ŽĐƌŝĂĚŽƌĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ŝŶƐŝƐƚĞĞŵŽƐƚƌĂƋƵĞĠĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĞŶĆŽĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂĞƵĐůŝĚŝĂŶĂ͕ĂƋƵĞƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞƌĞŇĞƚĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ ĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŽƐĚŽŵƵŶĚŽƌĞĂů͘ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂĨƌĂĐƚĂůǀĞŵĚŽůĂƟŵĨƌĂĐƚƵƐ͕ƋƵĞƋƵĞƌĚŝnjĞƌĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĂĚŽ͕ĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͘ ĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƋƵĞĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƐƚĄŶŽƚŽĚŽĞŽƚŽĚŽĞƐƚĄŶĂƉĂƌƚĞ͘&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽŽďũĞƚŽƐĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĚĞĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĞƐƉĂĐŝĂůĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ͕ĐŽŵĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞĚĞĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘

224 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞŽƌƌġĂ;ϮϬϬϳͿ͕ĞƐƐĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ͕ŶĂĚĂĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂů͕ƚĞŵƌĂşnjĞƐƌĞŵŽŶƚĂŶĚŽĂŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/yĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŶĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƟĚŽǀġŵĚĞŵƵŝƚŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ŶĂ'ƌĠĐŝĂ ,ŽŵĠƌŝĐĂ͕1ŶĚŝĂ͕ŚŝŶĂ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞŚĄƉŽƵĐŽƐĂŶŽƐǀĞŵƐĞĐŽŶƐŽůŝdando com o desenvolvimento dos computadores e com o auxílio de novas teorias nas ĄƌĞĂƐĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ĚĂŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĚĂƐƚƌŽŶŽŵŝĂĞĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐĚĞ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐƵƌŐŝƌĂŵĐŽŵŽĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘ hŵĂĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽŵĂŝƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐĠĞƐƚĂ͗&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽŽďũĞƚŽƐŐĞƌĂĚŽƐƉĞůĂƌĞƉĞƟĕĆŽĚĞƵŵ ŵĞƐŵŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŝǀŽ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽĂƵƚŽƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘ ŝŵĂŐĞŵĚĂƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚĠƵŵĞdžĞŵƉůŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘hŵŵĞƐŵŽƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĠĂƉůŝĐĂĚŽĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐǀĞnjĞƐƐŽďƌĞƵŵŽďũĞƚŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ŐĞƌĂŶĚŽƵŵĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂ͘ĂĚĂƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĂůŝŶŚĂĨŽŝĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽĞŵϰƉĞĚĂĕŽƐŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ ŝĚġŶƟĐŽƐ ĂŽ ƉĞĚĂĕŽ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͕ ĐĂĚĂ Ƶŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ ϯ ǀĞnjĞƐ ŵĞŶŽƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĂŵĂŶŚŽ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ƵƐĂŶĚŽƵŵŶŽǀŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĚĞĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ͕ŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĐĂůĐƵůĂƌĂŵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ ĨƌĂĐƚĂůĚĞƐƐĞŽďũĞƚŽĐŽŵŽƐĞŶĚŽ͗

EĂĮŐƵƌĂϯ͕ĞƐƚĄƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĂƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚ͘

&ŝŐƵƌĂϯʹ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͞ĐƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚ͟ &ŽŶƚĞ͗:ĂŶĞůĂƐ͘͘͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ

ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞĂƌďŽƐĂ;ϮϬϬϱͿ͕ĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽ͗ĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͖ƉĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐĞĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ͗ Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 225

džƚĞŶƐĆŽŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ depende da unidade padrão de medida. ĞǀŝĚŽăŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͕ƋƵĂŶƚŽŵĂŝƐƐĞƌĞĚƵnjŽƚĂŵĂŶŚŽĚĂƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŵĞĚŝĚĂ͕ŵĂŝŽƌƐĞƌĄĂĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽĚĂĐŽŝƐĂŵĞĚŝĚĂ͘ĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽĚĞƵŵ&ƌĂĐƚĂůƚĞŶĚĞĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽ quando a unidade padrão de medida tende a zero. WĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐŶĆŽƐĆŽƌşŐŝĚŽƐ͕ƐĆŽ ƉĞƌŵĞĄǀĞŝƐ͘ƉĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŽŝŶƚĞƌĐąŵďŝŽĚĞĚĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌĐąŵďŝŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ ŶŽ ŵĞŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞƐĚĞĂŵĞŶŽƌĞƐĐĂůĂʹĂĚŽŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĂŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽʹĂƚĠĂƐĞƐĐĂůĂƐ ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ͘ƐƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐĚĞŚŽũĞŶĆŽƉĞƌĐŽƌƌĞŵĐĂŵŝŶŚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůŽƐĞĚŝƐƟŶƚŽƐ͘ůĂƐƐĞ ĐƌƵnjĂŵĂƚŽĚĂŚŽƌĂ͕ŽƋƵĞĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂŵŽƐŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶĞdžƁĞƐ͘ ƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂŶĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ͘ŽƐĞ ĚŝǀŝĚŝƌŽƚŽĚŽĞŵƉĂƌƚĞƐŝƚĞƌĂƟǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐƉĂƌƚĞƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŶŽƌĞƐƋƵĞƐĞũĂŵ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐĂŽƚŽĚŽ͘ƉĂƌƚĞƌĞŇĞƚĞĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽƚŽĚŽ͘ŝnjͲƐĞ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƋƵĞŽƚŽĚŽĞƐƚĄŶĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƋƵĞĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƐƚĄŶŽƚŽĚŽ͘ĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƵŵƐĞŶƟĚŽĚĞŽƌĚĞŵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐ͘ ŽŵĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĚĞŝdžĂŵŽƐĚĞǀĞƌĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĂŶƟƚĂƟǀĂŵĞŶƚĞĞ ƉĂƐƐĂŵŽƐĂǀġͲůĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵƵŵŽůŚĂƌƋƵĂůŝƚĂƟǀŽ͘ 'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĞƐƚĄŝŶƟŵĂŵĞŶƚĞůŝŐĂĚĂădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘^ĆŽĂƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƋƵĞďƌĂĚĂƐ͕ĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐ͕ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂƐĞďĞůĂƐĚĞƐƐĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂƋƵĞĐŽŶĨĞƌĞŵƵŵĂĐĞƌƚĂŽƌĚĞŵĂŽĂŽƐ͕ĞĞƐƚĂĠ͕ŵƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝnjĂĚĂĐŽŵŽƐĞŶĚŽĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĚŽĂŽƐ͘ EĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϮϭϮͲϮϭϯͿ͕͞ĂůŐƵŶƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĐŚĞŐĂŵĂƋƵĂƐĞƐĞƌ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĂŽƐƉŽƌƐĞƌĞŵƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚŽƐŵĞĚŝĂŶƚĞƌĞŐƌĂƐĚĞƐĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŶĚŽĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐ͕ĞŶĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƉŽƌĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĂƌĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŶĆŽͲĐŽŶǀĞŶcionais”. ĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞďĞůĞnjĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĞŐƌĂŶĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƋƵĞĞƐƚĆŽůŝŐĂĚĂƐĂŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂ͕ăƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ e a própria compreensão do universo. Trata-se de uma geometria nada convencional. Essa geometria busca padrões organizados de comportamento dentro de um sistema aparentemente aleatório. A geometria fractal e o Caos teriam permanecido como meras curiosidades não ĨŽƐƐĞĂĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂĚŽİƐŝĐŽDŝƚĐŚĞůů&ĞŝŐĞŶďĂƵŵ͕ŶŽƐŵĞĂĚŽƐĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ĚĞ ƋƵĞŵƵŝƚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐŶĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͕ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŶĆŽƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵͲƐĞĚĞ ŵŽĚŽƐ ĐůĂƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƐƵŐĞƌĞ ƋƵĞ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ĞdžŝƐƟƌ ƵŵĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ƵŶŝĮĐĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌŽĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĐĂſƟĐŽĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĞĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƵŵĂĨĂŝdžĂĂŵƉůĂĚĞ ƐĞƚŽƌĞƐ͘ĨŽŝŶĞƐƐĞŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƋƵĞŽƐĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂƉƌĞƐƚĂƌĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ nas situações de Caos. dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠĂůŐŽƌĞĐĞŶƚĞĞĂŝŶĚĂĞƐƚĄƐĞŶĚŽůĂƉŝĚĂĚĂĞŶŽǀĂƐĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ĞƐƚĆŽƐĞŶĚŽĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂƐŽƵŝŶǀĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ͕ĂƌƟŐŽƐĐŽŶƟŶƵĂŵĂƐĞƌƉƵďůŝĐĂĚŽƐ͕ĚƷǀŝĚĂƐĞ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂĕƁĞƐĂůƚĞƌŶĂŵͲƐĞƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ƉĞƐĂƌĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐůĂŶĕŽƵĂůŐƵŵĂ ůƵnj ŶŽ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ ĚĞ ůşƋƵŝĚŽƐ ŇƵŝŶĚŽ͕ ŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ propícios a sofrer mudanças rápidas de um comportamento estável para um comporƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĐĂſƟĐŽ͕ŶŽŵŽĚŽĐŽŵŽĂĄŐƵĂƉĂƐƐĂĚĞůşƋƵŝĚŽĮdžŽĂůşƋƵŝĚŽ ĞŵĞďƵůŝĕĆŽ͕ăŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞĂƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂĠůŝŐĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƵŵĞŶƚĂĚĂ͘ϵϵ͕ϱΣ͕ĂĄŐƵĂ 226 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

ĠĂƉĞŶĂƐĄŐƵĂƋƵĞŶƚĞ͖ĂϭϬϬ͕ϱΣ͕ĞůĂƉĂƐƐĂĂŵƵĚĂƌĚĞĞƐƚĂĚŽ͕ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽͲƐĞŐĂƐŽƐĂ͘ ŽŵŽƐĂůŝĞŶƚĂ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ŵĞĚŝƌĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĨƌĂĐƚĂůĚĞƵŵĂƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞŵĞƚĄůŝĐĂ ƉŽĚĞŶŽƐĨŽƌŶĞĐĞƌƵŵĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĂƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚĞƐƵĂƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ͘ƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞĚĂƚĞƌƌĂ ƚĞŵƵŵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĚĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂƋƵĞŽƐǀĂƐŽƐƐĂŶŐƵşŶĞŽƐĞŵŶŽƐƐŽĐŽƌƉŽ͘ ƚĠŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽŚƵŵĂŶŽĞƐƵĂĐŽŶƐĐŝġŶĐŝĂƉŽĚĞŵƚĞƌĨŽƌŵĂƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘ 'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůƚĞŵƐŝĚŽĂĚŽƚĂĚĂĞŵĂůŐƵŵĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽ'ĞŶĞƌĂů ůĞĐƚƌŝĐ͕ƐƐŽ͕ƐƚƷĚŝŽƐĚĞ,ŽůůLJǁŽŽĚ͕ĞƚĂŵďĠŵĞŵǀĄƌŝŽƐƐĞƚŽƌĞƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŶĂĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ ŶĂDĞĚŝĐŝŶĂ͕ƉĂƌĂ͕ƉŽƌĞdžĞŵƉůŽ͕ƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĂĂŶĄůŝƐĞĚĞŝŶƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƉĂƌĂŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘

ϰDĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽŽƐWEƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϬ͖ϮϬϬϮͿ͕ŽĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĠƵŵĚŽƐŽďũĞƟǀŽƐƉĂƌĂĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ƐŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĞĐŽŵƉĞƚġŶĐŝĂƐƉĂƐƐĂŵĂƚĞƌŶŽǀŽĞŶĨŽƋƵĞ͕ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽĂŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƐ͘ ƐĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĐŽŵĐŽƌƚĞƐĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐƐĆŽŵƵŝƚŽĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞĚŽƌĂƐŶŽƋƵĞƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞăƐŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƋƵĞĞůĂƐŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŵŶŽƐĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐƌĂŵŽƐĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ ůĠŵĚĞƚŽĚĂĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƋƵĞĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĨĂnjĞƌ͕ŶŽĕƁĞƐĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĨƵŶĕƁĞƐĞĄůŐĞďƌĂƐĆŽĨŽƌƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĞǀŝĚĞŶĐŝĂĚĂƐŶĞƐƐĂƉƌĄƟĐĂ͘ WŽƌƚƵĚŽŝƐƐŽ͕ĂƉſƐƵŵĞƐƚƵĚŽƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽĂĐĞƌĐĂĚŽƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĨĞnjͲƐĞĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐĐƌŝƚĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞŝŶƟƚƵůĂĚĂConstruindo Cartões Fractais Tridimensionais͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽŽƋƵĞĨŽŝƐƵŐĞƌŝĚŽƉŽƌůŵĞŝĚĂet al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ͘WĂƌĂŽƐ ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ͕ƚƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĞƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƋƵĞƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚŽƐ &ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐŵĞŝŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĞŵƚƌġƐĚŝŵĞŶƐƁĞƐ͕ĞdžƉůŽƌĂŶĚŽĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŵĞƐƐĞĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĞƵĐůŝĚŝĂŶĂĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ de construção. KƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂŵĚĞƵŵĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĞĐŽƌƚĞƐ;ůŝŶŚĂƐĐŚĞŝĂƐͿĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐ;ůŝŶŚĂƐƉŽŶƟůŚĂĚĂƐͿ͕ƚŽŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĐŽŵŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞƉĂƌƟĚĂĂƉůĂŶŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĞŐƌĂƵƐ Centrais;ĮŐƵƌĂϰͿ͘

&ŝŐƵƌĂϰʹĂƌƚĆŽ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĞŐƌĂƵƐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐ Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ

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WŽĚĞͲƐĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌƋƵĞŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĚĂĮŐƵƌĂϰƉŽƐƐƵŝĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ͘Žŵ ŽĐĂƌƚĆŽƉƌŽŶƚŽ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞƋƵĞĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐĚŽƐĐŽƌƚĞƐĞĚŽďƌĂduras são paralelepípedos. WĞƌĐĞďĞƵͲƐĞ͕ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĞĂĐĂĚĂŶŽǀŽĐŽƌƚĞĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂ͕ŽďƟǀĞmos novos paralelepípedos. Se chamarmos de iteração zero a primeira geração do carƚĆŽ͕ƋƵĂŶƚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐŶŽǀŽƐƐƵƌŐĞŵĂĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͍WŽĚĞͲƐĞĞdžƉůŽƌĂƌĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝŶĚŽĂƚĂďĞůĂϭ͕ŵŽƐƚƌĂĚĂĂďĂŝdžŽ͘ dĂďĞůĂϭ͗/ƚĞƌĂĕĆŽyEƷŵĞƌŽĚĞWĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐEŽǀŽƐ Iteração

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Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ

EŽƚŽƵͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕ĂĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŶŽǀŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĚŽďƌĂ͕ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ Ğŵ ĞƐĐĂůĂ ŵĞŶŽƌ ;ƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐͿ͘ Žŵ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĞŵĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĠĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƉĞůĂůĞŝĚĞƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂϮn͕ĞŵƋƵĞŶсϬ͕ϭ͕Ϯ͕ϯ͕͕͘͘͘ĠŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘ ƚĂďĞůĂϮ͕ŝŶƐĞƌŝĚĂŶĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƉĄŐŝŶĂ͕ŵŽƐƚƌĂŽĐĄůĐƵůŽĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐĚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐŽďƟĚŽƐŶĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂů͘EĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͕Ă ůĞŝĚĞƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐƉƌŽĚƵnjĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŵĂŝŽƌĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞ͘ƐƐĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ ŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂůĞŝĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĞŶĐĂƌĂĚĂĐŽŵŽƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞĚĞƐĂĮŽƉĂƌĂŽƐ estudantes. Žŵ ďĂƐĞ ŶŽƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ƚĂďĞůĂ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ĐŚĞŐĂƌ ă Ĩſƌmula geral que informa o volume total dos paralelepípedos do cartão em uma iteração ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ͘EĂƚĂďĞůĂĂĐŝŵĂ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐƋƵĞŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂůĚŽƐſůŝĚŽĞŵƵŵĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĠĂƐŽŵĂĚŽƐƚĞƌŵŽƐĚĞƵŵĂƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐĆŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐǀĂŝĂƵŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ͕ƐƵƌŐĞŵŶŽǀŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ͕ůŽŐŽŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂůĂƵŵĞŶƚĂ͘ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞǀŽůƵŵĞĚĞƵŵĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂŽƵƚƌĂĠĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĞŶŽƌ͕ƉŽŝƐŽǀŽůƵŵĞĚĞĐĂĚĂŶŽǀŽƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽĚŝŵŝŶƵŝ͘ƐƐĂ ŝĚĞŝĂƉŽĚĞƌŝĂƐĞƌƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƉĂƌĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞůŝŵŝƚĞ͘ EŽƚĂͲƐĞƚĂŵďĠŵƋƵĞŽĐĂƌƚĆŽƉŽƐƐƵŝĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĞůĞŵĂŶƚĠŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŽďƵŵĂƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞĞƐĐĂůĂĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘^Ğ ĨŽƐƐĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĐŽŶƟŶƵĂƌŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽƌƚĞĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂŶŽƉĂƉĞů͕ŶƵŶĐĂ ŽďƚĞƌşĂŵŽƐŽ͞ĐĂƌƚĆŽĮŶĂů͕͟ƵŵĂǀĞnjƋƵĞĂůĞŝƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽƉŽĚĞƌĄĐŽŶƟŶƵĂƌĂƐĞƌĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘

228 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

dĂďĞůĂϮ͗sŽůƵŵĞĚŽƐEŽǀŽƐWĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĞŵĐĂĚĂ/ƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĞsŽůƵŵĞdŽƚĂůƉĂƌĂŽĂƌƚĆŽ &ƌĂĐƚĂůĞŐƌĂƵƐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐ͘

Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ

4 Discussão dos Resultados ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ͕ĨŽŝƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĚŝƐĐƵƟƌŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ tópicos: ͻĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŵƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĐŽŵŽĂĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĞ ĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͖ ͻĂŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂůĞŝĚĞĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞ͞ƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ͟ĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚĂƐŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĞĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐ͖ ͻĂĚĞƐĐƌŝĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂŽƵĚĞƐĠƌŝĞĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĂůĞŝĚĞĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽ͖ ͻĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞůŝŵŝƚĞĚĞƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ͘ Percebeu-se que os alunos compreenderam os conteúdos envolvidos na construĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĞƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĂŵĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĐŽŵŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĞĚĞĚŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘ KƵƚƌĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƐĞƌŝĂĂŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂĕĆŽĚĂƐůĞŝƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚĂƐƉŽƌŽƵƚƌĂƐƌĞŐƌĂƐĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƌƚƁĞƐĞƉĞůĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐŐƌĂŶĚĞnjĂƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƐĐŽŵƉƌŝmentos dos cortes ou as áreas das faces. ĐƌĞĚŝƚĂͲƐĞƋƵĞĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĂƉƌŽdžŝŵŽƵŽƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĚĂ ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnj͕ ĨĂnjĞŶĚŽͲŽ ƌĞŇĞƟƌ Ğ ĐƌŝĂƌ ŶŽǀĂƐ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ Ă

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ƉĂƌƟƌĚŽũŽŐŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘DĞƐŵŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐŵƵŝƚŽĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐĚĂ ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĂƐƐĠƌŝĞƐĞůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͕ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĞƐƐĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘ 5 Conclusão O conhecimento de novas maneiras de ensinar e de aprender leva o educador a ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌĂƐďĂƌƌĞŝƌĂƐĚĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů͕ĂŝŶĚĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĞŵŵƵŝƚĂƐĞƐĐŽůĂƐ͘ŽŶƐƚƌƵŝƌƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚĞŶŽǀŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞdžŝŐĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽĚŽĐĞŶƚĞ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞĂĐĞŝƚĂĕĆŽĞĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͘ƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞƵŵƚĞŵĂŐĞƌĂĚŽƌ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ĐŽŵĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽƐũĄĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽƐĨŽƌŵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƉŽĚĞĂŐƌĞŐĂƌĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƉŽƐŝƟǀŽƐŶĂƌĞĚĞ ĚĞƌĞͲƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͘^ĞŐƵŶĚŽŝĐƵĚŽ;ϭϵϵϳ͕Ɖ͘ϱϮͿ͗ KƐĞƌƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌƚƌĂnj͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĞŵƐĞƵďŽũŽ͕ƚĂŶƚŽĂƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂĐŽŵŽ modo de ser e de conhecer do aluno como para com o do ser e do conhecer do ĐŽƌƉŽĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ŽďũĞƚŽĚŽƐĞƵĞŶƐŝŶŽ͘ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŵƋƵĞŽ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌƚĞŶŚĂĐůĂƌŽƉĂƌĂƐŝŽƋƵĞĞƐƐĂĄƌĞĂĚŝnjĚŽŵƵŶĚŽ͕ŽƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂƐŽďƌĞ ĞůĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĞdžƉůŝĐĂŽƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂ͕ĐŽŵŽƐĆŽŐĞƌĂĚŽƐƐĞƵƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽ os membros são perpetuados na tradição cultural da humanidade e são transŵŝƟĚŽƐĞŵƵŵĂĐĂĚĞŝĂƐĞŵĮŵĚĞĐŽŶƚĂƚŽƐŚƵŵĂŶŽƐŶĂƋƵĂůƐĞŵƉƌĞĞdžŝƐƚĞŵ ĐĞŶƚĞůŚĂƐĚĞƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽĐƌŝĂƟǀŽĞĚĞĂďĞƌƚƵƌĂƉĂƌĂŽŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͘

Acredita-se que as competências e habilidades adquiridas e desenvolvidas pelos ĂůƵŶŽƐƐĆŽǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƟnjĂĚĂƐƋƵĂŶĚŽĂůŐƵŵĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞăƐƵĂ ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ;ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂͿ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽŽƵŶĆŽ͕ĠĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽĞĚŝƐĐƵƟĚŽŶŽąŵďŝƚŽĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͘DƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ƚƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞƐĂŽĐŽƟĚŝĂŶŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐƉŽƌĞůĞƐŵĞƐŵŽƐ͘ǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƉŽĚĞƌĞǀĞůĂƌƵŵ novo olhar sobre aquilo que antes era desconhecido e isso ocorre no estudo da Teoria ĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ŶŽƋƵĂůƐĞďƵƐĐŽƵƌĞƐŐĂƚĂƌƉĂƌƚĞĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĞƐƚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĐŽŵĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĞŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌĐŽŵŵĂŝŽƌũƵşnjŽƐĞƵĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ͘ ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ƉƌŽĐƵƌŽƵͲƐĞŵŽƐƚƌĂƌĂƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐĞƵƐŵĠƚŽĚŽƐ ĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĄͲůŽƐĐŽŵŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌŶŽĞŶƐŝŶŽĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĞŝdžŽƐŶŽƌƚĞĂĚŽƌĞƐ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ŽƐ ƚĞŵĂƐƌĞĨŽƌĕĂƌĂŵĐŽŶũĞĐƚƵƌĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐŶĂďƵƐĐĂƉŽƌƵŵĂĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ ƐƐĂƐĐŽŶũĞĐƚƵƌĂƐƌĞǀĞůĂŵƋƵĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂŶŽƐĚŝĂƐĚĞŚŽũĞƌĞƋƵĞƌŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌĐĄůĐƵůŽƐ͘džŝŐĞƵŵĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽŵĂŝƐƉƌſdžŝŵĂĐŽŵ ĂůşŶŐƵĂŵĂƚĞƌŶĂ͕ƐĞũĂŶĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͕ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽĚĞĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐĞĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĂŐƵĕĂƌŽ ƌĂĐŝŽĐşŶŝŽůſŐŝĐŽ͘ƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĞŶƐŝŶĂƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĚĞƐĚĞĂƐƐĠƌŝĞƐŝŶŝĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĞƵŵĂ mediação intrínseca da Língua Materna. DĂĐŚĂĚŽ;ϭϵϵϯ͕Ɖ͘ϭϬϵͿƌĞǀĞůĂ͗ Uma das questões mais candentes no que concerne ao ensino tanto da MateŵĄƟĐĂĐŽŵŽĚĂ>şŶŐƵĂDĂƚĞƌŶĂĠĂůĞŐŝƟŵŝĚĂĚĞŽƵĂĐŽŶǀĞŶŝġŶĐŝĂĚĂƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĞƐŝŐŶŽƐĚĞƵŵŵŽĚŽƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ͕ŽƉĞƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ƌĞƐƚƌŝƚŽĂƌĞŐƌĂƐƐŝŶƚĄƟĐĂƐ͕ĞŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĂƵŵƵƐŽƋƵĞƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐŝĞŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽĚŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽƐƵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽƐĞŵąŶƟĐĂ͘

230 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat

O esforço concentrou-se em proporcionar a compreensão do comportamento ĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĚŝƚŽƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞƐƵĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘WŽƌĞƐƐĞŵŽƟǀŽ͕ĨŽƌĂŵƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐƉĂƌĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐŶĂƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͘^ŽŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐŶĆŽƐĞƌǀŝƌŝĂŵĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƐƵĮĐŝĞŶƚĞ͘KƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ ĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐĞĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐƐĆŽƵŵĂŵĂŶĞŝƌĂĚĞƐĞǀĞƌĞƌĞŇĞƟƌƐŽďƌĞ ŽƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŽĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞͲƐŝŵƉůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͘ƌǀŽƌĞƐĞƌŝŽƐ͕ŶƵǀĞŶƐĞĐŽƐƚĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƐƉĞůĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘ŵƵŵŶşǀĞů͕ĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĚŽĨƌĂĐƚĂůĠ ƵŵĂĐƵƌŝŽƐĂŝůƵƐĆŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂŽƐĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐĚĂĮŐƵƌĂƉŽƐƐĂŵƐĞƌŝŶĮŶŝƚŽƐ͕ĞůĂĐƌĞƐceu de modo simples. ƐĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƐƵŐĞƌŝĚĂƐƉĂƌĂŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐĨŽƌĂŵƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƚƌĂŶƋƵŝůĂ͕ĞŽƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĨŽƌĂŵŵƵŝƚŽƐĂƟƐĨĂƚſƌŝŽƐ͘ ƉſƐŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĐĂŵƉŽĚĞ ĞƐƚƵĚŽĠǀĂƐƚŽĞĂƉĞŶĂƐĞƐƚĄĐŽŵĞĕĂŶĚŽĂƐĞƌĞdžƉůŽƌĂĚŽĂƋƵŝŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘ŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĞƐƚĄĞŵǀŝŶĐƵůĂƌĂĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĂĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƌŶŽǀŽƐĐĂŵƉŽƐ de pesquisa. ^ĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĨŽŝĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂƌĂƚŽŵĂĚĂĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĐŝĂůĚĞƐĞƵƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ ŶĂƐĂƵůĂƐĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƌƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĚĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ ŵĂŝƐĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ůƷĚŝĐĂ͕ĂƚƵĂůĞƚƌĂŶƐĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌ͘ KĞŶƐŝŶŽƚĞŵƉŽƌŽďũĞƟǀŽƐĞƌƉƌŽǀĞĚŽƌĚĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵ͕ĞůĞĚĞǀĞůĂŶĕĂƌͲƐĞă ďƵƐĐĂĚĂƐǀĞƌĚĂĚĞƐ͕ĚŽƌĞƐŐĂƚĞĚŽƐǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ĚŽĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘ĞǀĞĚŝƌĞĐŝŽŶĂƌƐĞƵƐŽůŚĂƌĞƐĂŽŵƵŶĚŽĚŽƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ƐĞƌĚĞŵŽĐƌĄƟĐŽ͕ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂůĞŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌ͘ EĆŽƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĨŽƌŵĂů͕ƐĞƉĂƌĂƌŽŚŽŵĞŵĚŽŵƵŶĚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀĞ͘ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵDŽƌŝŶ ;ϮϬϬϬ͕Ɖ͘ϭϲͿ͗ ĞǀĞŵŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐ͕ƉĞŶƐĂƌŽƉƌŽďůĞŵĂĚŽĞŶƐŝŶŽ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽ͕ƉŽƌƵŵůĂĚŽ͕ŽƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĂŝƐŐƌĂǀĞƐĚĂĐŽŵƉĂƌƟŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƐĂďĞƌĞƐĞĚĂŝŶĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĂƌƟĐƵůĄͲůŽƐ͕ƵŶƐĂŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͖ƉŽƌŽƵƚƌŽůĂĚŽ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽƋƵĞĂĂƉƟĚĆŽƉĂƌĂĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂƌĞŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƌĠƵŵĂƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶĂ͕ƋƵĞƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐĞƌĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂ͕ĞŶĆŽĂƚƌŽĮĂĚĂ͘

ƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĚĞĞƐƚƵĚŽƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƉůĂŶĞũĂĚĂƐƉĞůŽ ĚŽĐĞŶƚĞ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽŽĂƐƉĞĐƚŽŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ͘ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞƋƵĞƐĞƌĞĨŽƌĐĞŵŽƐĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐƉŽĚĞŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĚŝĮĐƵůĚĂĚĞŶĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͖ĂĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂ ĚĞĐĂĚĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƉŽĚĞǀĂƌŝĂƌĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƉĂƌĂĐůĂƐƐĞ͘ĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĨŽƌŵĂ͕ĂƐŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐƐĆŽƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌĞƐ͕ĞĂƌĞĚĞĚĞƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽƐƉŽĚĞǀĂƌŝĂƌĚĞĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͘ Acredita-se que as competências e habilidades adquiridas e desenvolvidas pelos ĂůƵŶŽƐĨŽƌĂŵǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƟnjĂĚĂƐ͕ŽƋƵĞƚŽƌŶĂƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞǀĄůŝĚŽƚŽĚŽŽƚƌĂďĂlho desenvolvido. Referências >D/͕dŚĞŽĚŽƌŽĞĐŬĞƌet al. Fractais no Ensino Fundamental: Explorando essa ŶŽǀĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐďĞŵ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĮůĞƐͬŝdžͺĞŶĞŵͬWŽƐƚĞƌͬ dƌĂďĂůŚŽƐͬWKϬϬϵϵϱϲϲϯϬϯϯd͘ĚŽĐх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘ Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 231

ZdZ^/>/^͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂƌƚĞďƌĂƐŝůŝƐ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘ ZK^͕ZƵLJDĂĚƐĞŶ͘Descobrindo a Geometria Fractal para a sala de aula͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘ ĞůŽ,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞ͗ƵƚġŶƟĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϱ͘ /hK͕DĂƌŝĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĚĂs͘;KƌŐ͘Ϳ͘ĚƵĐĂĕĆŽDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗DŽƌĂĞƐ͕ϭϵϵϳ͘ Z^/>͘DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽĚĂĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͘^ĞĐƌĞƚĂƌŝĂĚĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽDĠĚŝĂĞdĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐĂ͘ WĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌĞƐEĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ;ŶƐŝŶŽDĠĚŝŽͿ͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗D͕ϮϬϬϬ͘ ______. ______. ______. Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais + (PCN+) - Ciências da EĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĞƐƵĂƐdĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗D͕ϮϬϬϮ͘ ZKh^^h͕'ƵLJ͘/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĂŽƐƚƵĚŽĚĂƐ^ŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ: Conteúdos e DĠƚŽĚŽƐĚĞŶƐŝŶŽ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗ƟĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϴ͘ NZZ͕:ŽƌŐĞtŝůůŝĂŶƐ͘Teoria do Caos͘ϮϬϬϳ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬƐŝƚĞƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬƐŝƚĞͬŽŶƚŚĞĐŚĂŽƐͬƐŽďƌĞх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϭϭ ͛DZK^/K͕hďŝƌĂƚĂŶ͘ĂƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞăĂĕĆŽ͗ƌĞŇĞdžƁĞƐƐŽďƌĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͘^ƵŵŵƵƐͬhŶŝĐĂŵƉ͕ϭϵϴϲ͘ 'Z/͕'ŝůďĞƌƚŽ'͘A Rainha das Ciências - um passeio histórico pelo maravilhoso ŵƵŶĚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗>ŝǀƌĂƌŝĂĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϲ͘ '>/<͕:ĂŵĞƐ͘CaosͲĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĂŵƉƵƐ͕ϭϵϵϬ͘ :E>^ƉĂƌĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽ͘Exposição de fractais. Disponível em: фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĨƌĂĐƚĂƌƚĞ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƌƟŐŽƐ͘ƉŚƉх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϭϭ >KZE͕ĚǁĂƌĚE͘A Essência do Caos͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕ϭϵϵϲ͘ D,K͕EŝůƐŽŶ:ŽƐĠ͘DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞ>şŶŐƵĂDĂƚĞƌŶĂ͗análise de uma impregnação ŵƷƚƵĂ͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗ŽƌƚĞnj͕ϭϵϵϯ͘ DE>ZKd͕ĞŶŽŝƚ͘The Fractal Geometry of Nature͘^ĂŶ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ͗&ƌĞĞŵĂŶ͕ϭϵϴϯ͘ DKZ/E͕ĚŐĂƌ͘ĐĂďĞĕĂďĞŵͲĨĞŝƚĂ͗ƌĞƉĞŶƐĂƌĂƌĞĨŽƌŵĂ͕ƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƌŽƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘ϴ͘ĞĚ͘ ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĞƌƚƌĂŶĚƌĂƐŝů͕ϮϬϬϬ͘ WZ/'K'/E͕/ůLJĂ͘As leis do Caos͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗hŶĞƐƉ͕ϮϬϬϮ͘ ^/>s͕ůĞdž͖^/>s͕:ŽŝĐĞ͘KƋƵĞĠdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ϮϬϭϬ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŐĞŽŵĞƚƌĂƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϳŵĂƌ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘ ^/Yh/Z͕ZŽĚƌŝŐŽ͘:ĂŶĞůĂƐƉĂƌĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽͲdžƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘ϮϬϭϬ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĨƌĂĐƚĂƌƚ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƌƟŐŽƐͬĐĂŽƐͲĞͲŽƌĚĞŵ͘ƉŚƉх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϱũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘ dKZ/KK^͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉƐ͗ͬͬƐŝƚĞƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬƐŝƚĞͬŽŶƚŚĞĐŚĂŽƐͬĨƌĂĐƚх͘ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘

232 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat